Question 1

Evolutionary personality theorists speculate the personality traits of conscientiousness and agreeableness may have played an important role in:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evolutionary personality theorists speculate the personality traits...

Question 2

From an evolutionary perspective, attaining positions of dominance and selecting mates may be attributed to the personality traits of helpful in.

Accepted Answer

Extraversion is associated with social dominance and assertiveness, which can aid in attaining positions of dominance. Emotional stability helps in maintaining calmness and resilience, which can be attractive traits in mate selection.

Question 3

Domain-specific adaptations refer to adaptations related to:

Accepted Answer

Domain-specific adaptations are evolutionary changes that help organisms solve specific problems, such as identifying safe food sources.

Question 4

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a human behaviour related to innate evolved mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

Reading is not an innate ability; it is a learned skill that depends on cultural and educational exposure, unlike language acquisition, facial recognition, and basic emotions, which are considered innate.

Question 5

The genes that are associated with dyslexia have likely caused:

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia is linked to subtle changes in brain development, particularly in areas related to language processing.

Question 6

All EXCEPT which one of the following is involved in reading aloud:

Accepted Answer

The answer of All EXCEPT which one of the following...

Question 7

Natural selection refers to

Accepted Answer

Natural selection is the process where traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more common in successive generations of a population.

Question 8

If our ancestors' mental abilities increased in parallel with an increase in brain size, why has the size of our brain not continued increasing?

Accepted Answer

The size of the brain is not the only determinant of mental abilities; other factors such as neural connections, efficiency, and environmental influences also play significant roles in human capabilities.

Question 9

Genetic variation enables natural selection to work because:

Accepted Answer

Genetic variation provides the raw material for natural selection, allowing individuals with advantageous traits to survive and reproduce more successfully in a given environment.

Question 10

Though the research by Vernon at the University of Western Ontario and Jang at the University of British Columbia showed that attitudes toward things like reading books and participating in organized sports showed the greatest heritability rates, the researchers cautioned that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Though the research by Vernon at the...

Question 11

Certain basic personality traits that are found across all cultures may have evolved to help us achieve which two overriding goals?

Accepted Answer

Certain basic personality traits have evolved to help us achieve the goals of reproduction of the species and physical survival, as these are fundamental to the continuation and thriving of human life across all cultures.

Question 12

Evidence for heritable components in dyslexia have been found in studies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evidence for heritable components in dyslexia have...

Question 13

The global appearance of the five basic personality traits is due to the fact that these traits increased our chances for survival and reproduction. This belief is postulated by the ________.

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary personality theory postulates that the global appearance of the five basic personality traits is due to the fact that these traits increased our chances for survival and reproduction.

Question 14

According to the Minnesota Twin Study, which of the following factors was least important in determining personality?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the Minnesota Twin Study, which...

Question 15

The change over time in the frequency with which particular genes occur within an interbreeding population is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Evolution refers to the change in the frequency of genes within a population over time.

Question 16

Support for innate evolved mechanisms is illustrated by the finding that:

Accepted Answer

Infants being born with the ability to learn any language suggests an innate, evolved mechanism for language acquisition, supporting the idea that certain capabilities are hardwired in humans.

Question 17

Research conducted with twins indicates that genetic factors appear to account for approximately 39 to 58 percent of the variation in personality traits, while unique or individual environments account for about _.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research conducted with twins indicates that genetic...

Question 18

Genetic factors are especially important in the development of dyslexia in:

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that genetic factors play a significant role in the development of dyslexia, particularly in individuals with a high IQ, as dyslexia can occur independently of general intelligence levels.

Question 19

In the Minnesota Twin Study, genetics accounted for a percentage of the variation among people in personality trait scores. This percentage range was .

Accepted Answer

The Minnesota Twin Study found that genetics accounted for 39-58% of the variation in personality traits among individuals.

Question 20

One innate, evolved trait of humans is the preference that newborns have for:

Accepted Answer

Newborns have an innate preference for faces and are more likely to focus on face-like patterns than on random patterns, indicating an evolved trait to recognize and respond to human faces.

Quiz 4: Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour