Question 1

Even though African American students as a group score slightly lower on IQ tests than Caucasian students, the test still does predict performance equally well for both ethnic groups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Even though African American students as a...

Question 2

According to the American Psychiatric Association's classification system, an adult with a cognitive disability who may need occasional guidance and support when under unusual social or economic stress would be characterized as having a ________
Cognitive disability.

Accepted Answer

An adult with a mild cognitive disability typically functions independently but may require occasional support during times of unusual stress.

Question 3

Early training in music can lead to structural changes in primary auditory cortex as well as the motor cortex.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that early training in music can lead to structural changes in primary auditory cortex as well as the motor cortex. This is because playing an instrument requires the integration of auditory and motor processes.

Question 4

According to Renzulli, the factors that tend to lead to success in gifted individuals include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Renzulli's model of giftedness emphasizes three key factors: above-average ability, creativity, and task commitment. Early signs of exceptionality prompting parental involvement is not one of the factors he identifies as leading to success.

Question 5

Phillips studied the families of African American and Caucasian children and proposed that 66 percent of the mean IQ score differences between these two ethnic groups may be accounted for by factors.

Accepted Answer

Phillips suggested that environmental factors, rather than biological, physical, or genetic factors, account for the majority of the mean IQ score differences between African American and Caucasian children.

Question 6

Research on IQ differences between African American and Caucasian students indicates that:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the gap in mean IQ scores between African American and Caucasian students has been decreasing over the past few decades, indicating a trend towards narrowing differences.

Question 7

Tia is 10 years old. She has learned to speak and has acquired some basic self help and simple manual skills but has not been able to learn to read and write. Most likely Tia's level of mental retardation would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Tia's inability to read and write at the age of 10, despite having basic self-help and manual skills, suggests a moderate level of intellectual disability, where individuals can learn some basic communication and self-care skills but have significant limitations in academic skills.

Question 8

According to the text, biological explanations for gender differences in cognitive abilities have increasingly focused on the developing brain and on current cognitive performance that is impacted by _.

Accepted Answer

Biological explanations for gender differences in cognitive abilities have increasingly focused on hormones, as they play a significant role in brain development and can influence cognitive performance.

Question 9

According to statistics, the majority of people with a cognitive disability are classified as:

Accepted Answer

Most people with a cognitive disability are classified as mildly disabled, as this category encompasses a larger portion of the population with cognitive impairments.

Question 10

Environmental explanations of the differences in cognitive abilities between men and women have typically focused on the role of:

Accepted Answer

Environmental explanations emphasize the impact of socialization, which includes cultural, educational, and societal influences on cognitive abilities.

Question 11

Marcella is testing a wiggly 4-year-old on an intelligence test. On one item the child blurts out an answer without obviously trying to think about the best response. Marcella responds by telling the child he is doing a good job on the test so far. She then asks the same question again asking the child to think about it for a moment and highlighting some important aspects of the question. The type of test administration Marcella is using is known as:

Accepted Answer

Dynamic testing involves interaction between the tester and the test-taker, where the tester provides feedback and guidance to help the test-taker improve their performance.

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding ethnic and racial differences in mean IQ scores is true?

Accepted Answer

IQ tests are designed to predict academic performance, and research shows they do so similarly across different ethnic and racial groups, including minority and Caucasian students.

Question 13

Critics who express concerns that intelligence tests underestimate the mental competence of minority group members are partly concerned that the tests underestimate these individuals' true intellectual ability, a test bias known as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Critics who express concerns that intelligence tests...

Question 14

In the research by Hampson and Kimura on the relationship between hormone levels and perceptual skills in women, the researchers found that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the research by Hampson and Kimura...

Question 15

The fact that IQ differences between black and white students have decreased in recent years is generally taken as evidence that this difference was largely be due to factors.

Accepted Answer

The decrease in IQ differences suggests that the gap was influenced by changeable environmental factors, as improvements in these areas can lead to changes in IQ scores.

Question 16

What situation inspired educators to demand tests of intelligence that could be administered to large groups of children in a group setting?

Accepted Answer

The demand for group-administered intelligence tests was inspired by the need to efficiently screen large numbers of American army recruits during World War I.

Question 17

Deborah is developing an intelligence test. As part of the process she has outlined precise instructions on how to administer the test. Additionally, she has been testing hundreds of people with the test to determine how people of different ages tend to
Respond on different items. These aspects of test construction are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Deborah is developing an intelligence test. As...

Question 18

Relatively consistent research findings on sex differences in cognitive abilities indicate that women generally perform better than men do on tests of ideational fluency and men generally perform better than women do on tests of _.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men generally perform better than women on tests of target-directed motor skills, which involve spatial and motor coordination abilities.

Question 19

Research on gender differences in cognitive skills has revealed that men tend to score slightly higher on tests of certain spatial abilities and mathematical reasoning, while women tend to perform better on tests of .

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that women generally perform better on tests of verbal fluency and mathematical calculation compared to men.

Question 20

The intellectually gifted have an IQ score of at least:

Accepted Answer

An IQ score of 130 or above is typically considered the threshold for intellectual giftedness.

Quiz 10: Intelligence