Question 1

The nurse correlates appropriate secondary polycythemia to which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Secondary polycythemia is often a physiological response to living at high altitudes, where oxygen levels are lower, prompting the body to produce more red blood cells to increase oxygen delivery.

Question 2

The nurse is planning care for a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Which is the priority nursing diagnosis to minimize the risk of complications associated with this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Risk for Bleeding is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) due to the decreased production of normal blood cells, including platelets, which increases the risk of bleeding and bruising.

Question 3

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient who is neutropenic. Which patient statements indicate the need for additional teaching? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Using a humidifier can increase the risk of mold exposure, which is not recommended for neutropenic patients. Antibiotics should be taken for the full prescribed duration, not stopped early, even if the patient feels better.

Question 4

The nurse correlates which diagnostic results to the patient with pancytopenia? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Pancytopenia is characterized by a reduction in the number of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. A decreased reticulocyte count indicates a reduction in new RBC production, which is consistent with pancytopenia. Platelets at 100,000/mm^3 and RBCs at 3.2 million cells/mm^3 are both lower than normal ranges, also indicating pancytopenia.

Question 5

The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestations in the patient diagnosed with malignant lymphoma? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Malignant lymphoma often presents with night sweats, swollen lymph nodes, and weight loss. High fevers and painful lymph nodes are not typical manifestations.

Question 6

A patient with a history of anemia has started a vegan diet. Which addition to meals should the nurse recommend to help ensure that this patient has adequate amounts of iron in the diet? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Legumes and peas are good plant-based sources of iron. Orange juice is rich in vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of non-heme iron from plant sources.

Question 7

A patient diagnosed with polycythemia is prescribed radiation, and asks the rationale for this treatment. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Radiation therapy is used in the treatment of polycythemia to suppress the bone marrow, thereby reducing the overproduction of red blood cells that characterizes the condition.

Question 8

The nurse correlates which diagnostic finding to a diagnosis of multiple myeloma?

Accepted Answer

Elevated serum creatinine levels, such as 2.2 mg/dL, can indicate kidney dysfunction, which is a common complication of multiple myeloma due to the high levels of abnormal proteins produced by cancerous plasma cells.

Question 9

A nurse educator is teaching a group of patients about prevention of sickle cell crises. What should the nurse instruct about the precipitating factors that could contribute to a sickle cell crisis? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

B) High altitudes can lead to decreased oxygen levels in the blood, which can precipitate a sickle cell crisis by causing the sickle-shaped cells to clump together more easily.C) Fever can increase the body's metabolic rate and oxygen demand, potentially leading to hypoxia and triggering a sickle cell crisis.D) Vomiting can lead to dehydration, which can increase blood viscosity and the likelihood of sickle cells sticking together, potentially causing a crisis.

Question 10

In providing care for a patient with malignant lymphoma, the nurse correlates which clinical manifestations to the development of superior vena cava syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Superior vena cava syndrome occurs when the superior vena cava is compressed or obstructed, often by a tumor, leading to symptoms like shortness of breath due to impaired blood flow from the head, neck, and upper extremities back to the heart.

Question 11

In administering cryoprecipitate to a patient diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura, the nurse recognizes which of the following actions as the rationale for this treatment?

Accepted Answer

Cryoprecipitate is administered to provide clotting factors, which can help manage bleeding disorders by supplementing deficient coagulation factors in the blood.

Quiz 34: Coordinating Care for Patients With Hematological Disorders