Question 1

The difference between the standard emergency triage known to nurses and the current emergency triage of mass casualties is:

Accepted Answer

Current emergency triage, especially in situations involving mass casualties, prioritizes individuals based on the likelihood of survival with the resources available, focusing on saving the most lives possible.

Question 2

Which of the following diagnoses is a direct affect from exposure to ionizing radiation?

Accepted Answer

Leukemia is a well-documented consequence of exposure to ionizing radiation, as seen in survivors of atomic bombings and nuclear accidents, where increased rates of leukemia have been observed.

Question 3

The nurse explains to a group of concerned citizens that a biologic terrorism agent that is especially dangerous because of its high contagion and prolonged incubation period (allowing exposure to a large number of people during the early stages of the disease)is:

Accepted Answer

Smallpox is highly contagious and has a prolonged incubation period, which allows it to spread to a large number of people before symptoms become apparent.

Question 4

Antidotes for nerve agent poisoning include:

Accepted Answer

Atropine sulfate is used as an antidote for nerve agent poisoning because it counteracts the effects of excessive acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that is overproduced in response to nerve agents.

Question 5

Which of the following are potential disasters? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Biological, chemical, radiologic agents, and nuclear explosives are all recognized as potential disasters due to their ability to cause widespread harm and destruction.

Question 6

A client who has experienced whole-body radiation exposure is admitted to the Emergency Department six hours after exposure with radiation sickness.On assessment, the nurse would expect the client to report:

Accepted Answer

Nausea and vomiting are common early symptoms of acute radiation syndrome, typically occurring within hours after exposure. Other symptoms like hair loss, bleeding, and bruising tend to develop later.

Question 7

Which of the following are components of the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS)? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) includes a wide range of medical supplies to respond to public health emergencies. These include antibiotics to treat a variety of infections, chemical antidotes to counteract hazardous substances, life-support medications for critical care scenarios, and intravenous administration equipment to deliver fluids and medications.

Question 8

The danger from radiation exposure is primarily due to: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The danger from radiation exposure is primarily...

Question 9

Person-to-person spread occurs in which of the following bioterrorist agents? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Person-to-person spread occurs in which of the...

Question 10

The purpose of the push packages is:

Accepted Answer

Push packages are pre-assembled supplies of emergency medical materials designed to be rapidly deployed to disaster sites, ensuring that critical resources are available within the first 12 hours after an incident.

Question 11

The most essential competency for nurses in this age of bioterrorism is:

Accepted Answer

Emergency preparedness is crucial for nurses in the age of bioterrorism, as it encompasses the ability to respond effectively to various scenarios, including those involving bioterrorist attacks. This competency ensures nurses are ready to take immediate action, provide appropriate care, and work efficiently within emergency response teams.

Question 12

Which of the five general principles for treating acute poisoning below would be indicated for treating an external chemical agent? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the five general principles for...

Question 13

At a local health fair, the community nurse is educating the public on poison-control strategies.Which strategy should the nurse indicate to the public as most important to follow?

Accepted Answer

Prevention of potential household poisonings is the most important strategy because it addresses the issue at its source by eliminating or reducing the risk of exposure to poisons, thereby reducing the likelihood of poisoning incidents.

Question 14

The client is found at home unconscious with an empty bottle of diltiazem (Cardizem)near the couch.The emergency response team prepares to administer which of the following antidotes?

Accepted Answer

Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and cardiac conditions. In case of an overdose, calcium is administered as an antidote to counteract the effects of calcium channel blockade.

Question 15

Which of the following medications is the primary antibiotic of choice for the treatment of anthrax?

Accepted Answer

Ciprofloxacin is the primary antibiotic of choice for the treatment of anthrax due to its effectiveness against Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax.

Question 16

A common intervention for clients exposed to gaseous chemical agents such as cyanogen chloride, phosgene, and VX nerve agent is to:

Accepted Answer

Exposure to air or administration of oxygen is a common intervention for clients exposed to gaseous chemical agents, as it helps to ensure that the body receives enough oxygen, especially when the agents have compromised the body's ability to utilize or transport oxygen.

Question 17

Which of the following agents would the nurse administer to prevent the absorption of a poison that the client ingested?

Accepted Answer

Activated charcoal is administered to bind to the poison in the gastrointestinal tract, preventing its absorption into the bloodstream.

Question 18

Clients arrive in the Emergency Department complaining of difficulty breathing, tearing from their eyes after a bomb exploded in a nearby store.The priority intervention of the health care team initially should be to:

Accepted Answer

The priority intervention for clients exposed to potentially harmful substances, especially after a bomb explosion, is decontamination to prevent further injury or absorption of the agent. Flushing the skin and eyes with water is a critical first step in decontamination.

Question 19

The government agency responsible for managing the SNS is the:

Accepted Answer

The Strategic National Stockpile (SNS), which is a national repository of antibiotics, vaccines, chemical antidotes, antitoxins, and other critical medical supplies, is managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Question 20

The five general principles used in the treatment of acute poisoning are:

Accepted Answer

B) Antidote therapy, decontamination, neutralization, prevention of absorption, and increase in the rate of excretion are key strategies in acute poisoning treatment. These steps aim to counteract the poison's effects, remove or neutralize the poison in the body, prevent further absorption into the bloodstream, and enhance the elimination of the poison from the body.

Quiz 78: Emergency Preparedness: Bioterrorism and Management of Poisoning