Question 1

What do we call the process by which people engage in organized and collective action to achieve goals?

Accepted Answer

Social movements are organized and collective efforts by people to achieve social, political, or cultural goals. These movements can lead to significant changes in society.

Question 2

What kind of ethnic identity represents a cultural difference that makes a daily difference in peoples lives?

Accepted Answer

Lived-in ethnic identity represents a cultural difference that is experienced on a daily basis, influencing daily interactions, practices, and perceptions.

Question 3

According to the text, ethnicity can be expressed in three major ways. Which of the following is NOT an expression of ethnicity?

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity can be expressed through community, where individuals share a common cultural background; identity, which involves self-identification and recognition by others within the ethnic group; and activity, which includes cultural practices and traditions. "Reality" is not mentioned as a way ethnicity is expressed.

Question 4

The text distinguishes two seemingly opposed dynamics at the onset of the 21^st century. One of these is globalization. According to the text, what is the other dynamic that is shaping developments in the new century?

Accepted Answer

The other dynamic shaping developments in the new century, as contrasted with globalization, is ethnicity. This suggests a focus on cultural, linguistic, or national distinctions among people, which can influence social, political, and economic developments.

Question 5

What of the following approaches tends to see ethnic identity as fluid, emergent, negotiated, and provisional rather than fixed, determining, and rigid?

Accepted Answer

Hybridic approaches to ethnic identity emphasize its fluid, emergent, negotiated, and provisional nature, contrasting with views that see it as fixed or inherently determined.

Question 6

Ethnically driven civil wars and sectarian violence have killed or displaced millions of people since the 1990s. Most of those killed or displaced have been________ ?

Accepted Answer

Civilians are often the most affected group in ethnically driven civil wars and sectarian violence, suffering the highest casualties and displacement rates.

Question 7

A community of people who see themselves as distinct, are seen by others as distinct, and are separated from others by way of cultural boundaries is known as a (n) _________?

Accepted Answer

An ethnic group is defined by a shared heritage, culture, language, or religion, and members see themselves, and are seen by others, as a distinct community.

Question 8

What explanation argues that the surge in ethnicity reflects powerful biological impulses?

Accepted Answer

The primordial explanation argues that the surge in ethnicity reflects powerful, inherent biological impulses, suggesting that ethnic ties are deeply rooted in a person's biological makeup and are an innate aspect of human identity.

Question 9

What explanation argues that ethnicity serves as a resource in the collective pursuit of goals in a competitive environment?

Accepted Answer

The instrumental explanation argues that ethnicity can be used as a tool or resource by groups in the pursuit of collective goals, especially in competitive environments. This perspective views ethnic identity as something that can be emphasized or de-emphasized depending on its usefulness in achieving objectives.

Question 10

What do we call an approach to studying ethnicity that emphasizes a shared "we-feeling" within the group?

Accepted Answer

The subjective approach to studying ethnicity emphasizes the internal experience and feelings of belonging within the group, focusing on the shared "we-feeling" among its members.

Question 11

Which type of ethnic identity is most consistent with a kaleidoscope model of ethnicity?

Accepted Answer

The kaleidoscope model of ethnicity suggests that ethnic identity is fluid, changing, and mixed, which aligns with the concept of a hybridic identity. This model emphasizes the blending and shifting nature of ethnic identities, much like the changing patterns of a kaleidoscope.

Question 12

What do sociologists call a group of people who believe they are different, reflect the status of a peoples, and are thus entitled to political autonomy and to speak the language of nationhood?

Accepted Answer

A nation is a group of people who share a common identity, culture, language, or history, and often believe they are distinct or unique from others. This shared sense of identity and belief in their distinctiveness can lead to aspirations for political autonomy and the expression of nationhood.

Question 13

What primordial-based approach argues that ethnicity is genetically wired into the human species for the express purpose of transmitting closely related genes from one generation to another?

Accepted Answer

Sociobiology argues that ethnicity and other social behaviors have a biological basis, including the transmission of genes and evolutionary advantages. This approach suggests that certain behaviors, including those related to ethnicity, are genetically wired into humans to promote the survival and transmission of their genes.

Question 14

What explanatory framework argues that ethnicity exists because it provides a buffer for insulating individuals from an intensely competitive and impersonal world of change and uncertainty?

Accepted Answer

The Identity framework suggests that ethnicity provides a sense of belonging and security, acting as a buffer against the uncertainties and impersonality of the modern world.

Question 15

Five expressions of ethnic identity can be discerned. Which of the following is NOT included in this list of identity expressions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Five expressions of ethnic identity can be...

Question 16

What type of ethnic identity is associated with notions of multiple homelands and multiple attachments because of the global movement of people?

Accepted Answer

Transnational ethnic identity reflects the experiences of individuals who maintain ties and a sense of belonging to more than one country, often due to migration. This identity is characterized by connections to multiple homelands and the global movement of people.

Question 17

The new kaleidoscope model of ethnicity tends to see ethnicity as a______ ?

Accepted Answer

The kaleidoscope model of ethnicity views ethnicity as a process, emphasizing its fluid and dynamic nature, rather than something static or fixed.

Question 18

What do we call an ethnic identity that revolves around an attachment to symbols of ethnicity rather than its substance or practice?

Accepted Answer

Situational ethnicity refers to an ethnic identity that is expressed through symbols and is often activated in specific contexts rather than being a constant, lived experience.

Question 19

What nationalist movements are driven by the politics of ethnicity?

Accepted Answer

Ethnic nationalism is driven by the politics of ethnicity, focusing on common ancestry, culture, and language as the basis of national identity.

Question 20

What term describes the phenomenon that involves a shared awareness of ancestral linkages and recognized commonalities as basis for community, identity, or activity?

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity refers to shared cultural practices, perspectives, and distinctions that set apart one group of people from another. It often involves a shared awareness of ancestral linkages and recognized commonalities.

Quiz 4: Ethnicity Matters: Experiences: Politics, Identity, and Power, and Experiences