Question 1

Which of the following is not a phase of gastric secretion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Question 2

Which of the following is (are) not important as a stimulus in the gastric phase of gastric secretion?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates do not play a significant role as stimuli in the gastric phase of gastric secretion. Distention and peptides are important stimuli that trigger the release of gastric juices, while low acidity levels enhance gastric secretion.

Question 3

The solutes contained in saliva include .

Accepted Answer

Saliva contains a variety of solutes including electrolytes, digestive enzymes like amylase, mucin, lysozyme, metabolic wastes, and immunoglobulin A (IgA).

Question 4

Which hormone causes an increased output of enzyme- rich pancreatic juice and stimulates gallbladder contraction to release bile?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates the pancreas to release enzyme-rich juice and causes the gallbladder to contract and release bile.

Question 5

Select the correct statement about absorption.

Accepted Answer

Intact proteins crossing the villus epithelium can trigger an immune response, as the body may recognize them as foreign antigens.

Question 6

From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen.

Accepted Answer

The correct order of the layers from the lumen outward is mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa.

Question 7

Chyme is created in the .

Accepted Answer

Chyme is a semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that is formed in the stomach during digestion.

Question 8

The contains lobules with sinusoids (lined with macrophages) that lead to a central venous structure.

Accepted Answer

The liver contains lobules with sinusoids lined with Kupffer cells (macrophages) that lead to a central vein.

Question 9

The ducts that deliver bile and pancreatic juice from the liver and pancreas, respectively, unite to form the .

Accepted Answer

The hepatopancreatic ampulla, also known as the ampulla of Vater, is formed by the union of the bile duct and the pancreatic duct.

Question 10

Gastrin, histamine, endorphins, serotonin, cholecystokinin, and somatostatin are hormones or paracrines that are released directly into the lamina propria. Which of the following cell types synthesize and secrete these products?

Accepted Answer

Enteroendocrine cells are responsible for synthesizing and secreting hormones and paracrines like gastrin, histamine, endorphins, serotonin, cholecystokinin, and somatostatin directly into the lamina propria.

Question 11

The function of goblet cells is to _ .

Accepted Answer

Goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus, which serves to protect the lining of the digestive organs from damage by digestive enzymes and acidic conditions.

Question 12

Which of the following is an essential role played by large intestine bacteria?

Accepted Answer

The bacteria in the large intestine synthesize vitamin K and some B-complex vitamins, which are essential for various bodily functions.

Question 13

Which of the following is true concerning the number and type of permanent teeth?

Accepted Answer

Humans typically have 32 permanent teeth, and the wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are usually the last to emerge.

Question 14

In addition to storage and mechanical breakdown of food, the stomach .

Accepted Answer

The stomach initiates protein digestion by secreting pepsinogen, which is activated to pepsin in the acidic environment, and it denatures proteins with its acidic pH.

Question 15

Hydrochloric acid is secreted by which of the secretory cells of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Parietal cells in the stomach lining are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid, which aids in digestion.

Question 16

The dental formula for an adult is 2- 1- 2- 3. What does the 1 stand for?

Accepted Answer

The dental formula 2-1-2-3 represents the number of each type of tooth in one quadrant of the mouth: 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars. The "1" stands for the canine tooth.

Question 17

The capillaries that nourish the epithelium and absorb digested nutrients lie in the .

Accepted Answer

The lamina propria is a layer of connective tissue in the mucosa that contains capillaries which nourish the epithelium and absorb digested nutrients.

Question 18

If an incision has to be made in the small intestine to remove an obstruction, the first layer of tissue to be cut is the .

Accepted Answer

The serosa is the outermost layer of the small intestine, so it would be the first layer to be cut during an incision.

Question 19

Select the statement that is true concerning primary teeth.

Accepted Answer

Children typically have 20 primary teeth, and most have all of them by the age of 24 months.

Question 20

A fluid secreted into the small intestine during digestion that contains cholesterol, emulsification agents, and phospholipids is .

Accepted Answer

Bile is the fluid secreted into the small intestine that contains cholesterol, emulsification agents, and phospholipids, aiding in the digestion and absorption of fats.

Quiz 23: The Digestive System