Question 1

Determine which of the following describes nominal data. 
i. Michaelangelo's sells small, medium, large, and jumbo pizzas.
ii. Michaelangelo's most-requested toppings are pepperoni, black olives, and mushrooms.
A) ii only
B) i only
C) both i and ii
D) neither i nor ii

Accepted Answer

Nominal data is categorical data without a specific order. The toppings in ii are categories without an inherent order, making it nominal data. The sizes in i have an order, so they are ordinal, not nominal.

Question 2

By visiting homes door-to-door, a municipality surveys all the households in 149 randomly-selected neighborhoods to see how residents feel about a proposed property tax increase. Identify the type of
Sample that is being used.
A) voluntary response sample
B) systematic sample
C) stratified sample
D) cluster sample

Accepted Answer

The sample being used is a cluster sample, as the municipality is dividing the population into neighborhoods (clusters) and selecting a random sample of neighborhoods to survey. It is not a voluntary response sample, as the municipality is actively seeking out participants rather than waiting for them to respond on their own. It is not a systematic sample or stratified sample, as there is no indication that the households are being selected based on any predetermined order or grouping.

Question 3

The names of all 126 students in a professor's class are written on identical slips of paper, and the slips are placed into a large glass jar. Then, the professor selects 14 random slips from the jar.
Identify the kind of sample that is being used.
A) sample of convenience
B) simple random sample
C) systematic sample
D) cluster sample

Accepted Answer

The professor is selecting 14 random slips from the jar, making it a simple random sample. This means that each slip in the jar has an equal chance of being selected, resulting in an unbiased sample.

Question 4

A pollster randomly samples 145 Democrats, 154 Republicans and 19 Independents (all registered voters) in Metro City and asks each poll participant which mayoral candidate he or she prefers.
Identify the kind of sample that the pollster is using.
A) cluster sample
B) voluntary response sample
C) sample of convenience
D) stratified sample

Accepted Answer

The pollster is using a stratified sample, because the population (registered voters in Metro City) has been divided into three strata based on political affiliation (Democrats, Republicans, and Independents), and then a random sample has been taken from each stratum. This ensures that the sample is representative of the entire population, and allows for more precise estimation of the preferences of each political group.

Question 5

In a small town, 84% of the residents, aged 16 or more years old, own a car. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?
A) Statistic
B) Parameter

Accepted Answer

A parameter is a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a population. In this case, the population is all residents aged 16 or more years old in the small town, and the 84% figure describes a characteristic of this entire population, making it a parameter.

Question 6

Choose the answer below that best completes the following statement. A _____________ is a number that describes a sample.
A) parameter
B) population
C) statistic
D) measurement

Accepted Answer

A parameter is a number that describes a population, not a sample. A population refers to the entire group being studied, while a sample is a subset of that group. A statistic, on the other hand, is a number that describes a sample, such as the sample mean or sample standard deviation. A measurement is a general term that can refer to any quantitative observation or specification.

Question 7

Determine which of the following describes nominal data. 
i. My favorite days of the week are Friday, Saturday, and Tuesday.
ii. My favorite day of the week is Friday, my second-favorite is Saturday, and Third-favorite is Tuesday.
A) both i and ii
B) i only
C) ii only
D) neither i nor ii

Accepted Answer

Nominal data is a type of categorical data where data is divided into categories or groups. In the first statement, the days of the week are just listed without any order or ranking, making it an example of nominal data. In the second statement, the days of the week are ranked, making it an example of ordinal data, not nominal data.

Question 8

Determine which of the following describes qualitative data. 
i. the volume of a shipping container, in gallons
ii. the name of the material from which the container is made
iii. the shape of the container
A) i and iii only
B) ii and iii only
C) i and ii only
D) i, ii, and iii

Accepted Answer

Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities, typically in a non-numerical format. The name of the material from which the container is made and the shape of the container are both qualitative data points, whereas the volume of the container is a quantitative data point.

Question 9

An electronics manufacturer test every 50th cell phone to verify that it is functioning properly. Identify the kind of sample that is being used.
A) systematic sample
B) stratified sample
C) simple random sample
D) cluster sample

Accepted Answer

In a systematic sample, every nth element in a population is selected for the sample. Since the manufacturer is selecting every 50th cell phone for testing, this is an example of a systematic sample.

Question 10

Determine which of the following describes quantitative data. 
i. the name of a chemical sample
ii. the mass of a chemical sample
iii. the color of a chemical sample
A) ii only
B) i only
C) i, ii, and iii
D) i and ii only

Accepted Answer

Quantitative data refers to numerical information that can be measured and quantified. Among the options, only the mass of a chemical sample (ii) represents quantitative data, as it can be expressed in numbers with units of measurement.

Question 11

Which of the following sample types should you always regard as unreliable?
A) voluntary response samples
B) simple random samples
C) stratified samples
D) cluster samples

Accepted Answer

Voluntary response samples are unreliable because they are self-selected by individuals who choose to participate. This type of sample tends to be biased because those who respond may have strong opinions or feelings on the topic, leading to an overrepresentation of certain groups or opinions.

Question 12

Choose the answer below that best completes the following statement. A ________ is a number that describes a population.
A) summary
B) statistic
C) sample
D) parameter

Accepted Answer

A parameter is a number that describes a population, whereas a statistic is a number that describes a sample. A summary can refer to either a summary statistic or a summary of data, and a sample is a subset of a population.

Question 13

A middle school student passes out leaflets to the adults at a school function. The leaflets ask the recipient to indicate whether they believe in anthropogenic global warming. The bottom of the
Leaflet indicates that the completed leaflet should be returned to the student. Identify the kind of
Sample that is being used.
A) stratified sample
B) cluster sample
C) systematic sample
D) sample of convenience

Accepted Answer

This is a sample of convenience because the sample is selected based on the availability and willingness of people to participate. The student is only handing out leaflets at a school function and it is up to the adults to decide whether or not they want to fill it out and return it. Therefore, this method of sampling is biased towards those who attend the function and are willing to participate.

Question 14

Determine which of the following describes ordinal data. 
i. My best friends are Georgia, Amithaba, and Raphael.
ii. My favorite numbers are 2, 7 and 13.
A) neither i nor ii
B) i only
C) both i and ii
D) ii only

Accepted Answer

Ordinal data refers to data that can be ordered or ranked but does not necessarily have a fixed interval between each point. Neither listing friends by name nor listing favorite numbers inherently involves an order or ranking, making both examples not fit the definition of ordinal data.

Question 15

Determine which of the following describes qualitative data. 
i. the make of the car with license plate number VNS-862
ii. the license plate number VNS-862
iii. the number of vehicles whose license plate number begins with "VNS"
A) neither i, nor ii, nor iii
B) iii only
C) i only
D) i and ii only

Accepted Answer

Qualitative data describes non-numeric characteristics or categories. The make of the car (i) and the license plate number (ii) are both non-numeric and categorical, thus they are qualitative data.

Question 16

In a recent poll, 64% of the respondents supported stricter gun laws. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?
A) Statistic
B) Parameter

Accepted Answer

A statistic is a numerical value calculated from a sample. In this case, the poll results were obtained from a sample of respondents, making it a statistic. A parameter, on the other hand, is a numerical value that describes a population, which cannot be determined from a sample alone.

Question 17

Of the televisions offered at an electronics store, 42% cost less than $500.00. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?
A) Statistic
B) Parameter

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the televisions offered at an electronics...

Question 18

Determine which of the following describes ordinal data. 
i. In the horse race, Betty's Girl won, Mr. Ed placed, and Wabash showed.
ii. In the horse race, I bet on Betty's Girl to win, Mr. Ed to place, and Wabash to show.
A) both i and ii
B) neither i nor ii
C) i only
D) ii only

Accepted Answer

The answer of Determine which of the following describes ordinal...

Question 19

Determine which of the following describes quantitative data. 
i. the length of an object in feet
ii. the speed of an object in meters per second
iii. the number of objects that are blue
A) i, ii, and iii
B) i and ii only
C) iii only
D) i only

Accepted Answer

Quantitative data refers to numerical measurements or counts. i. the length of an object in feet, ii. the speed of an object in meters per second, and iii. the number of objects that are blue, all represent numerical values or counts, making them examples of quantitative data.

Question 20

In a survey of 1000 teenagers, 23% of them said they use tobacco products. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?
A) Statistic
B) Parameter

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a statistic because it is based on a sample of 1000 teenagers, rather than the entire population of all teenagers. If the survey had included every single teenager, it would be a parameter.

Quiz 1: Basic Ideas

Determine which of the following describes nominal data. i. Michaelangelo's sells small, medium, large, and jumbo pizzas. ii. Michaelangelo's most-requested toppings are pepperoni, black olives, and mushrooms.

By visiting homes door-to-door, a municipality surveys all the households in 149 randomly-selected neighborhoods to see how residents feel about a proposed property tax increase. Identify the type of Sample that is being used.

The names of all 126 students in a professor's class are written on identical slips of paper, and the slips are placed into a large glass jar. Then, the professor selects 14 random slips from the jar. Identify the kind of sample that is being used.

A pollster randomly samples 145 Democrats, 154 Republicans and 19 Independents (all registered voters) in Metro City and asks each poll participant which mayoral candidate he or she prefers. Identify the kind of sample that the pollster is using.

In a small town, 84% of the residents, aged 16 or more years old, own a car. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?

Choose the answer below that best completes the following statement. A _____________ is a number that describes a sample.

Determine which of the following describes nominal data. i. My favorite days of the week are Friday, Saturday, and Tuesday. ii. My favorite day of the week is Friday, my second-favorite is Saturday, and Third-favorite is Tuesday.

Determine which of the following describes qualitative data. i. the volume of a shipping container, in gallons ii. the name of the material from which the container is made iii. the shape of the container

An electronics manufacturer test every 50th cell phone to verify that it is functioning properly. Identify the kind of sample that is being used.

Determine which of the following describes quantitative data. i. the name of a chemical sample ii. the mass of a chemical sample iii. the color of a chemical sample

Which of the following sample types should you always regard as unreliable?

Choose the answer below that best completes the following statement. A ________ is a number that describes a population.

Determine which of the following describes ordinal data. i. My best friends are Georgia, Amithaba, and Raphael. ii. My favorite numbers are 2, 7 and 13.

Determine which of the following describes qualitative data. i. the make of the car with license plate number VNS-862 ii. the license plate number VNS-862 iii. the number of vehicles whose license plate number begins with "VNS"

In a recent poll, 64% of the respondents supported stricter gun laws. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?

Of the televisions offered at an electronics store, 42% cost less than $500.00. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?

Determine which of the following describes ordinal data. i. In the horse race, Betty's Girl won, Mr. Ed placed, and Wabash showed. ii. In the horse race, I bet on Betty's Girl to win, Mr. Ed to place, and Wabash to show.

Determine which of the following describes quantitative data. i. the length of an object in feet ii. the speed of an object in meters per second iii. the number of objects that are blue

In a survey of 1000 teenagers, 23% of them said they use tobacco products. Is this an example of statistic or a parameter?