Question 1

For infants of mothers who used heroin during their pregnancy,which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Heroin crosses the placenta and often results in a growth reduction and a baby that is small for gestational age.Infants usually have a lower-than-average birth weight.There is less of a risk of congenital anomalies.There is a 74-fold increased risk of SIDS.

Question 2

Which infant is at highest risk of neurological birth injuries?

Accepted Answer

Neurological injury in newborn infants is common with the increased survival of low-birth-weight (LBW)and VLBW infants;in addition,the lower the gestational age,the higher the risk for certain neurological injuries.

Question 3

What should the nurse be aware of concerning hemolytic diseases of the newborn?

Accepted Answer

An indirect Coombs' test may be performed on the mother a few times during pregnancy.Only the Rh-positive offspring of an Rh-negative mother is at risk.ABO incompatibility is more common than Rh incompatibility but causes less severe problems;significant anemia,for instance,is rare with ABO.Exchange transfers are needed infrequently because of the decrease in the incidence of severe hemolytic disease in newborns from Rh incompatibility.

Question 4

Which will the nurse observe when assessing a 2-week-old newborn with congenital hypothyroidism? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

Accepted Answer

Signs and symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism at birth include large anterior and posterior fontanels,a hoarse cry,and cyanosis.The infant will have constipation,not diarrhea.The infant will have bradycardia,not tachycardia.Dry mottled skin is a clinical manifestation,but it is not seen until age 6 to 9 weeks.

Question 5

Which would an infant diagnosed with erythroblastosis fetalis characteristically exhibit?

Accepted Answer

Erythroblastosis fetalis occurs when the fetus compensates for the anemia associated with Rh incompatibility by producing a large number of immature erythrocytes to replace those that have been hemolyzed.Edema would occur with hydrops fetalis,a more severe form of erythroblastosis fetalis.A fetus with hydrops fetalis may exhibit effusions into the peritoneal,pericardial,and pleural spaces.An infant with hydrops fetalis displays signs of ascites.

Question 6

Multiple genetic and,to a lesser extent,environmental factors may lead to the development of a cleft lip or palate.Which is a risk factor for cleft lip and palate?

Accepted Answer

The fetal and neonatal effects of maternal use of methamphetamines in pregnancy are not well known,and findings are often confounded by polydrug use and the effects of the newborn or child's environment.LBW,preterm birth,and anomalies such as cleft lip and palate and cardiac defects have been reported in infants exposed to methamphetamines in utero.Cleft lip is more common in male infants.The use of antibiotic and antispasmodic medications during pregnancy is not associated with the development of cleft lip or palate.

Question 7

Which will be present when assessing an infant with untreated phenylketonuria (PKU)?

Accepted Answer

Clinical manifestations in untreated PKU include failure to thrive (growth failure);frequent vomiting;irritability;hyperactivity;and unpredictable,erratic behaviour.Cognitive impairment is also evident and is a later sign.

Question 8

Which are potential maternal-fetal ABO incompatibilities? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

Accepted Answer

Potential incompatibilities include maternal blood group O with fetal blood group A or B;maternal blood group A with fetal blood group B or AB;and maternal blood group B with fetal blood group B or AB.

Question 9

When caring for a newborn that is experiencing withdrawal syndrome,which will the nurse assess for in the infant? Select all that apply.Express answer in small letters followed by a comma and a space-e.g. ,a,b,c

Accepted Answer

The newborn withdrawal syndrome has many clinical manifestations,including jitteriness,shrill and persistent cry,yawning and sneezing frequently,decreased Moro reflex and increased tendon reflex,poor feeding and sucking,tachypnea,vomiting,diarrhea,hypothermia,or hyperthermia and sweating.

Quiz 29: The Newborn at Risk: Acquired and Congenital Problems