Question 1

Around 4 months of age infants develop _, the process by which the visual cortex combines differing neural signals, resulting in depth perception. Around 7 months of age infants become sensitive to depth cues, which can be perceived by one eye alone.

Accepted Answer

Around 4 months of age, infants develop stereopsis, which is the process by which the visual cortex combines differing neural signals from both eyes to perceive depth. By around 7 months, infants become sensitive to monocular depth cues, which can be perceived by one eye alone.

Question 2

A newborn's first few months of life are dominated by:

Accepted Answer

Newborns primarily explore the world through oral exploration, as they have a strong sucking reflex and often put objects in their mouths to learn about them.

Question 3

Although Piaget claimed young infants could not mentally represent or think about anything that is not perceptually present, subsequent research has shown that young infants can represent invisible objects. Researchers have shown that infants as young as 3-1/2 to 4-1/2 months old look longer at impossible events than at possible events. This research procedure is known as:

Accepted Answer

The violation-of-expectancy procedure involves showing infants possible and impossible events to see if they look longer at the impossible ones, indicating surprise and suggesting they have some expectation of how the world should work.

Question 4

A young child is touched on the cheek and promptly turns his head to the side that was touched. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The rooting reflex is an automatic response in newborns where they turn their head toward the side of the cheek that is touched, helping them find a nipple for feeding.

Question 5

Children's hearing capabilities approach adult levels at:

Accepted Answer

Children's hearing capabilities typically reach adult levels between the ages of 5 to 8 years as their auditory system matures.

Question 6

What best explains the fact that vision has been the predominant focus of research into perception?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 50% of the cerebral cortex is involved in visual processing, highlighting the complexity and significance of vision in human perception, making it a predominant focus of research.

Question 7

Which development has been described as children no longer having "to wait for the world to come to them"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which development has been described as children...

Question 8

Of the following types of learning, which involves imitating the behavior of others?

Accepted Answer

Observational learning involves imitating the behavior of others.

Question 9

Baby Lynn, 2 months old, wants to get her hands on the rattle and other toys; however, all she can do is make very clumsy swiping movements in the general vicinity of the toys. This movement is known as:

Accepted Answer

Prereaching movements are the uncoordinated and clumsy swiping motions that infants make when trying to reach for objects, typical in very young infants like Baby Lynn.

Question 10

Which statement best reflects current views on motor development?

Accepted Answer

Current views on motor development suggest that it results from a combination of factors, including biological, environmental, and experiential influences, rather than being attributed to a single cause.

Question 11

Which is NOT important to the achievement of depth perception?

Accepted Answer

Object segregation is related to distinguishing objects from one another, not directly to depth perception.

Question 12

The ability of infants to explore an object manually enables:

Accepted Answer

Manual exploration allows infants to combine tactile and visual information, enhancing their understanding of objects.

Question 13

When reflexive, unlearned behavior becomes anticipatory in response to a recognized stimulus,
has occurred.

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a reflexive, unlearned behavior becomes anticipatory in response to a recognized stimulus.

Question 14

Which of the following is correct with respect to the stepping reflex?

Accepted Answer

The stepping reflex disappears as infants grow heavier and their muscles are not yet strong enough to support their weight, making it difficult for them to perform the reflex.

Question 15

At 6 months Ken has learned that if he presses a button on his toy phone it will play a song. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Ken's behavior of pressing the button to hear a song is an example of instrumental conditioning, where a behavior is learned based on the consequences (in this case, the song playing).

Question 16

An infant coming to appreciate that a flat surface is suitable for walking is an example of the discovery of:

Accepted Answer

An affordance is a property of an object that suggests how it can be used. In this case, the flat surface affords walking.

Question 17

Baby Miranda is participating in a visual cliff experiment. What skill must baby Miranda have already developed in order to show wariness of heights?

Accepted Answer

Self-locomotion is necessary for a baby to develop wariness of heights, as it allows them to experience and understand depth and distance through movement.

Question 18

Most neonatal reflexes:

Accepted Answer

Most neonatal reflexes disappear on a regular schedule as the infant's nervous system matures and voluntary control over movements develops.

Question 19

Intermodal perception refers to:

Accepted Answer

Intermodal perception is the process by which the brain integrates information from multiple sensory modalities, such as sight and sound, to form a coherent perception of the environment.

Question 20

An infant learning the association between tone of voice and facial expression is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of An infant learning the association between tone...

Quiz 5: Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy