Question 1

Myelin acts as a(n):

Accepted Answer

Myelin acts as an insulator for nerve fibers, allowing electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about working memory is true?

Accepted Answer

Working memory typically holds 7±2 items, so the range of 1 to 10 items is accurate.

Question 3

Myelination does all of the following processes
EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Myelination does all of the following processes
EXCEPT:
...

Question 4

When trying to remember something, individuals often focus only on the information that is most relevant to their current goal, while not focusing on other information. This is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Selective attention is the process of focusing on a particular object in the environment for a certain period of time while ignoring irrelevant information.

Question 5

Neural systems related to memory are widely distributed throughout the cortex.

Accepted Answer

Long-term memory systems are widely distributed throughout the cortex, involving multiple brain regions for storage and retrieval.

Question 6

The process of repeating information over and over again in order to remember it is considered by the information-processing approach.

Accepted Answer

Repetition is considered effective in the information-processing approach as it helps in encoding information into memory.

Question 7

The visual cortex is especially active in
memory for sights.

Accepted Answer

The visual cortex is responsible for processing visual information, so it is especially active when we are remembering sights.

Question 8

According to information-processing theories, which of the following lists is the typical problem-solving sequence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to information-processing theories, which of the...

Question 9

Children's general knowledge about vehicles is an example of information stored in:

Accepted Answer

Long-term memory stores information that is not currently being used but can be recalled when needed. Children's general knowledge about vehicles is an example of information stored in long-term memory.

Question 10

The capacity of which of the following components of memory increase(s) with development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The capacity of which of the following...

Question 11

Sensory memory refers to:

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the initial stage of memory where sights and sounds are briefly held in their raw form before being processed further.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the structures involved in the three types of memory is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about the...

Question 13

After 10-year-old Bryan's mother tells him his grandmother's phone number, to remember it while he goes to the phone to dial it, Bryan keeps repeating it to himself. Brian is utilizing:

Accepted Answer

Rehearsal is a memory strategy that involves repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about information to keep it in short-term memory, which is what Bryan is doing by repeating the phone number to himself.

Question 14

Information-processing theories place particular emphasis on:

Accepted Answer

Information-processing theories focus on the mechanisms and processes of change, emphasizing how cognitive processes develop and evolve over time.

Question 15

Working memory is also known as memory.

Accepted Answer

Working memory is often referred to as short-term memory because it involves the temporary storage and manipulation of information needed for cognitive tasks.

Question 16

Several times during Carmen's first week of school, she mistakenly opened the closet door when she meant to open the door to the bathroom. Which of the following explanations for Carmen's mistake is likely the best?

Accepted Answer

Carmen's repeated mistake suggests she has not yet encoded or memorized the specific location of the bathroom door, leading to confusion with the closet door.

Question 17

Which of the following components of memory has the smallest capacity and retention time?

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory has the smallest capacity and retention time, as it holds sensory information for a very brief period, typically less than a second.

Question 18

Encoding refers to:

Accepted Answer

Encoding refers to the process of representing features of objects in memory, which involves converting sensory input into a form that can be stored and recalled later.

Question 19

Which of the following behaviors is considered a basic process by information-processing theorists?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following behaviors is considered...

Question 20

Leslie is reading a sentence about cars. Which of the following items is likely to be in her working memory?

Accepted Answer

Working memory is a temporary storage system that holds information for a short period of time. It is used to store information that is currently being processed, such as the visual appearance of the letters c-a-r-s, the sound of the word "cars", and general knowledge about cars.

Quiz 4: Theories of Cognitive Development

Myelin acts as a(n) :