Question 1

After a lifetime of blindness, newly sighted people must learn to

Accepted Answer

Newly sighted people must learn to identify objects, judge sizes and distances, and interpret handwriting as they have no prior experience with visual stimuli. Therefore, the best choice is D, which encompasses all three options.

Question 2

While the brain automatically and continuously seeks meaningful patterns in the confusing mass of sensations, it cannot possibly "get it right" all the time, which often leads to​

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that the brain's attempt at seeking meaningful patterns can sometimes result in perceptual misconstructions. Therefore, the best choice is D) perceptual misconstructions. The other options (A, B, C) are not directly applicable to the given statement.

Question 3

Since many poisons disturb the vestibular system, vision, and the body and cause vomiting, we may have evolved so that we vomit when these systems are disturbed by

Accepted Answer

Vomiting is a defense mechanism to remove toxins or poisons from the body. Many poisons disrupt the vestibular system, which helps with balance and spatial orientation, and vision, causing sensory conflict. This sensory conflict then triggers vomiting to expel the poison and prevent further harm to the body. An endorphin rush, anosmia (loss of sense of smell), and sensory gating do not directly relate to the body's defense against poisoning.

Question 4

An American ophthalmologist designed a lopsided space so that it appears square when viewed from a certain angle, thereby, creating the illusion of a person growing in size as they move from one side of the space to the other.This lopsided space is called

Accepted Answer

The description given matches the characteristics of the Ames room, which is a distorted room that creates an optical illusion of a person growing or shrinking as they move from one side of the room to the other.

Question 5

Studies of people who have had their vision restored after a lifetime of blindness found that it takes time for these people to learn to organize their sensations into

Accepted Answer

Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information into meaningful patterns, so it would make sense that those who have had their vision restored after a lifetime of blindness would need time to learn how to perceive and organize their visual sensations into meaningful patterns.

Question 6

The segments of weightlessness for the film about astronauts were filmed in the special airplane unofficially nicknamed the "Vomit Comet," which explains what usually happens when this plane goes into its maneuvers to create weightlessness.The problems created by weightlessness are best explained by the __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The sensory conflict theory best explains the problems created by weightlessness, as it suggests that conflicting sensory information from the visual and vestibular systems can lead to motion sickness and other negative symptoms.

Question 7

Which of the following would be good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness?

Accepted Answer

All of these suggestions can help minimize motion sickness. Fixating on a distant immobile object can help stabilize visual input, moving the head as little as possible can reduce sensory conflict, and lying down can help reduce motion sensitivity.

Question 8

A meaningful mental model of external events that is actively created by your brain is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

The definition provided perfectly matches the concept of "perceptual construction," which refers to the active creation of a mental model of external events by the brain. Option A is incorrect because "attentional creation" refers to the active selection of information from the environment, while option C is incorrect because "sensational accommodation" is not a recognized concept in cognitive psychology. Finally, option D is incorrect as it suggests a passive process of assimilation, whereas perceptual construction involves active processing and interpretation of sensory data.

Question 9

Perceptual misconstruction is responsible for misleading or distorted perceptions known as

Accepted Answer

Perceptual misconstruction is the misinterpretation of sensory information, which can lead to illusions - misleading or distorted perceptions that do not correspond to reality. Hallucinations involve experiencing sensations that are not actually present, and physiological nystagmus refers to involuntary eye movements that can affect vision but are not related to perceptual misconstruction. Sensory habituation is the process by which the brain filters out repetitive or non-changing stimuli, which is also unrelated to perceptual misconstruction.

Question 10

After riding in the back seat of a car, making rapid turns along a winding road, you experience dizziness and nausea because

Accepted Answer

The semicircular canals in our inner ear play a key role in detecting changes in motion and balance. When we experience rapid turns along a winding road, the information from our semicircular canals and the rest of our body becomes inconsistent, leading to a sense of dizziness and nausea. Poisons building up in the system (choice B) and sensory overload from auditory and visual stimuli (choice C) are not the primary causes of this type of motion sickness. Kinesthetic receptors (choice D) may also be involved, but they would not lead to the inconsistency in sensory information that causes the symptoms of motion sickness.

Question 11

Which of the following would be good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness?

Accepted Answer

Fixing your vision on a distant immobile object can help reduce motion sickness as it will help stabilize the visual field and reduce the visual cues that contribute to motion sickness.

Question 12

One of the authors of your psychology textbook described what appeared to be an apparent murder, but it turned out to be something quite different.The girl's words that "someone is killing her father" had completely shaped the author's misperceptions.This illustrates that our experiences are filtered through our expectations and beliefs to form

Accepted Answer

The author's misperceptions were shaped by the girl's words, indicating that her expectations and beliefs filtered her experience to construct a different perception than what was actually happening. This aligns with the definition of perceptual constructions, which involve the way in which our perceptions are influenced by our expectations and beliefs.

Question 13

Many people have become nauseated from the simulator rides at amusement parks or even from playing video games because both of these

Accepted Answer

Simulator rides and video games create a sensory conflict by providing visual and/or auditory stimuli that do not match the body's sense of balance and movement. This can cause feelings of motion sickness, including nausea. Option A is incorrect because endorphins are not typically associated with motion sickness. Option C is incorrect because paradoxical intention refers to a therapeutic technique and is not relevant to this scenario. Option D is incorrect because the lock-and-key mechanism is not related to motion sickness.

Question 14

Like most experiences, seeing a "sunrise" is actually a mental model of an external event that is actively created by your brain.Thus, seeing a "sunrise" is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Seeing a "sunrise" is a perceptual construction because it is not a direct observation of the external event, but rather a creation of the brain's interpretation of the event based on sensory inputs.

Question 15

Some video games can cause motion sickness because the computer-generated visual images change as if the viewer's body is in motion, but the viewer is being "told" he or she is standing still by the __________ system.

Accepted Answer

The vestibular system is responsible for our sense of balance and spatial orientation. It consists of structures in the inner ear that detect changes in head position and movement. When we play video games that involve a lot of motion or movement on screen, our visual system can give our brain the illusion that we are in motion, but our vestibular system is telling us we are not moving. This mismatch between the two systems can cause motion sickness.

Question 16

A person usually becomes car sick or sea sick because

Accepted Answer

Car sickness and sea sickness are caused by conflicting signals from the visual, kinesthetic, and vestibular systems. These systems send different information to the brain about the body's movement and position, which can result in nausea, dizziness, and other symptoms.

Question 17

Physical properties of an object, such as length, position, motion, curvature, or direction, are consistently misjudged in

Accepted Answer

Illusions are when our perception of a physical property of an object is distorted or incorrect, such as in optical illusions where objects appear to be a different size or shape than they actually are. Hallucinations refer to perceiving things that are not actually present, and physiological nystagmus refers to an involuntary eye movement that can affect visual perception but does not necessarily involve misjudging physical properties of objects. Sensory habituations refer to a decrease in sensitivity to a particular stimulus over time, but this does not necessarily involve misjudging physical properties of objects.

Question 18

Which of the following is an evolutionary explanation for the development of motion sickness?

Accepted Answer

Motion sickness is thought to be an evolutionary response to the ingestion of neurotoxins, which can cause a sensory mismatch between the vestibular and visual systems, leading to nausea and vomiting to expel the toxins.

Question 19

In the textbook is a photomosaic by Robert Silver that is made up entirely of small, individual photos.An infant or newly sighted person would see only a jumble of meaningless colors.However, most people say that they see a familiar picture.This illustrates that visual perception involves

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates that the visual perception process involves finding meaningful patterns in complex stimuli, as most people are able to see a familiar picture in the photomosaic despite its individual small photos appearing as a jumble of meaningless colors to an infant or newly sighted person. The other options (A, C, and D) are not supported by the given scenario.

Question 20

Which of the following would be good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness?

Accepted Answer

Lying down can help minimize the signals to the brain that cause motion sickness by reducing the sensory input difference between what the eyes see and what the inner ear senses.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception.

After a lifetime of blindness, newly sighted people must learn to

While the brain automatically and continuously seeks meaningful patterns in the confusing mass of sensations, it cannot possibly "get it right" all the time, which often leads to​

Since many poisons disturb the vestibular system, vision, and the body and cause vomiting, we may have evolved so that we vomit when these systems are disturbed by

An American ophthalmologist designed a lopsided space so that it appears square when viewed from a certain angle, thereby, creating the illusion of a person growing in size as they move from one side of the space to the other.This lopsided space is called

Studies of people who have had their vision restored after a lifetime of blindness found that it takes time for these people to learn to organize their sensations into

Which of the following would be good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness?

A meaningful mental model of external events that is actively created by your brain is known as a(n)

Perceptual misconstruction is responsible for misleading or distorted perceptions known as

After riding in the back seat of a car, making rapid turns along a winding road, you experience dizziness and nausea because

Which of the following would be good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness?

Many people have become nauseated from the simulator rides at amusement parks or even from playing video games because both of these

Like most experiences, seeing a "sunrise" is actually a mental model of an external event that is actively created by your brain.Thus, seeing a "sunrise" is a(n)

Some video games can cause motion sickness because the computer-generated visual images change as if the viewer's body is in motion, but the viewer is being "told" he or she is standing still by the __________ system.

A person usually becomes car sick or sea sick because

Physical properties of an object, such as length, position, motion, curvature, or direction, are consistently misjudged in

Which of the following is an evolutionary explanation for the development of motion sickness?

In the textbook is a photomosaic by Robert Silver that is made up entirely of small, individual photos.An infant or newly sighted person would see only a jumble of meaningless colors.However, most people say that they see a familiar picture.This illustrates that visual perception involves

Which of the following would be good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness?

While the brain automatically and continuously seeks meaningful patterns in the confusing mass of sensations, it cannot possibly "get it right" all the time, which often leads to