Question 1

The likelihood that biological factors, especially brain chemicals, may be involved in mood disorders is suggested by

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of lithium carbonate in treating bipolar disorder is a strong indication that biological factors, specifically brain chemicals, may be involved in mood disorders. Lithium is believed to affect the levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which are thought to play a role in regulating mood.

Question 2

According to behavioral theory, depression is caused by

Accepted Answer

According to behavioral theory, depression is the result of learned helplessness, which occurs when individuals feel that they have no control over their environment or the outcomes of their actions. This belief can lead to feelings of hopelessness and helplessness, which are common symptoms of depression.

Question 3

Regarding the causes of mood disorders, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The probability of fraternal twins both having a depressive disorder is actually closer to 20-30%, not 50%. Therefore, statement D is false.

Question 4

Which theory holds that depression is caused by repressed anger turned inward as self-blame?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic theory posits that depression is caused by repressed anger turned inward as self-blame. This theory suggests that individuals with depression may have unresolved conflicts related to anger and frustration, which they internalize and turn into feelings of guilt and low self-worth.

Question 5

Factors that contribute to women's greater risk of depression include

Accepted Answer

All of these factors can contribute to women's greater risk of depression. Women are often expected to provide emotional support to others, which can be emotionally draining. Conflicts about birth control and pregnancy can lead to additional stress and anxiety. Women are also more likely to live in poverty, which can contribute to a range of mental health issues.

Question 6

Marian is very depressed.Her therapist tells her that her anger has been displaced and turned inward as self-blame and self-hate.Marian's therapist has explained Marian's depression, according to the __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic theory suggests that unconscious conflicts, repressed emotions, and early childhood experiences shape an individual's personality and behavior. Marian's therapist attributes her depression to the displacement of anger inward as self-blame and self-hate, which is a key concept in psychoanalytic theory. This explanation suggests that Marian's depression is rooted in unconscious psychological processes rather than external events or environmental factors, which is consistent with the psychoanalytic perspective.

Question 7

Regarding mood disorders, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is believed that imbalances in neurotransmitters such as serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine are involved in mood disorders. A is incorrect because humanistic theory focuses on the importance of self-awareness and personal growth, and does not specifically mention repressed anger as a cause of depression. B is incorrect because while learned helplessness is a component of some theories of depression, it is not specific to psychoanalytic theory. C is incorrect because the probability of both identical and fraternal twins being affected by depression is higher than the percentages stated here.

Question 8

Regarding depression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic theory is not widely accepted in the scientific community as a valid explanation for depression. Research does not support the idea that negative thoughts alone cause depression. While negative thinking patterns are often seen in people with depression, they are not the sole cause. Instead, a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors contributes to the development of depression.

Question 9

According to cognitive psychologists, depression is caused by

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to cognitive psychologists, depression is caused...

Question 10

Sierra constantly criticizes her appearance and her abilities and downplays her many accomplishments.These negative, self-defeating thoughts have led to her long-standing depression, according to the __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The cognitive theory suggests that negative thought processes, such as self-criticism and downplaying accomplishments, can lead to depression. This theory focuses on the role of thoughts and beliefs in shaping emotions and behavior.

Question 11

Negative, distorted, or self-defeating thoughts underlie depression, according to the __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The cognitive theory proposes that negative and distorted thoughts contribute to the development and maintenance of depression. This theory focuses on how a person's thought patterns and beliefs about themselves, others, and the future can lead to negative emotions and behaviors.

Question 12

By what percent are women more likely to experience depression than men?

Accepted Answer

Research shows that women are roughly twice as likely as men to experience depression. This translates to a 50% greater likelihood. Therefore, the correct answer is C (50 percent).

Question 13

Regarding the causes of mood disorders, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statement that depression produced from within, rather than as a reaction to life events, is said to be exogenous is false. Exogenous depression is actually caused by external factors, such as a traumatic life event, rather than by internal factors such as chemical imbalances in the brain.

Question 14

If one identical twin is depressed, what percent chance does the other twin have of suffering depression?

Accepted Answer

Identical twins share 100% of their genes, and studies have shown that if one identical twin is depressed, the other has about a 67% chance of also being depressed, indicating a strong genetic component to depression.

Question 15

If one fraternal twin is depressed, what percent chance does the other fraternal twin have of suffering depression?

Accepted Answer

Fraternal twins share only 50% of their genes, so the chance of one fraternal twin having depression if the other does is 19%.

Question 16

Jasmine has been very depressed.Her therapist utilizes aspects of mastery training to help her to overcome her learned helplessness.Jasmine's therapist is most likely a __________ therapist.

Accepted Answer

Mastery training is a form of behavioral therapy, which focuses on helping the individual develop a sense of control and mastery over their environment. This would suggest that Jasmine's therapist is most likely a behavioral therapist.

Question 17

According to the psychoanalytical theory, depression is caused by

Accepted Answer

According to the psychoanalytical theory, depression is caused by repressed anger that is turned inward as self-hate. This theory posits that individuals who internalize their anger and direct it towards themselves are at risk for developing depression.

Question 18

Depression is caused by learned helplessness, according to the __________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The behavioral theory suggests that depression is caused by learned helplessness, which occurs when an individual perceives that they have no control over their environment and are unable to change their circumstances. This leads to feelings of hopelessness and despair, which are hallmark symptoms of depression. Psychoanalytic theory focuses on unresolved conflicts from childhood experiences, while humanistic theory emphasizes the importance of self-actualization and personal growth. Cognitive theory is concerned with how an individual's thoughts and beliefs contribute to their emotional experiences, but it does not specifically address learned helplessness as a cause of depression.

Question 19

In the development of the more severe (major)mood disorders, which of the following seem(s)to play the largest role?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that biological factors, such as genetics and brain chemistry, play a significant role in the development of major mood disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder. Social factors and learned helplessness may also contribute, but they are not believed to be the primary cause. The role of anger in the development of mood disorders is less clear and may vary from person to person.

Question 20

Women are 50 percent more likely to experience depression than men, with the main reason for this difference being

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that social and environmental conditions play a significant role in the higher prevalence of depression in women compared to men. Factors such as discrimination, gender-based violence, unequal access to education and employment, and the burden of unpaid care work are some of the reasons why women are more vulnerable to depression. Hormonal levels and brain differences may also contribute to this disparity, but they are not the main reasons. Sex-linked traits do not explain the difference since depression is a mental health disorder that affects both genders.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders.

The likelihood that biological factors, especially brain chemicals, may be involved in mood disorders is suggested by

According to behavioral theory, depression is caused by

Regarding the causes of mood disorders, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which theory holds that depression is caused by repressed anger turned inward as self-blame?

Factors that contribute to women's greater risk of depression include

Marian is very depressed.Her therapist tells her that her anger has been displaced and turned inward as self-blame and self-hate.Marian's therapist has explained Marian's depression, according to the __________ theory.

Regarding mood disorders, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Regarding depression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

According to cognitive psychologists, depression is caused by

Sierra constantly criticizes her appearance and her abilities and downplays her many accomplishments.These negative, self-defeating thoughts have led to her long-standing depression, according to the __________ theory.

Negative, distorted, or self-defeating thoughts underlie depression, according to the __________ theory.

By what percent are women more likely to experience depression than men?

Regarding the causes of mood disorders, which of the following statements is FALSE?

If one identical twin is depressed, what percent chance does the other twin have of suffering depression?

If one fraternal twin is depressed, what percent chance does the other fraternal twin have of suffering depression?

Jasmine has been very depressed.Her therapist utilizes aspects of mastery training to help her to overcome her learned helplessness.Jasmine's therapist is most likely a __________ therapist.

According to the psychoanalytical theory, depression is caused by

Depression is caused by learned helplessness, according to the __________ theory.

In the development of the more severe (major) mood disorders, which of the following seem(s) to play the largest role?

Women are 50 percent more likely to experience depression than men, with the main reason for this difference being