Question 1

Normally, a violent behavior is restrained.If a person shows this violent behavior, the text suggests it may be a result of

Accepted Answer

Disinhibition refers to the weakening or loss of inhibitions or the lessening of self-restraint or control, which leads to an increase in impulsive and reckless behavior. If a person shows violent behavior, it could be due to disinhibition, which may result from various factors such as substance abuse, brain injury, or some mental illnesses that weaken inhibitions or impair judgment and decision-making abilities. Desensitization, on the other hand, refers to a phenomenon where individuals become less responsive or sensitive to stimuli over time, which may result in a reduced emotional reaction to violence. Sensitization means the opposite, where a person becomes overly sensitive to stimuli. Inhibition refers to the conscious or unconscious suppression of urges or impulses. While inhibition can prevent violent behavior, it is not a likely explanation for why someone is exhibiting violent behavior.

Question 2

Portrayal of aggression on television would be of particular theoretical concern to the

Accepted Answer

Social learning theorists study how individuals learn from observing and imitating others, making aggression portrayed on television a theoretical concern for them. They would argue that individuals may model aggressive behavior seen on TV and incorporate it into their own behavior.

Question 3

Social learning theory implies that watching a violent show or boxing match on TV

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory suggests that watching violence on TV can lead to the imitation of that behavior, therefore encouraging aggression rather than reducing it.

Question 4

One consequence of seeing aggression portrayed on TV or video games is a loss of one's emotional response to this violence, which is called

Accepted Answer

Desensitization. This term refers to a reduction in emotional responsiveness to violence or aggression as a result of repeated exposure to it in media, such as TV or video games. It can lead to individuals becoming more accepting or tolerant of violence and less likely to perceive it as harmful or inappropriate.

Question 5

The social learning theory of aggression explains that

Accepted Answer

The social learning theory of aggression suggests that people learn to be aggressive by observing and imitating aggressive models in their environment.

Question 6

Jennifer and her friends have been harassing the new girl in class by sending her hateful and threatening e-mails and posting horrible comments about her on Facebook.Jennifer and her friends are engaging in

Accepted Answer

Jennifer and her friends are using electronic means (e-mail and Facebook) to threaten and harass the new girl in class, which is a form of electronic aggression. Passive aggression refers to indirect expression of hostility, which is not the case here. The displacement effect regarding aggression refers to the phenomenon where being unable to express aggression towards the source of frustration, the aggression is displaced onto an easier target. The mean worldview is not a recognized concept in psychology that applies to this situation.

Question 7

According to social learning theory, TV violence often leads to children

Accepted Answer

According to social learning theory, children observe and imitate behavior they see on TV. If they see violence being rewarded or portrayed positively, they may learn new aggressive acts and incorporate them into their behavior.

Question 8

Regarding the effects of TV violence, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Research has shown that exposure to TV violence can actually lower inhibitions against acting out aggressive behaviors.

Question 9

Which theory of aggression is illustrated by the fact that children who are physically abused at home, those who suffer severe physical punishment, and those who merely witness violence in the community are more likely to be involved in fighting, aggressive play, and antisocial behavior at school?

Accepted Answer

The social learning theory suggests that individuals learn aggressive behavior through observation, imitation, and reinforcement. In the given scenario, children who experience or witness violence at home or in the community may learn and imitate those aggressive behaviors, leading to involvement in fighting, aggressive play, and antisocial behavior at school. This theory also suggests that individuals can unlearn or decrease aggressive behavior through different reinforcement schedules and alternative role models.

Question 10

Disinhibition to violence means

Accepted Answer

Disinhibition to violence refers to the reduction or loss of inhibitions that would normally prevent an individual from engaging in violent behavior. This can be due to a variety of factors such as drugs, alcohol, or the influence of others. It does not necessarily involve imitation, emotional insensitivity or learned helplessness. Therefore, option B is the best choice as it accurately describes the definition of disinhibition to violence.

Question 11

Desensitization to violence means that

Accepted Answer

Desensitization to violence means that there has been a reduction in emotional sensitivity towards violent behavior, often as a result of repeated exposure. This can lead to a decreased emotional response to violent behavior, making it seem more acceptable or normal. It does not necessarily lead to imitation of the behavior or an increase in emotional sympathy for the victims.

Question 12

Albert Bandura demonstrated in his studies that

Accepted Answer

Bandura's social learning theory posits that individuals, particularly children, learn new behaviors by observing models and through reinforcement. In his famous Bobo doll experiment, Bandura found that children who had observed an adult model behave aggressively towards a Bobo doll were significantly more likely to also behave aggressively towards the doll. This study provided support for the idea that observing aggressive behavior can lead to the learning and imitation of that behavior, rather than the existence of an innate aggressive drive.

Question 13

Which theory predicts that people growing up in nonaggressive cultures will be nonaggressive, while those raised in cultures with aggressive heroes and other aggressive models will develop aggressive responses?

Accepted Answer

This theory is known as social learning theory, which proposes that aggression is learned through observing and imitating the behavior of others, particularly those who are admired or rewarded for their aggressive behavior. The theory also suggests that people are more likely to engage in aggressive behavior if they are exposed to aggressive models, and that this exposure can occur through various media, such as television, movies, and video games.

Question 14

Regarding statistics on the aggressiveness of the culture in the United States, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statistic that approximately 70 percent of the U.S. population own at least one firearm is false. While there is no exact number, estimates suggest that around 30 percent of the population owns a firearm.

Question 15

Jeremy is watching a TV program that portrays violence as an acceptable way of dealing with problems.This message may

Accepted Answer

The TV program portraying violence as an acceptable way of dealing with problems may lower Jeremy's inhibitions against acting out hostile feelings. This can increase the likelihood of Jeremy engaging in violent behavior or resorting to violence as a means of addressing a problem or situation. However, there is no evidence to suggest that it may increase Jeremy's emotional sensitivity to violent acts or decrease aggressive urges by releasing pent-up frustrations.

Question 16

Regarding social learning theory and aggression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

According to social learning theory, biological factors do not play a significant role in the development of aggression, as it emphasizes the role of environmental factors such as modeling and socialization. However, frustration is considered a potential trigger for aggression in some situations.

Question 17

A mother who is searching for an explanation for the increased aggression in her six-year-old child would be advised by social learning theorists that such aggression is

Accepted Answer

Social learning theorists suggest that children learn behavior through observation and imitation of others. They may imitate parents, siblings, peers, or media figures. Therefore, the increased aggression in the six-year-old child may be a result of observing and imitating an aggressive model.

Question 18

Which of the following demonstrated in his studies that children may learn new aggressive actions by watching violent or aggressive behavior, or they may learn that violence is "okay"?

Accepted Answer

Albert Bandura's studies on observational learning and social cognitive theory demonstrated that children may learn new aggressive actions by watching violent or aggressive behavior, or they may learn that violence is "okay".

Question 19

By playing violent videogames and watching TV programs in which his superheroes fight the villains, Anton is likely to experience

Accepted Answer

By continuously being exposed to violent imagery, Anton is likely to become desensitized to violence. This means that he may begin to view violent behaviors as more acceptable or normal and may be less likely to feel empathy or react negatively to violent situations. Research has shown that individuals who regularly consume violent media are more likely to engage in aggressive behaviors themselves, as they have become desensitized to the consequences of violence.

Question 20

The Internet is of special concern because it not only allows children to vicariously experience violence but also allows them to directly engage in cyberbullying or harassment of others, which is also referred to as

Accepted Answer

Electronic aggression is the term used to refer to cyberbullying or harassment that children engage in on the internet. It is a form of direct engagement in aggressive behavior, which is a concern for child development and well-being.

Quiz 17: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.