Question 1

A _____ is a community-based program in which youths sentence their peers for minor delinquent and status offenses.

Accepted Answer

Youth court is a community-based program in which youths sentence their peers for minor delinquent and status offenses. Disposition hearings are formal court proceedings to determine the outcome of a case after a finding of guilt. Drug court is a specialized court program designed to provide treatment and rehabilitation rather than punishment for drug offenders. Certification refers to transferring a juvenile case to adult criminal court.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the types of juvenile cases that trigger court intervention in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Juveniles deceiving their parents is not a type of juvenile case that triggers court intervention in the United States. The other three choices (juveniles as victims, juvenile delinquency, and conduct in need of supervision) are all examples of cases that can lead to court involvement.

Question 3

During the latter part of the 18th century, children younger than __________ were deemed incapable of mens rea or establishing the intent to commit an act, and were exempt from criminal liability in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the latter part of the 18th...

Question 4

The intake process is highly

Accepted Answer

The intake process is subjective because it involves personal judgments and opinions in assessing an individual's needs, risks, and circumstances.

Question 5

Which disposition is most often used by judges when formally adjudicating juvenile delinquency cases?

Accepted Answer

Probation is the most common disposition used by judges in juvenile delinquency cases. It allows the juvenile to remain in the community under supervision, aiming to correct behavior without incarceration.

Question 6

For the most serious and violent juvenile cases, all states have provisions for the ______________ of jurisdiction from juvenile courts to adult courts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the most serious and violent juvenile...

Question 7

Criminal liability is based on the concept of _____, which is Latin for "a guilty mind."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Criminal liability is based on the concept...

Question 8

In the case of ___________, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that juveniles must be given four due process rights in adjudication proceedings that can result in confinement in an institution where their freedom would be curtailed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the case of ___________, the U.S....

Question 9

Rather than a trial, a juvenile has a(n) _____________hearing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rather than a trial, a juvenile has...

Question 10

Which of the following cases limited the rights of juveniles?

Accepted Answer

Schall v. Martin was a case in 1984 that limited the rights of juveniles by allowing for pretrial detention without bail for certain offenses, which raised concerns about due process and equal protection for juvenile defendants. Kent v. United States and In re Gault expanded the rights of juveniles, while Roper v. Simmons prohibited the use of the death penalty for juveniles.

Question 11

An adult proceeding is called a trial; the juvenile version is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A juvenile proceeding is called an adjudication, which is the equivalent of a trial in the adult system. A petition is the initial document filed to begin a juvenile proceeding, a citation is a summons to appear in court, and a disposition is the sentence or outcome of the juvenile case.

Question 12

In recent years, it has been determined that roughly 25% of juvenile offenders have been placed in __________settings such as training schools, detention, inpatient drug treatment, and so forth.

Accepted Answer

The question asks for the type of setting in which juvenile offenders have been placed, and the options provided include nonpunitive, correctional, residential, and nonresidential. The most appropriate answer is C (residential) as it includes specific settings where juvenile offenders can be placed, such as training schools and inpatient drug treatment facilities, which are considered to be residential settings. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 13

If a juvenile is found to have engaged in the conduct alleged in the petition, the ________ stage follows.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a juvenile is found to have...

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT considered to be a risk factor leading to juvenile delinquency?

Accepted Answer

Helicopter parents are not considered a risk factor leading to juvenile delinquency. In fact, overinvolved or overprotective parents are generally seen as a protective factor, not a risk factor, in preventing delinquent behavior. The other options listed - low self-control, learning disability, and living in an impoverished area - are all recognized risk factors for juvenile delinquency.

Question 15

Underage drinking is an example of a ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Underage drinking is an example of a...

Question 16

In reference to the famous In re Gault (1967) Supreme Court case, the court held that juveniles must be given reasonable notice of charges and which of the following basic due process rights during adjudication proceedings can result in confinement in an institution?

Accepted Answer

The right to counsel, appointed by the state if the juvenile is indigent, is the due process right that can result in confinement in an institution during adjudication proceedings. A jury trial and the right to a speedy trial are not guaranteed in juvenile proceedings, and freedom from cruel and unusual punishment is a constitutional protection against excessive or inhumane punishment.

Question 17

Intake is a term unique to juvenile justice to describe a case _______ process to determine if the juvenile should proceed further into the juvenile justice system or whether other diversion alternatives are better suited for the juvenile.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Intake is a term unique to juvenile...

Question 18

The idea that the juvenile justice system does what is best for the child's welfare and safety is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The idea that the juvenile justice system...

Question 19

_____ allows courts to impose juvenile or adult punishment on young offenders, creating a "middle ground" between traditional juvenile and adult sanctions.

Accepted Answer

Blended sentencing allows courts to impose both juvenile and adult punishment on young offenders, depending on the nature and severity of the crime committed. This approach creates a "middle ground" between traditional juvenile and adult sanctions, and allows judges to tailor the punishment to fit the individual circumstances of the case.

Question 20

______________ give judges the power to choose from a wider assortment of punishments and impose one that best fits the offense committed. They also narrow the gap between juvenile and adult punishments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ give judges the power to choose...

Quiz 13: Juvenile Justice, Probation, and Parole