Question 1

If you cannot list all the individuals in the population,then you cannot take a simple random sample.

Accepted Answer

A simple random sample requires that every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected. If you do not know or cannot list all the individuals in the population, it becomes impossible to ensure that every individual has an equal chance of being selected.

Question 2

Stratified random sampling is used instead of simple random sampling when a researcher wants to ensure that the sample has specified characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups, or strata, based on certain characteristics, and then randomly selecting participants from each stratum. This is done to ensure that the sample represents the diversity of the population on those specific characteristics, rather than relying on chance in a simple random sample.

Question 3

The most commonly used sampling methods in psychology are nonprobability sampling methods.

Accepted Answer

Nonprobability sampling methods, such as convenience sampling and snowball sampling, are commonly used in psychology because they are less time-consuming and less expensive than probability sampling methods. However, they may introduce bias into the sample and limit the generalizability of the results.

Question 4

Simple random sampling without replacement means that the likelihood of selecting one specific individual will depend on which other individuals are selected for the sample.

Accepted Answer

In simple random sampling without replacement, once an individual is selected for the sample, they are removed from the population and cannot be selected again. This means that the likelihood of selecting another individual will be affected by which individuals have already been selected, making it dependent on the sample.

Question 5

It is always necessary to have at least 25-30 participants in a study.

Accepted Answer

The number of participants required in a study depends on the research question, study design, and statistical power analysis. While 25-30 participants may be sufficient for some studies, others may require larger sample sizes to achieve adequate statistical power and ensure reliable results.

Question 6

Selection bias is likely to produce a sample with characteristics that are noticeably different from those in the population.

Accepted Answer

Selection bias occurs when the way in which participants are selected for a study or survey results in a sample that is not representative of the population. As a result, the characteristics of the sample may be significantly different from those of the population as a whole.

Question 7

When the goal of a research study is to describe and compare different subgroups in a known population,the best strategy is to use proportionate stratified random sampling.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the goal of a research study...

Question 8

Convenience sampling involves selecting individuals who are easy to recruit.

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling is based on the ease of selecting participants rather than randomization or other methods that ensure representativeness of the sample. Therefore, individuals who are easy to recruit are deliberately chosen for the study.

Question 9

When a researcher does not know the exact number of individuals in the population but still wants to control the composition of a sample,the best technique is to use quota sampling.

Accepted Answer

Quota sampling is a technique used when the researcher does not know the exact number of individuals in the population but still wants to control the composition of a sample. The sample is constructed to reflect the proportions of certain subgroups or characteristics present in the population.

Question 10

Although proportionate stratified sampling involves selecting individuals from predetermined subgroups of the population,it does not guarantee that each subgroup in the sample will have a large number of individuals.

Accepted Answer

Proportionate stratified sampling aims to select individuals from predetermined subgroups in proportion to their representation in the population. However, the size of each subgroup in the sample may not necessarily be large, as it depends on the size of the subgroup in the population and the overall sample size.

Question 11

Stratified random sampling and quota sampling are both classified in the category of probability sampling techniques.

Accepted Answer

Stratified random sampling is a probability sampling technique where the population is divided into different subgroups or strata, and samples are randomly selected from each stratum. Quota sampling, on the other hand, is a non-probability sampling technique where the sample is chosen to reflect certain characteristics of the population, but not randomly.

Question 12

A large sample is generally more representative than a small sample.

Accepted Answer

A larger sample size reduces the potential for random error and increases the likelihood that the sample represents the population accurately.

Question 13

Simple random sampling guarantees that the sample will be representative of the population.

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling does not guarantee that the sample will be representative of the population, as it relies on chance and can still result in a biased sample if there is significant variability within the population.

Question 14

One advantage of simple random sampling with replacement is that the likelihood of selecting one specific individual does not depend on which other individuals are selected for the sample.​

Accepted Answer

In simple random sampling with replacement, each individual in the population has an equal probability of being selected for the sample, and the selection of one individual does not affect the probability of selecting another individual. Therefore, the likelihood of selecting one specific individual does not depend on which other individuals are selected for the sample.

Question 15

There is a strong possibility that a convenience sample will be biased.

Accepted Answer

A convenience sample is a non-random sample that is selected based on ease of access or availability. This type of sample is more likely to include individuals who are easily accessible or willing to participate, which can result in a sample that is not representative of the population being studied. This can lead to bias in the results.

Question 16

When a researcher wants a sample to accurately represent the composition of the population,the best strategy is to use stratified random sampling.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a researcher wants a sample to...

Question 17

The accessible population is a subset of the target population.

Accepted Answer

The accessible population is a smaller group within the target population that can be feasibly accessed and sampled.

Question 18

When a researcher does not know the exact number of individuals in the population,it is necessary to use a nonprobability sampling method.

Accepted Answer

Nonprobability sampling methods are often used when the population size is unknown, and the researcher cannot access a complete list or sampling frame of the population. Probability sampling methods require a sampling frame or complete list of the population, which may not be available in some cases.

Question 19

Stratified and proportionate stratified sampling both involve selecting individuals from predetermined subgroups in the population.

Accepted Answer

Both stratified and proportionate stratified sampling involve dividing the population into subgroups and selecting individuals from each subgroup. The difference is that in proportionate stratified sampling, the size of the sample taken from each subgroup is proportional to the size of the subgroup, while in stratified sampling, the sample size from each subgroup may be equal or different depending on the research objectives.

Question 20

Using a simple random sample eliminates bias from the selection process.

Accepted Answer

Using a simple random sample ensures that every member of the population has an equal chance of being included. This reduces the likelihood of bias in the selection process.

Quiz 5: Selecting Research Participants.