Question 1

It may not be ethical simply to bar some potential participants from the programs when ______.

Accepted Answer

When evaluating an ongoing entitlement program, it's unethical to bar potential participants because these programs are designed to provide benefits to all who are eligible, and excluding some could undermine the program's integrity and fairness.

Question 2

______ designs are the most powerful alternatives to true randomized experimental designs.

Accepted Answer

Quasi-experimental designs attempt to control for extraneous variables and mimic the random assignment of subjects to groups found in true experimental designs. They are useful when true randomization is not feasible or ethical. The other options, while also important in program evaluation, do not serve as a powerful alternative to randomized experimental designs.

Question 3

Human subjects' considerations multiply when the focus is ______.

Accepted Answer

When the focus is on program impact, considerations regarding human subjects multiply because assessing the impact of a program often involves direct interaction with individuals, monitoring their responses, and evaluating outcomes that affect their lives. This necessitates careful ethical considerations, informed consent, and protection of participants' rights and well-being.

Question 4

The process of evaluation research is a simple systems model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of evaluation research is a...

Question 5

The primary reason why randomization is likely not possible in evaluation research is that ______.

Accepted Answer

Randomization involves assigning participants or cases into different groups randomly in order to reduce bias and increase the accuracy of the results. However, in evaluation research, the program being evaluated is often already in place and outside the control of the evaluator. As a result, the evaluator cannot randomly assign individuals to a treatment group and a control group. Instead, they may have to use quasi-experimental designs or non-experimental designs to evaluate the program.

Question 6

Evaluation research is a unique component of research designs.

Accepted Answer

Evaluation research is not a unique component of research designs but rather a type of research itself, aimed at assessing the effectiveness of programs, policies, or interventions.

Question 7

Data obtained from a true experimental design provide the best way to determine that ______.

Accepted Answer

A true experimental design includes random assignment, manipulation of an independent variable, and control over extraneous variables. These three criteria are necessary for establishing a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Therefore, data obtained from a true experimental design provide the best way to determine that all three criteria necessary for establishing a causal relationship have been shown. Option A is true as well but does not encompass all three criteria. Option B is incorrect because time ordering is essential for determining causality. Option D is incorrect as random assignment is crucial in a true experimental design.

Question 8

If an investigation of program process is constructed, a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

If an investigation of program process is constructed, it is appropriate to develop a program theory to guide the research. This theory should identify the key components of the program and explain how they are expected to work together to achieve the intended outcomes. The other options (A, C, and D) may also be relevant to the investigation but are not directly related to the construction of the investigation.

Question 9

The direct products of the program's service delivery process are its outputs.

Accepted Answer

The direct products or outputs of a program's service delivery process are the tangible and intangible results of the program's activities, such as services provided or goals achieved. These outputs are the immediate outcomes of the program's efforts and are intended to contribute to the overall goal or mission of the program.

Question 10

An orientation to evaluation research that expects researchers to respond to concerns of people involved with stakeholders as well as to the standards and goals of the social scientific community are known as ______ approaches.

Accepted Answer

Integrated approaches expect researchers to respond to concerns of people involved with stakeholders as well as to the standards and goals of the social scientific community.

Question 11

The clustering of violent crime at particular locations suggests that there are important features or dynamics at these locations that ______.

Accepted Answer

The clustering of violent crime at particular locations implies that certain factors or dynamics at these locations give rise to violent situations.

Question 12

The difference between evaluation research and traditional social science research is that evaluation research is designed to test the implications of a social theory.

Accepted Answer

Evaluation research is primarily focused on assessing the effectiveness of programs, policies, or interventions, rather than testing social theories. Traditional social science research often aims to test or develop theories.

Question 13

______ approaches emphasize the importance of researcher expertise

Accepted Answer

Social science approaches emphasize the importance of researcher expertise in conducting research and drawing conclusions based on the scientific method. Social scientists are trained to use sound research methods and statistical analyses to produce unbiased and reliable results. This expertise is essential in ensuring that research findings are valid and trustworthy.

Question 14

A quasi-experimental design is the preferred method for maximizing internal validity.

Accepted Answer

A quasi-experimental design often lacks random assignment, which is crucial for maximizing internal validity. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are typically considered the gold standard for this purpose.

Question 15

Educational and vocational training opportunities in prison, the availability of legal counsel, and treatment for substance abuse are all potentially important benefits, and an evaluation research project ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Educational and vocational training opportunities in prison,...

Question 16

______ approaches encourage researchers to be responsive to people who are involved with the program.

Accepted Answer

Stakeholder approaches emphasize the importance of engaging with and responding to the needs and perspectives of those who are involved or affected by a particular program or intervention. This can help to ensure that the research is relevant and responsive to real-world needs, and can also help to build stronger relationships and partnerships between researchers and stakeholders. Social science, integrative, and entrepreneurial approaches may also have some focus on stakeholder engagement, but it is not the primary emphasis of these frameworks.

Question 17

By the mid-1970s, evaluators were called on not only to assess the overall effectiveness of programs but also to determine ______.

Accepted Answer

Evaluators were called on to assess whether programs were being implemented as intended, in addition to assessing overall effectiveness.

Question 18

The goal of policy research is to inform those who make policy about ______.

Accepted Answer

Policy research aims to provide information and analysis about a particular issue, problem or challenge, and suggest alternative courses of action to policymakers. It is not limited to only presenting positive or negative effects, as it is important to consider all factors when making decisions that impact society. Additionally, taking a less rigorous design would not preserve noneffectiveness but rather would lead to unreliable and inaccurate results.

Question 19

Because Taylor and Woods (2010) could not randomly assign LEAs to experimental and control conditions, they used a(n) ______ design.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because Taylor and Woods (2010) could not...

Question 20

One private organization that has become a leader in publicizing reviews related to criminal justice policy research is the ______.

Accepted Answer

The Campbell Collaboration is a private organization that focuses on publicizing reviews related to criminal justice policy research. They are known for their rigorous and systematic approach to synthesizing research in this field. The other choices (A, B, and C) may be actual organizations, but they are not known for their focus on criminal justice policy research or publicizing reviews in this area.

Quiz 10: Evaluation and Policy Analysis