Question 1

The Seattle Longitudinal Study that focused on crystallised and fluid intelligence assessed participants in which of the following areas of cognitive ability?

Accepted Answer

The Seattle Longitudinal Study assessed participants in the areas of verbal ability, inductive reasoning, and verbal memory, which all fall under the umbrella of crystallised and fluid intelligence. Option A pertains to Piagetian tasks, option B pertains to cognitive psychology, and option C pertains to various forms of creative and logical reasoning.

Question 2

____ is the type of intelligence that involves information processing abilities such as short-term memory, ability to discern relations between visual stimuli and speed of synthesising new information, whereas ____ represents the accumulation of a person's culturally based knowledge, language and understanding of social conventions.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence involves information processing abilities that are not based on prior knowledge or experience, such as short-term memory and speed of synthesising new information. Crystallised intelligence, on the other hand, involves the accumulation of a person's culturally based knowledge, language and understanding of social conventions.

Question 3

What type of intelligence represents the accumulation of a person's culturally based knowledge, language and understanding of social conventions?

Accepted Answer

Crystallised intelligence represents the accumulation of a person's culturally based knowledge, language and understanding of social conventions. It involves the ability to use skills, knowledge, and experience. It improves with age and experience, as individuals acquire new information and vocabulary throughout their lives. G-intelligence refers to general intelligence, while fluid intelligence refers to the ability to reason and problem solve in novel situations. Multiple intelligences theory suggests that there are many different types of intelligences, beyond just verbal and mathematical abilities.

Question 4

In the Seattle Longitudinal Study, the one test that showed an unmistakable decline from young to middle adulthood was the test of ____.

Accepted Answer

The Seattle Longitudinal Study found perceptual speed to be the one test that showed a decline from young to middle adulthood. Creativity and hypothetical deductive intelligence were found to remain stable or even improve during this time period, while crystallised intelligence showed a decline in later adulthood.

Question 5

The Seattle Longitudinal Study examined crystallised and fluid intelligence across the lifespan. What did the study find regarding perceptual speed? It

Accepted Answer

The Seattle Longitudinal Study found that perceptual speed declines steeply throughout the adult years.

Question 6

The results of the Seattle Longitudinal Study discovered that many aspects of intelligence reach their peak during which developmental period?

Accepted Answer

The Seattle Longitudinal Study found that many aspects of intelligence reach their peak during midlife, around the ages of 40-60.

Question 7

According to the text, the best information on the course of fluid and crystallised intelligence through adulthood comes from the ____.

Accepted Answer

The text states that "the best information on the course of fluid and crystallised intelligence through adulthood comes from the Seattle Longitudinal Study."

Question 8

In Cattell's theory, fluid intelligence is a ____ quality of the nervous system and cannot be trained or taught.

Accepted Answer

According to Cattell's theory, fluid intelligence is a biologically based quality of the nervous system and cannot be trained or taught. It is believed to be largely influenced by genetics and is less influenced by environmental factors.

Question 9

You were playing a speed-based card game with your 64-year-old grandfather. The object of the game is to get rid of your cards as fast as you can. Once the first card is turned over, each player tries to play by deciding which pile to play his or her card. When you were younger, your grandfather always beat you in this game. Now, you always beat him. What is probably happening? Your grandfather is experiencing a slight decline in ____.

Accepted Answer

Perceptual speed is the ability to quickly and accurately process visual information. As people age, their perceptual speed tends to decline, which can make it harder to play a speed-based card game. This decline in perceptual speed is likely why the grandfather is no longer able to beat the younger player. Numeric ability, spatial orientation, and crystallized intelligence are all different types of cognitive abilities and are not as directly related to speed-based card games as perceptual speed.

Question 10

Which of the three measures of fluid intelligence decline steeply throughout adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Perceptual speed is the measure of fluid intelligence that declines steeply throughout adulthood. Numeric ability and spatial orientation also decline with age, but not as steeply as perceptual speed. Vocabulary is a measure of crystallized intelligence, which actually increases throughout adulthood.

Question 11

According to the Seattle Longitudinal Study, when does crystallised intelligence reach its peak?

Accepted Answer

The Seattle Longitudinal Study found that crystallised intelligence, which refers to knowledge and skills accumulated over time, typically peaks in midlife, around the age of 40-60 years old.

Question 12

When does crystallised intelligence peak?

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to the ability to use knowledge and experience that has been acquired over time. This type of intelligence continues to develop throughout life, but research suggests that it tends to peak sometime during middle adulthood, typically in the 40s or 50s. After this point, the rate of decline in crystallized intelligence is typically slower than the decline in fluid intelligence, which refers to the ability to reason and solve new problems.

Question 13

Which of the following individuals is in a job that requires having high fluid intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following individuals is in...

Question 14

You notice that you are very quick to respond to the changing conditions in a new video game that you just bought. In fact, you are better at responding and adapting to the scenery and demands of the game than your friends who bought and started playing the game two weeks ago. What type of intelligence are you tapping into?

Accepted Answer

The ability to quickly respond and adapt to changing conditions in a new video game requires the use of fluid intelligence, which is the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations. This type of intelligence is not dependent on prior learning or experience, which is why the individual in this scenario is able to perform better than their friends who have been playing the game for two weeks.

Question 15

A person's vocabulary, cultural information stored in long-term memory and logical reasoning abilities are examples of ____.

Accepted Answer

Crystallised intelligence refers to the knowledge and skills acquired through education and experience, such as vocabulary and cultural information stored in long-term memory.

Question 16

As illustrated by the results of the Seattle Longitudinal Study, which of the following would be predicted to decline from young adulthood to middle adulthood?

Accepted Answer

The Seattle Longitudinal Study found that perceptual speed declined from young adulthood to middle adulthood.

Question 17

Your grandmother tells you about how things were in the 'Old Country' when she was a child before she moved with her family to the United States. Your grandmother's recollections of cultural information are examples of her ____.

Accepted Answer

Crystallised intelligence refers to the knowledge and skills that a person has acquired through experience and education. In this scenario, the grandmother's recollections of cultural information from her childhood in the 'Old Country' demonstrate her crystallised intelligence.

Question 18

What type of intelligence includes the person's vocabulary, cultural information stored in long-term memory and logical reasoning abilities?

Accepted Answer

Crystallised intelligence involves the use of learned knowledge and experience, such as vocabulary and cultural information, which are stored in long-term memory.

Question 19

What study began with a sample of over 5,000 young and middle adults in 1956 and continues to this day?

Accepted Answer

The Seattle Longitudinal Study began with a sample of over 5,000 young and middle adults in 1956 and has continued to follow up with participants over the course of their lifetimes. Terman's Longitudinal Study focused on gifted children, the New York Longitudinal Study focused on child development, and Binet's Longitudinal Study focused on cognitive development in children.

Question 20

Fluid intelligence is proposed to be based upon one's ____, whereas crystallised intelligence is proposed to be based upon one's ____.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence is proposed to be based upon one's biology, specifically the efficiency of their neural processing and speed of information processing. On the other hand, crystallized intelligence is proposed to be based upon one's culture, including their education and life experiences which shape their knowledge and skills.

Quiz 11: Middle Adulthood