Question 1

Physical therapists are usually concerned with large muscle movement while occupational therapists are more often involved with fine motor function and activities of daily living.

Accepted Answer

This statement is generally true as physical therapy often focuses on gross motor skills and mobility while occupational therapy emphasizes fine motor skills, activities of daily living, and functional independence. However, there can be overlap between the two professions depending on the individual needs of the patient.

Question 2

If you were asked to prepare a lesson involving the development of gross motor skills, which of the following would not be considered?

Accepted Answer

Outlining with stencils or templates is an activity that primarily focuses on fine motor skills development, not gross motor skills. The other options - walking on a balance beam, throwing a ball to a partner, and playing "Simon Says" - all involve gross motor skills such as balance, coordination, and large muscle movements.

Question 3

In the preschool years, girls appear to perform better on fine motor tasks while boys tend to be more adept at large motor tasks.

Accepted Answer

This statement is supported by research that shows that girls tend to have more developed fine motor skills, such as using pencils and scissors, while boys tend to excel at activities that involve running, jumping, and throwing. However, it is important to note that there is always variability and individual differences within each gender.

Question 4

Growth and development tend to proceed from the outer extremities to the spine.

Accepted Answer

Growth and development tend to proceed from the central part of the body (the spine) towards the outer extremities. This pattern is known as the proximodistal trend.

Question 5

The focus of therapeutic intervention has shifted from developmental goals to functional independence.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. In the past, therapeutic intervention focused on achieving developmental milestones, but now the emphasis is on helping individuals with disabilities gain skills and abilities that will enable them to function independently in their daily lives. This approach is often referred to as functional therapy or functional rehabilitation.

Question 6

The most useful way to assess motor skills primarily involves

Accepted Answer

The most useful way to assess motor skills is through observation. This allows for a more accurate and personalized assessment of an individual's motor skills, as opposed to norm-referenced or standardized tests, which may not take into account individual differences or unique challenges. Criterion-referenced tests may also be useful, but observation still allows for a more comprehensive understanding of an individual's motor skills.

Question 7

The rate and quality of physical and motor development are influenced most by

Accepted Answer

Physical and motor development are influenced by both physiological maturation (genetic factors) and environmental factors. Age can also play a role in development, but it is not the most significant factor. Internal motivation may influence skill acquisition and performance, but it is not a primary factor in determining physical and motor development.

Question 8

Research reveals a significant relationship between visual-perceptual training and improved academic performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research reveals a significant relationship between visual-perceptual...

Question 9

The fact that children increasingly learn to eliminate unnecessary body movement demonstrates which of the following basic principles of growth?

Accepted Answer

The principle of maximum to minimum muscle involvement explains how children initially use more muscles than necessary for tasks and gradually learn to use only the muscles needed, reducing unnecessary body movement.

Question 10

A child who is hypotonic is often called a child who is "floppy."

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Children who are hypotonic often have reduced muscle tone and may seem "floppy" or weak, especially in their limbs.

Question 11

Apgar scores indicate the intelligence levels of newborns.

Accepted Answer

Apgar scores are a standardized method used to quickly assess the physical health of newborns and do not indicate intelligence levels. The score assesses heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflexes, and color at one and five minutes after birth.

Question 12

Hand dominance is often not achieved until the age of

Accepted Answer

While some children may establish hand dominance earlier, the majority achieve it at around age 6. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 13

"When the teacher points to any of the eight primary colors, and says, 'What is this color?' Audrey will name the color correctly 80% of the time. "All 8 colors must be checked" is a (n)

Accepted Answer

The answer of "When the teacher points to any of...

Question 14

How does a child who experiences tactile defensiveness react to being touched?

Accepted Answer

Children with tactile defensiveness often perceive touch as threatening or uncomfortable, leading them to feel in danger or anxious when touched.

Question 15

The pattern of voluntary movement that begins in the shoulder, then moves on to the elbow area, wrist, and finally the fingers is called the

Accepted Answer

The proximo-distal pattern refers to the order in which voluntary movements develop, starting from the center of the body and moving outward (proximal to distal). In terms of the upper extremities, this means that movements begin in the shoulder area and progress in a proximal to distal direction, eventually reaching the fingers.

Question 16

A useful technique to employ when teaching self-help skills is

Accepted Answer

Reverse chaining is a useful technique for teaching self-help skills, such as dressing or toileting, to individuals with disabilities. With reverse chaining, the teacher completes all but the last step of the task, allowing the student to complete the final step independently. This way, the student is still involved in the process of the task and receives reinforcement for completing the task, while also building towards independence in completing the entire task.

Question 17

Creating short term behavior objectives are not necessary to prevent children from experiencing failure.

Accepted Answer

Short term behavior objectives can help children set achievable goals and prevent them from experiencing failure by breaking down larger tasks into more manageable steps.

Question 18

If you were asked to prepare a lesson involving the development of fine motor skills, which of the following would not be considered?

Accepted Answer

Kicking a ball toward a target primarily involves gross motor skills, which involve large muscle movements. The other options listed involve activities that promote the development of fine motor skills, which involve small muscle movements.

Question 19

Motor development follows a highly predictable sequential and overlapping pattern.

Accepted Answer

Motor development typically follows a highly predictable sequence, with milestones such as rolling over, crawling, walking, and running occurring in a specific order and with overlapping periods of development.

Question 20

If a child has a significant motor disability, he or she is highly likely to have a cognitive deficit as well.

Accepted Answer

Motor disabilities do not necessarily correlate with cognitive deficits. Although some children with motor disabilities may have additional cognitive challenges, it is not a given and each case should be evaluated individually.

Quiz 7: Helping Young Children Develop Motor and Self-Care Skills