Question 1

What are your two most salient role or social identities? Explain two things that affect when you enact each identity.Give detailed examples to illustrate how these factors affect when you exact the identities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are your two most salient role...

Question 2

Reflected appraisals help shape the content of a person's self-schema whereas the looking glass self is the process by which appraisals become a part of the self.

Accepted Answer

Reflected appraisals refer to the views and judgments of others that individuals perceive and internalize, which then influence their sense of self. These appraisals help shape the content of a person's self-schema, or the mental framework that individuals use to interpret and organize information about themselves. The looking glass self, on the other hand, is a concept coined by Charles Cooley that describes how individuals develop their self-concepts through the process of imagining how others perceive them. In other words, the looking glass self is the process by which appraisals become a part of the self.

Question 3

Whereas people in collectivist cultures exhibit more group-linked identities (sibling, Lutheran), people in individualist cultures exhibit more individual identities (optimist, Virgo).

Accepted Answer

This statement is true based on research in cross-cultural psychology. Collectivist cultures prioritize the importance of the group and individuals often identify strongly with their group membership, while individualist cultures prioritize individualism and personal characteristics.

Question 4

Jacinta and Carmen are carpenters.Due to societal role expectations for carpenters, their role identities are carpenter will be almost identical.

Accepted Answer

Role identities, even within the same profession such as carpentry, can vary significantly due to individual differences, experiences, and societal influences, including how gender roles and expectations impact their professional identity.

Question 5

Using an example from the text or from your own life, explain what reflected appraisals are, and three ways that they can be distorted.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using an example from the text or...

Question 6

Lawrence's father is black and his mother is Japanese.To others, he doesn't look black or Asian.For Lawrence, his cultural exposure and ability to speak Japanese will matter more for his racial identity than his physical features.

Accepted Answer

Lawrence's racial identity is more influenced by his cultural exposure and ability to speak Japanese than his physical features, which is true.

Question 7

Using illustrative examples from the text or from your life, discuss the three self-verification strategies often employed by people to help maintain the perception of consistency across time and situations.Then, discuss how these strategies are limited.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using illustrative examples from the text or...

Question 8

The self is both an active source of reflexive behavior and the passive object toward whom reflexive behavior is directed.

Accepted Answer

The self is both an actor and a recipient of reflexive behavior. It can actively engage in self-reflection and self-evaluation, while also being the object of that reflection and evaluation.

Question 9

Adopting a social identity involves conforming to behavior expectations alone.

Accepted Answer

Adopting a social identity involves not only conforming to behavior expectations but also adopting the beliefs, values, and attitudes associated with that identity.

Question 10

Parents are important influences on children's self-appraisals regarding academics and sports, but not for perceived attractiveness.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that parents' attitudes and behaviors towards their children's academic and athletic achievements significantly affect their children's self-appraisals in these domains. However, parents' opinions about their children's physical attractiveness have less influence on their children's self-esteem in this area.

Question 11

What are the four ways in which people protect their self-esteems? Provide an illustrative example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the four ways in which...

Question 12

Teens who score higher on measures of internet addiction also score higher on measures of self-clarity.

Accepted Answer

Teens with higher scores on internet addiction tend to have lower scores on measures of self-clarity, as excessive internet use can negatively impact self-identity and emotional well-being.

Question 13

Anne is going for her driver's test.On her way there, a classmate made a mean-spirited comment about Anne being both female and Asian, insinuating that she couldn't possibly be a good driver.Anne then did poorly on the written part of the exam.While she still passed, she didn't do as well as she had wanted.Anne was likely influenced by a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anne is going for her driver's test.On...

Question 14

The digital self is outwardly oriented, meaning that people tend to report about external news and events.

Accepted Answer

The digital self is often inwardly oriented, focusing on personal experiences, thoughts, and feelings rather than solely reporting on external news and events.

Question 15

Through his work observing children, Mead proposed that there were two sequential stages of the social experience for children.Explain what the two stages are and give an example for each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Through his work observing children, Mead proposed...

Quiz 4: Self and Self-Esteem