Question 1

The sports coaches at a university are designing training diets for their teams.Why do they need to provide more protein for the men's rowing team than for the women's rowing team?

Accepted Answer

Men generally require more protein than do women because they have more lean body mass than do women;lean body mass requires more protein to maintain.Men are not necessarily more active than women when they compete in the same sport.They do have a higher metabolic rate,but this is because they have more lean body mass;their higher metabolic rate affects their energy needs,not their protein needs.Men do not use protein less efficiently than do women.

Question 2

A small child has normal weight,but his arms and legs are thin,whereas his belly and face appear swollen.His mother tells you that the only food they have had in the house for the past 3 weeks is noodles and some bread.The child probably has

Accepted Answer

The child probably has kwashiorkor caused by inadequate protein intake with adequate energy intake (noodles and bread provide carbohydrate but little protein).Marasmus is caused by inadequate intakes of both energy and protein and is characterized by extreme wasting in the entire body.Acute infection or malabsorption syndromes may exacerbate malnutrition but are not the primary cause.

Question 3

Janet eats beans,grains,fruits,and vegetables,and milk.Her diet is considered

Accepted Answer

Diets than contain plant foods plus milk are lactovegetarian diets;ovolactovegetarian diets include milk and eggs.Vegan diets contain only plant foods.Diets that contain plant foods plus dairy,eggs,and occasional meat,fowl,or fish are flexitarian.

Question 4

The RDA of protein for a healthy adult who weighs 60 kg is _____ g/day.

Accepted Answer

The RDA of protein for a healthy adult is 0.8 g/kg per day.Therefore,the RDA for an adult who weighs 60 kg is 48 g/day (0.8 * 60).

Question 5

An appropriate size serving of meat,poultry,or fish is about the size of

Accepted Answer

An appropriate size serving of meat,poultry,or fish is about the size of the palm of your hand.This represents about 3 ounces.A serving the size of a fist or one fourth of most dinner plates would be too large.A dollar bill is flat and therefore does not indicate a three-dimensional serving size.

Question 6

A person who follows a strict kosher diet would not eat

Accepted Answer

A strict kosher diet would not include a cheeseburger because meat and dairy may not be eaten together.Both macaroni with cheese and a bean-and-cheese burrito contain only dairy.Roast beef with mashed potatoes is acceptable as long as the beef has been slaughtered appropriately.

Question 7

Examples of individuals who may have an increased risk for malnutrition include

Accepted Answer

Chronic infection at any age and especially in childhood increases the risk of malnutrition because nutrient needs may be higher and nutrients may not be so well absorbed.Also,appetite may be lower.Inactivity in middle-aged men is likely to lead to overnutrition,not undernutrition.Sleep-deprivation in adolescents is not associated with malnutrition.Breast-fed infants are usually well nourished and are not at high risk for malnutrition.

Question 8

An example of the lifestyle habit of "chaining" is

Accepted Answer

Eating a piece of fruit with breakfast every day is an example of "chaining." Chaining involves linking two behaviors;soon the individual will always want to eat a piece of fruit whenever he or she eats breakfast.Gradually reducing intake of sugar-sweetened beverages,keeping a record of all food and beverages eaten,and involving all family members in choosing healthy foods are other good strategies to help improve eating habits.

Question 9

Eric follows a vegetarian eating pattern,and he wants to know whether he needs to take any vitamin and mineral supplements.What would be most important to find out?

Accepted Answer

It would be important to find out whether Eric follows a vegan diet;strict vegan diets do not contain any vitamin B₁₂ (found only in animal products)and vitamin D (obtained mostly from fortified milk).Including complementary vegetable proteins would improve the overall quality of his protein intake but would not affect his vitamin and mineral intake.Regular skin exposure to sunlight would help manufacture some vitamin D,but would not help with vitamin B₁₂ status,and so the question of sun exposure is less important.Processed food may contain fewer micronutrients that natural foods,but this is less critical than whether he includes any animal foods in his diet.

Question 10

Most physically active adults in America do not need to eat more protein than inactive adults because

Accepted Answer

Athletes have higher protein needs than nonathletes (1.2 to 1.7 g/kg versus 0.8 g/kg,respectively).However,most Americans consume the amount of protein recommended for athletes,and so most American athletes do not need to increase their protein intake.Exercise does not increase the efficiency of protein turnover.

Quiz 6: Protein