Question 1

Dr. Bowen is discussing the use of single-subject designs with her research lab students. One student asks, "How do you implement a control in single-subject designs?" Dr. Bowen responds:

Accepted Answer

In single-subject designs, the participant serves as their own control through the comparison of behavior or outcomes during a baseline (control) phase against behavior or outcomes during an intervention (treatment) phase. This allows for the assessment of changes attributable to the intervention.

Question 2

Dr. Marquez is lecturing to his class on single-subject designs. He notes that in an A-B design, the A phase represents the:

Accepted Answer

The A phase in an A-B design represents the baseline measurement, where data is collected on the subject's behavior or performance before any intervention or experimental treatment is applied. This phase serves as a control or reference point to compare against the effects of the intervention introduced in the B phase.

Question 3

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects an A-B design?

Accepted Answer

A-B designs involve measuring the same variable with the same participant before and after an intervention to assess the effect of the intervention.

Question 4

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects an A-B-A design?

Accepted Answer

A-B-A designs involve measuring the same variable with the same participant(s) across three phases: baseline (A), intervention (B), and return to baseline (A).

Question 5

Dr. Cross is implementing an A-B-A design. Which of the following scenarios best describes an A-B-A design?

Accepted Answer

An A-B-A design involves three phases: A baseline phase (A), an intervention phase (B), and a return to the baseline phase (A). Option C accurately describes this process by first assessing baseline anxiety (A), introducing an intervention with video clips of baby animals (B), and then ceasing the intervention to reassess anxiety levels, returning to the baseline condition (A).

Question 6

Dr. Marquez is lecturing to his class on single-subject designs. He noted that in an A-B design, the B phase represents the:

Accepted Answer

In an A-B design, the "A" phase represents the baseline measurement, where no intervention is applied, and the "B" phase represents the experimental treatment, where the intervention or treatment is applied to observe its effects.

Question 7

A single-subject design is a special type of _____ using one participant or group to assess changes for that individual or group.

Accepted Answer

A single-subject design is a type of within-subjects design because it focuses on observing and measuring the effect of the treatment on a single participant or group over time, rather than comparing between different groups.

Question 8

Newman is interested in using an A-B design for his thesis study examining behavioral interventions for emotion dysregulation. However, he makes an appointment with his mentor because he is confused as to which type of design an A-B study would be considered. Which of the following is the most appropriate description of an A-B design?

Accepted Answer

An A-B design is a type of within-subjects design, where "A" typically represents a baseline phase and "B" represents a treatment or intervention phase. The same subjects are observed under both conditions, allowing for direct comparison of behavior before and after the intervention within the same individuals.

Question 9

Dr. Wakes decides to study one individual's responses to stressful situations. The participant will act as both control and experiment. The general term for this type of design is:

Accepted Answer

This type of study is referred to as a single-subject design because it focuses on the responses of one individual over time, using the same individual as both the control and experimental case.

Question 10

Dr. Cross is implementing an A-B-A-B design. Which of the following scenarios best describes an A-B-A-B design?

Accepted Answer

An A-B-A-B design involves an initial baseline measurement (A), an intervention phase (B), a return to baseline (A), and a second intervention phase (B). Option D accurately describes this sequence by assessing anxiety, introducing an intervention (video clips of baby animals), removing the intervention, and then reintroducing the intervention, with assessments at each phase.

Question 11

_____ is a single-subject design in which researchers take a baseline measurement and then introduce the intervention and measure the same variable again.

Accepted Answer

An A-B design is a simple single-subject research design that involves a baseline phase (A) followed by a treatment or intervention phase (B), where measurements are taken before and after the intervention to assess its effect.

Question 12

The NIH is taking proposals for a new research grant they are bestowing. The NIH is particularly interested in research proposals that use an A-B-A design. Which of the follow research designs would be most appropriate for the grant?

Accepted Answer

The A-B-A design involves an initial measurement (A), an intervention or treatment (B), and a return to the initial condition or withdrawal of the treatment for a second measurement (A). Choice C accurately reflects this design by first assessing symptoms, introducing an intervention (touching a public toilet seat), and then reassessing symptoms after withdrawing the intervention.

Question 13

The NIH is taking proposals for a new research grant they are bestowing. The NIH is particularly interested in research proposals that use an A-B design. Which of the follow research designs would be most appropriate for the grant?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The NIH is taking proposals for a...

Question 14

Dr. Cross is implementing an A-B design. Which of the following scenarios best describes an A-B design?

Accepted Answer

An A-B design involves two phases: A (baseline) and B (intervention). In this scenario, option A correctly describes an A-B design where Dr. Cross first assesses baseline anxiety (A) and then introduces an intervention, video clips of baby animals (B), followed by a reassessment of anxiety.

Question 15

In order to establish a cause-and-effect relationship researchers need to administer a(n) _____ before the intervention.

Accepted Answer

To establish a cause-and-effect relationship, researchers need to know the state of participants before any intervention is applied. This is achieved through a baseline measurement, which serves as a control or reference point for assessing the effects of the intervention.

Question 16

A _____ design is a special type of within-subjects design using one participant or group to assess changes within that individual or group.

Accepted Answer

A single-subject design focuses on observing and measuring the effect of an intervention or treatment on a single participant or group, allowing for detailed analysis of changes within that individual or group over time.

Question 17

Dr. Nadine wants to establish a _____ relationship, so she includes both a baseline measurement and a post-intervention measure.

Accepted Answer

Including both a baseline measurement and a post-intervention measure allows for the assessment of changes due to the intervention, which is essential for establishing cause-and-effect relationships.

Question 18

According to a 2012 study examining pro-anorexia and pro-recovery websites, research found that:

Accepted Answer

The study found that pro-anorexia users posted more pictures with tags referring to body image than pro-recovery users, indicating a higher focus on body image within the pro-anorexia community.

Question 19

The simplest single-subject design is the:

Accepted Answer

The A-B design, consisting of a baseline (A) followed by an intervention (B), is the simplest form of single-subject design.

Question 20

The NIH is taking proposals for a new research grant they are bestowing. The NIH is particularly interested in research proposals that use an A-B-A-B design. Which of the follow research designs would be most appropriate for the grant?

Accepted Answer

An A-B-A-B design involves a baseline measurement (A), an intervention (B), a return to baseline (A), and a reintroduction of the intervention (B). Option D follows this pattern.

Quiz 12: Mixed Design: Which Therapy Is Best for Treating Eating Disorders