Question 1

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory states that we can see colour because the human eye has ____ different types of light detecting cells that _________________.

Accepted Answer

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory posits that the human eye has three types of receptors that are sensitive to red, green, and blue light.

Question 2

According to the Gestalt principle of ___________, we have a tendency to perceive objects that are near one another as belonging together.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of proximity states that objects that are close to each other tend to be perceived as a group. This principle explains how we group nearby objects together in our perceptions.

Question 3

You are going on a blind date because a friend convinced you that this person was perfect for you. Your friend tells you that your date is good looking, funny and a really good listener. From what you have read in the text, your perception of your date will probably be influenced by

Accepted Answer

Your perception of your date will likely be influenced by your perceptual sets, which are predispositions to perceive things in a certain way based on your expectations, experiences, and assumptions.

Question 4

In the process of trying to recognize a stimulus, we compare the current stimuli against mental representations known as

Accepted Answer

Perceptual schemas are mental representations or frameworks that help us organize and interpret information. When trying to recognize a stimulus, we compare it against these schemas to make sense of what we are perceiving.

Question 5

The Weber Fraction for loudness is 1/20. So let's say I get you to listen to some music played at 100 decibels. In order for you to tell that a second piece of music was louder, I would need to play it at

Accepted Answer

The Weber Fraction for loudness is 1/20, meaning a change in loudness is perceivable when there is at least a 1/20 (or 5%) increase from the original level. Therefore, to perceive a difference from 100 decibels, the sound needs to be increased by 5% of 100, which is 5 decibels, making the new level 105 decibels.

Question 6

If your eye were too long front to back, such that a focused image falls in front of your retina and you see a blurry image, you are said to have _____________.

Accepted Answer

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, occurs when the eye is too long relative to the focusing power of the cornea and lens, causing light rays to focus at a point in front of the retina rather than directly on its surface. This results in a blurry image for distant objects.

Question 7

The jnd value for weights is approximately 1/50. If you can lift a weight of 500 grams, a comparison weight must weigh at least _________ gram(s) more in order for you to be able to judge it as heavier.

Accepted Answer

The jnd (just noticeable difference) value for weights is 1/50, meaning the comparison weight must be at least 1/50 of the original weight (500 grams) more to be perceived as heavier. Therefore, 1/50 * 500 = 10 grams.

Question 8

Hold your hand a few feet away from your face. Now alternate between looking at your hand with only your right eye and then only with your left eye. You will notice that each eye has a slightly different view of your hand and the scene behind it. Special detection cells in your brain tuned to ______________ allow your brain to extract depth information from the visual scene, thus informing where your hand is in relation to the stuff behind it.

Accepted Answer

Binocular disparity refers to the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes’ horizontal separation. The brain uses this disparity to extract depth information from the visual scene, enabling us to perceive three-dimensional structure and distance.

Question 9

Let's say that you run a deprivation experiment in which kittens were raised from birth in an environment containing only horizontal stripes. Based on the research by Blakemore and Cooper (1970), how will this affect cells in their visual cortex?

Accepted Answer

Blakemore and Cooper's research showed that kittens raised in environments with only horizontal stripes had visual cortex cells that responded primarily to the orientation they were exposed to, in this case, horizontal lines.

Question 10

Which of the following cells is NOT found in the retina?

Accepted Answer

Hair cells are not found in the retina; they are sensory cells located in the inner ear and are involved in hearing and balance, not in vision. Rods, cones, horizontal cells, and ganglion cells are all types of cells found in the retina, playing roles in visual processing.

Question 11

You are blindfolded and asked to taste a cup of coffee to determine if it contains cream. Eight times out of 10 you correctly identified the presence of cream, but twice you said that cream was present when there was none there. According to signal detection theory, your correct responses are called ___________ and your incorrect responses are called __________.

Accepted Answer

Your correct responses are called "hits" because you correctly identified the presence of cream, and your incorrect responses are called "false alarms" because you indicated the presence of cream when there was none.

Question 12

The human auditory system is capable of localizing sound direction using differences of _____________ between the two ears.

Accepted Answer

The human auditory system can localize sound direction using differences in both intensity and timing between the two ears. Differences in the timing of when a sound arrives at each ear help with lateralization, while intensity differences help discern the direction due to the head shadow effect.

Question 13

Alexis wasborn with a rare hereditary condition such that in her retina she has no rod photoreceptors, but only cone photoreceptors. Given the anatomy of her retina, which of the following is true regarding her vision?

Accepted Answer

Rod photoreceptors are responsible for vision in low light conditions. Without them, Alexis would have very poor vision in low light.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT considered a monocular cue for depth?

Accepted Answer

Convergence is not a monocular cue for depth; it is a binocular cue, involving the simultaneous movement of both eyes to maintain focus on an object as it moves closer or farther away.

Question 15

_______________ lets us know where our body segments are in relation to one another (e.g., is my elbow straight or bent?), whereas _______________ tells us how our whole body is oriented in relation to the world (e.g., which way is down or which way am I rotating?).

Accepted Answer

Proprioception lets us know the position of our body parts in relation to each other, while the vestibular sense informs us about our overall orientation in space, including balance and direction.

Question 16

Consider the following image: We are likely to interpret this as three sets of two lines each rather than six separate lines due to the Gestalt law of ____________.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt law of proximity explains how we perceive elements close to each other as part of a group, leading us to see three sets of two lines rather than six separate lines.

Question 17

Today's best understanding of how colour vision works is based on which theory?

Accepted Answer

The Dual-Process Theory combines the Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory and Hering's Opponent-Process Theory, providing a comprehensive explanation of how color vision works by accounting for both the initial detection of colors and the subsequent processing in the brain.

Question 18

If you have normal colour vision, you are referred to as a ___________, whereas if you are red/green or yellow/blue colour-blind, you are referred to as a ___________.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with normal color vision are referred to as trichromats because they can perceive all three primary colors (red, green, and blue). Those who are red/green or yellow/blue color-blind are referred to as dichromats, meaning they can effectively perceive only two of the primary colors.

Question 19

If you had deafness due to damage to your cochlea, you would have which kind of deafness?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you had deafness due to damage...

Question 20

If you are extremely sensitive to stimuli in a particular sensory system, we would expect

Accepted Answer

A lower than normal absolute threshold means that less stimulus is needed for detection, indicating higher sensitivity in that sensory system.

Quiz 5: Sensation and Perception

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory states that we can see colour because the human eye has different types of light detecting cells that _____________.

According to the Gestalt principle of ___________, we have a tendency to perceive objects that are near one another as belonging together.

You are going on a blind date because a friend convinced you that this person was perfect for you. Your friend tells you that your date is good looking, funny and a really good listener. From what you have read in the text, your perception of your date will probably be influenced by

In the process of trying to recognize a stimulus, we compare the current stimuli against mental representations known as

The Weber Fraction for loudness is 1/20. So let's say I get you to listen to some music played at 100 decibels. In order for you to tell that a second piece of music was louder, I would need to play it at

If your eye were too long front to back, such that a focused image falls in front of your retina and you see a blurry image, you are said to have _____________.

The jnd value for weights is approximately 1/50. If you can lift a weight of 500 grams, a comparison weight must weigh at least _________ gram(s) more in order for you to be able to judge it as heavier.

Let's say that you run a deprivation experiment in which kittens were raised from birth in an environment containing only horizontal stripes. Based on the research by Blakemore and Cooper (1970) , how will this affect cells in their visual cortex?

Which of the following cells is NOT found in the retina?

The human auditory system is capable of localizing sound direction using differences of _____________ between the two ears.

Alexis wasborn with a rare hereditary condition such that in her retina she has no rod photoreceptors, but only cone photoreceptors. Given the anatomy of her retina, which of the following is true regarding her vision?

Which of the following is NOT considered a monocular cue for depth?

_ lets us know where our body segments are in relation to one another (e.g., is my elbow straight or bent?) , whereas _ tells us how our whole body is oriented in relation to the world (e.g., which way is down or which way am I rotating?) .

Consider the following image: We are likely to interpret this as three sets of two lines each rather than six separate lines due to the Gestalt law of ____________.

Today's best understanding of how colour vision works is based on which theory?

If you have normal colour vision, you are referred to as a _, whereas if you are red/green or yellow/blue colour-blind, you are referred to as a _.

If you had deafness due to damage to your cochlea, you would have which kind of deafness?

If you are extremely sensitive to stimuli in a particular sensory system, we would expect

Quiz 5: Sensation and Perception

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory states that we can see colour because the human eye has ____ different types of light detecting cells that _________________.

According to the Gestalt principle of ___________, we have a tendency to perceive objects that are near one another as belonging together.

You are going on a blind date because a friend convinced you that this person was perfect for you. Your friend tells you that your date is good looking, funny and a really good listener. From what you have read in the text, your perception of your date will probably be influenced by

In the process of trying to recognize a stimulus, we compare the current stimuli against mental representations known as

The Weber Fraction for loudness is 1/20. So let's say I get you to listen to some music played at 100 decibels. In order for you to tell that a second piece of music was louder, I would need to play it at

If your eye were too long front to back, such that a focused image falls in front of your retina and you see a blurry image, you are said to have _____________.

The jnd value for weights is approximately 1/50. If you can lift a weight of 500 grams, a comparison weight must weigh at least _________ gram(s) more in order for you to be able to judge it as heavier.

Let's say that you run a deprivation experiment in which kittens were raised from birth in an environment containing only horizontal stripes. Based on the research by Blakemore and Cooper (1970) , how will this affect cells in their visual cortex?

Which of the following cells is NOT found in the retina?

The human auditory system is capable of localizing sound direction using differences of _____________ between the two ears.

Alexis wasborn with a rare hereditary condition such that in her retina she has no rod photoreceptors, but only cone photoreceptors. Given the anatomy of her retina, which of the following is true regarding her vision?

Which of the following is NOT considered a monocular cue for depth?

_______________ lets us know where our body segments are in relation to one another (e.g., is my elbow straight or bent?) , whereas _______________ tells us how our whole body is oriented in relation to the world (e.g., which way is down or which way am I rotating?) .

Consider the following image: We are likely to interpret this as three sets of two lines each rather than six separate lines due to the Gestalt law of ____________.

Today's best understanding of how colour vision works is based on which theory?

If you have normal colour vision, you are referred to as a ___________, whereas if you are red/green or yellow/blue colour-blind, you are referred to as a ___________.

If you had deafness due to damage to your cochlea, you would have which kind of deafness?

If you are extremely sensitive to stimuli in a particular sensory system, we would expect

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory states that we can see colour because the human eye has different types of light detecting cells that _____________.

_ lets us know where our body segments are in relation to one another (e.g., is my elbow straight or bent?) , whereas _ tells us how our whole body is oriented in relation to the world (e.g., which way is down or which way am I rotating?) .

If you have normal colour vision, you are referred to as a _, whereas if you are red/green or yellow/blue colour-blind, you are referred to as a _.