Question 1

What medication times should the nurse use in writing out a schedule for taking antiretroviral medication three times a day?

Accepted Answer

Antivirals should be given around the clock to keep the therapeutic level of the ART at a constant level.

Question 2

Which foods would a nurse recommend for a person with debilitating diarrhea as a result of HIV infection? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

Avoid dairy products,red meat,margarine,butter,eggs,dried beans,peas,and raw fruits and vegetables.Cooked or canned fruits and vegetables will provide needed vitamins.Eat potassium-rich foods,such as bananas and apricot nectar.Discontinue foods,nutritional supplements,and medications that may make diarrhea worse (Ensure,antacids,stool softeners).Avoid gas-producing foods.Serve warm,not hot,foods.Plan small,frequent meals.Drink plenty of fluids between meals.

Question 3

The term that describes an immunosuppressed patient's inability to react to a skin test is __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term that describes an immunosuppressed patient's...

Question 4

The historical progress of the HIV infection began to be tracked in 1979.Arrange the historical events in sequence of their discovery.(Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A,B,C,D)
A) Infection in heterosexual men and women
B) Infection in hemophiliacs
C) Infection in injection drug users
D) Increased incidence of Kaposi carcinoma in young homosexual men
E) Increased incidence of Pneumocystis jiroveci (previously PCP)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The historical progress of the HIV infection...

Question 5

Which of the following are examples of the AIDS wasting syndrome in a patient with an HIV infection? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

The AIDS wasting syndrome is due to disturbances in metabolism involving lean body mass.The wasting syndrome is signaled by 10% loss of body weight,30 days of diarrhea,weakness,and fever.The person who has the wasting syndrome is considered to have AIDS.

Question 6

Which of the following are methods in which children with AIDS could have contracted their disease? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

In the United States,transfusion of infected blood and blood products and transplantation of infected tissues account for 1% of the total adult and adolescent AIDS cases and 2% of the total pediatric AIDS cases.HIV infection can be transmitted from a mother to her infant during pregnancy,at the time of delivery,or after birth,through breastfeeding.In the United States,it is estimated that approximately 30% of infected mothers will transmit HIV to their infants,with approximately 50% to 70% of the transmissions occurring late in utero or intrapartum.In the United States,among children who are less than 13 years old and have AIDS,93% were infected at birth.

Question 7

After what period of time would the home health nurse make a mental health appointment for a patient with an HIV infection after assessing a diminished ability to attend to daily functioning?

Accepted Answer

Patients with HIV infection have a great deal of anxiety and guilt,which may interfere with the daily functions of maintaining relationships and making decisions.When this apathy is assessed for a period of 2 weeks,the nurse should refer the patient for a mental health consult.

Question 8

The home health nurse designing a teaching plan for a person with HIV disease that would support weight gain would include information pertaining to (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

Increase protein,calorie,and fat intake.Offer nutritional supplements.Eat several small meals per day instead of three large meals.Provide for referrals.Weigh the patient daily.Weight training maintains muscle tone and improves appetite.

Question 9

Why are snacks high in potassium,such as bananas and apricot nectar,recommended?

Accepted Answer

HIV disease progression may be delayed by promoting a healthy immune system.Nutritional changes that maintain lean body mass,increase weight,and ensure appropriate levels of vitamins and micronutrients are helpful.Eat potassium-rich foods,such as bananas and apricot nectar.

Question 10

The depressed patient with AIDS says,"I don't understand why I am going to be getting doses of testosterone.What good will that do me now?" What should the nurse keep in mind about testosterone when responding?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone can increase body mass and lean weight.

Question 11

The combination of efforts of the medical team,nutritionist,social workers,and clergy is the necessary ______________ approach to the complex needs of the patients with HIV infection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The combination of efforts of the medical...

Question 12

Which of the following are early signs and symptoms of an HIV infection? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

Signs and symptoms of HIV infection include weight loss,sore throat,and dyspnea.

Question 13

How does the HIV-2 virus compare to the HIV-1 virus? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

Persons who are infected with the HIV-2 are less infectious during the initial stage because the virus is less virulent than HIV-1.These persons tend to live a normal life span and the mortality in the later years is less.

Question 14

______________ is a type of sexual option classified as "no risk" for a person to become infected with the HIV virus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ is a type of sexual option...

Question 15

The HIV-infected patient who has just seroconverted says he just cannot take all those confusing,expensive antiretroviral (ART)medications.He says he still feels fine,anyway.What should the nurse keep in mind when counseling this patient?

Accepted Answer

Compliance and adherence to the ART protocol is essential to its success.Cessation of the medication may stimulate the emergence of a resistant strain of HIV virus.ART can be restarted,but the optimum time to start is soon after seroconversion.

Question 16

An organism that can cross from an animal species to humans is a(n)____________organism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An organism that can cross from an...

Question 17

The nurse explains that an enzyme ____________ ____________ allows the RNA of the retrovirus to be changed to DNA and incorporated into the host's genetic material.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains that an enzyme ____________...

Quiz 16: Care of the Patient with HIV/AIDS