Question 1

Pain is often a characteristic clinical feature of which of the following lesions?

Accepted Answer

Traumatic neuroma is often associated with pain because it involves nerve damage and subsequent regeneration, leading to a sensitive mass that can be painful, especially when touched or compressed. The other options typically do not present with pain as a characteristic feature.

Question 2

A 16-year-old patient complained of a 1 * 1 cm nontender mass in his upper lip. The lesion was nonulcerated and was composed of a dilated duct containing a sialolith. This would be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The description of a dilated duct containing a sialolith in the upper lip is characteristic of a salivary gland-related issue, specifically a sialolithiasis (salivary gland stone), rather than the options provided. None of the options (A: Focal fibrous hyperplasia, B: Traumatic neuroma, C: Fibromatosis, D: Mucous extravasation phenomenon) accurately describe a lesion with a dilated duct containing a sialolith.

Question 3

Oral reactive hyperplasias:

Accepted Answer

Oral reactive hyperplasias are not premalignant or preneoplastic processes; they are benign proliferations of the oral tissues in response to irritation or trauma. They are not caused by overgrowth of oral bacterial flora. They are relatively common in dental patients, often resulting from common irritants such as dental plaque, calculus, or ill-fitting dental appliances.

Question 4

Peripheral fibromas are seen exclusively in which of the following intraoral sites?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral fibromas, also known as peripheral ossifying fibromas, are exclusively seen in the gingiva. They are a type of localized, reactive, non-neoplastic overgrowth of fibrous tissue, often resulting from irritation or trauma.

Question 5

A firm asymptomatic lump measuring 1 * 1 cm was discovered in the mandibular gingiva of a 32-year-old woman. The mass was well defined, firm, and the same color as the surrounding tissue. Which of the following would be most likely?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral fibroma is the most likely diagnosis given the description of a firm, asymptomatic lump in the gingiva that is well-defined and matches the color of the surrounding tissue. Peripheral fibroma is a common benign lesion in the oral cavity, often resulting from irritation or trauma, and it typically presents as a firm, nodular mass on the gingiva.

Question 6

A 54-year-old woman developed an asymptomatic 1 *1 cm nodule in her buccal mucosa. An excisional biopsy was done and was described microscopically as a circumscribed mass of dense collagen and fibroblasts. This would be a:

Accepted Answer

The description of a circumscribed mass of dense collagen and fibroblasts in the buccal mucosa fits the diagnosis of focal fibrous hyperplasia, which is a benign proliferation of fibrous tissue.

Question 7

Acute leukemias, especially monocytic leukemias, may cause oral manifestations of bleeding and:

Accepted Answer

Generalized gingival hyperplasia can occur in acute leukemias, particularly monocytic types, due to infiltration of leukemic cells into the gingival tissues, leading to swelling and hyperplasia.

Question 8

An oral biopsy was taken from the tongue of a 36-year-old woman and was interpreted as a leiomyoma. This is a:

Accepted Answer

Leiomyoma is a benign neoplasm that originates from smooth muscle. In the context of the tongue, it would involve the smooth muscle present in the area, such as the muscle fibers around blood vessels.

Question 9

Mucosal plexiform neuromas, pheochromocytomas, and thyroid medullary carcinomas are components of which of the following syndromes?

Accepted Answer

Mucosal plexiform neuromas, pheochromocytomas, and thyroid medullary carcinomas are characteristic of MEN III, also known as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2B. This syndrome involves multiple endocrine glands and is associated with specific types of tumors.

Question 10

Which of the following is known to behave in a clinically aggressive fashion and have a significant recurrence rate?

Accepted Answer

Fibromatosis is known for its clinically aggressive behavior and significant recurrence rate. Unlike the other options listed, fibromatosis (also known as desmoid tumors) can infiltrate surrounding tissues and has a high tendency to recur after surgical removal, even though it is considered benign because it does not metastasize.

Question 11

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is a microscopic phenomenon that mimics squamous cell carcinoma microscopically and is frequently associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is often associated with granular cell tumors, where the overlying epithelium shows hyperplastic changes that can mimic squamous cell carcinoma.

Question 12

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is a frequent microscopic finding of a neural-derived benign tumor in which granular cells expand submucosa. This lesion is known as:

Accepted Answer

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is a reactive epithelial proliferation often seen in response to a variety of stimuli, but it is not specifically associated with neural-derived benign tumors like those listed (traumatic neuroma, neurofibroma, neurilemmoma). These tumors do not typically exhibit pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia as a feature. The correct lesion associated with granular cells expanding the submucosa and often accompanied by pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is a granular cell tumor, which is not listed among the options provided.

Question 13

Cells found in the congenital epulis of the newborn are identical or nearly identical to cells making up which of the following tumors?

Accepted Answer

The cells found in congenital epulis of the newborn are identical or nearly identical to those making up the granular cell tumor. This similarity is based on their histological appearance, as both types of cells exhibit granular cytoplasm due to the presence of lysosomes.

Question 14

A 16-year-old girl had an asymptomatic 2 *3 cm crepitant mass in her tongue. It was slightly lighter in color than the surrounding tissue. Biopsy showed numerous endothelial-lined channels. This is a:

Accepted Answer

Lymphangioma is characterized by numerous endothelial-lined channels, which matches the biopsy findings described for the mass in the girl's tongue.

Question 15

A 1 * 1 cm pedunculated lesion of the gingiva of a 3-month-old girl was described microscopically as being composed of granular cells covered by thin epithelium. This describes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The description of a lesion composed of granular cells covered by thin epithelium in a 3-month-old girl is characteristic of a congenital granular cell tumor.

Question 16

The condition in which a patient may develop café-au-lait macule patches on skin and mucocutaneous neurofibromas is known as:

Accepted Answer

Neurofibromatosis is characterized by the development of café-au-lait macule patches on the skin and mucocutaneous neurofibromas.

Question 17

Trauma or irritation is believed to be the cause of all the following except:

Accepted Answer

Neurofibroma is a type of nerve tissue tumor that is not caused by trauma or irritation, unlike the other conditions listed which are typically associated with such causes.

Question 18

Nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia may be confused clinically with all the following except:

Accepted Answer

MEN III, also known as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 3, does not typically involve gingival hyperplasia, making it the correct choice. The other options (A, C, D, E) are conditions that can present with gingival hyperplasia, which could be confused with the effects of nifedipine.

Question 19

Reactive hyperplasias:

Accepted Answer

Reactive hyperplasias in the oral cavity are not rare, are not specifically associated with immunodeficiency, and are not caused by Candida albicans. They represent an overexuberant repair process to a chronic irritant or trauma.

Question 20

A significant risk of malignant transformation is associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

None of the options listed (A) Papillary hyperplasia, (B) Peripheral ossifying fibroma, (C) Squamous papilloma, or (D) Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) are typically associated with a significant risk of malignant transformation.

Quiz 7: Connective Tissue Lesions