Question 1

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-red-green colour blindness

Accepted Answer

Red-green color blindness is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner, meaning the gene responsible for this condition is located on the X chromosome. Males, having only one X chromosome, are more frequently affected when they inherit the defective gene, while females, having two X chromosomes, are typically carriers unless they inherit two defective genes.

Question 2

How are mitochondria inherited in most multicellular organisms?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are typically inherited maternally, meaning they are passed down from the mother to offspring in most multicellular organisms. This is because the mitochondria present in the sperm are usually lost or degraded after fertilization, leaving only the mitochondria from the egg to be inherited.

Question 3

What typically leads to cancers associated with mammalian insulin growth factor 2 (Igf2)?

Accepted Answer

Loss of imprinting of the Igf2 gene can lead to its overexpression, which is associated with various types of cancers. Imprinting is an epigenetic mechanism that results in the gene being expressed only from the allele inherited from one parent. Loss of this regulation can lead to abnormal growth signals.

Question 4

Suppose that you have discovered a new mutant in Drosophila melanogaster. What kinds of genetic crosses should you do to determine if the allele causing the mutation is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, an autosomal recessive trait, or a sex-linked trait?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that you have discovered a new...

Question 5

Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome are both caused by the same genetic deletion on human chromosome 15, but they have very different phenotypes. Whether one or the other syndrome occurs depends upon which parent provided the chromosome with the deletion. What is this pattern of inheritance an example of?

Accepted Answer

This pattern of inheritance is an example of genomic imprinting, where the phenotype resulting from a specific genetic mutation is different depending on whether the mutation is inherited from the mother or the father. In the case of Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome, the difference in phenotype is due to the parent of origin-specific expression of genes in the region of chromosome 15 that is deleted.

Question 6

Which of the following is the molecular mechanism responsible for genomic imprinting?

Accepted Answer

Genomic imprinting involves the methylation of DNA. This process adds methyl groups to the DNA, specifically to cytosine bases, leading to the silencing of certain genes depending on whether they are inherited from the mother or the father. This methylation pattern is crucial for the regulation of imprinted genes and is a key mechanism in genomic imprinting.

Question 7

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-phenylketonuria

Accepted Answer

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive genetic condition.

Question 8

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-sickle cell anemia

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic condition, meaning an individual needs two copies of the mutated gene (one inherited from each parent) to develop the disease.

Question 9

Which term refers to an expression of only one allele of a gene and the silencing of the other allele, all based on which parent contributed each allele?

Accepted Answer

Genomic imprinting is the process where the expression of a gene is determined by the parent that contributed it. This results in one allele being expressed while the other is silenced, depending on whether the allele was inherited from the mother or the father.

Question 10

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-Down syndrome

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome is caused by an error in chromosome number, specifically having an extra copy of chromosome 21, making it an example of aneuploidy. It is not caused by a single gene defect, so it is not inherited in a Mendelian fashion.

Question 11

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-hemophilia

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive genetic condition.

Question 12

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-cystic fibrosis

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation on the CFTR gene, which is an autosomal recessive condition.

Question 13

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-achondroplasia

Accepted Answer

Achondroplasia is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning only one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder.

Quiz 10: Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -red-green colour blindness

How are mitochondria inherited in most multicellular organisms?

What typically leads to cancers associated with mammalian insulin growth factor 2 (Igf2) ?

Suppose that you have discovered a new mutant in Drosophila melanogaster. What kinds of genetic crosses should you do to determine if the allele causing the mutation is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, an autosomal recessive trait, or a sex-linked trait?

Which of the following is the molecular mechanism responsible for genomic imprinting?

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -phenylketonuria

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -sickle cell anemia

Which term refers to an expression of only one allele of a gene and the silencing of the other allele, all based on which parent contributed each allele?

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Down syndrome

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -hemophilia

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -cystic fibrosis

Match each of the following genetic conditions with its mode of inheritance. A mode of inheritance may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -achondroplasia