Question 1

The approach-withdrawal model attempts to explain
A.Arousal and valence
B.Positive versus negative emotions
C.Basic actions taken in responding adaptively to the environment
D.How each individual emotion corresponds to a different brain region

Accepted Answer

Basic actions taken in responding adaptively to the environment

Question 2

Research suggests that the path to the amygdala that is important for quick, instinctive emotional response is from the:
A.Anterior thalamus to the amygdala
B.Neocortex to the amygdala
C.Amygdala to the cortex
D.Hippocampus to the amygdala

Accepted Answer

Anteriorthalamus to the amygdala

Question 3

Situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive reappraisal, and response modulation are all strategies involved in
A.Reinforcement contingency
B.Reversal learning
C.Emotion regulation
D.Fight-or-flight response

Accepted Answer

Emotion regulation

Question 4

Reversal learning is:
A.The ability to change behavior when contingencies change
B.Cognitive inflexibility
C.The degree to which a reward or punishment is associated with a particular stimulus or action
D.Impaired after damage to the insula

Accepted Answer

The answer of Reversal learning is:
A.The ability to change behavior...

Question 5

Emotional experiences often include bodily changes.This response depends upon the:

Accepted Answer

The autonomic nervous system, HPA axis, and sympathetic nervous system all play roles in the bodily changes that accompany emotional experiences. The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions, including those associated with emotional reactions. The HPA axis is involved in the body's stress response, and the sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for fight-or-flight responses.

Question 6

Damage to the amygdala typically results in:

Accepted Answer

Damage to the amygdala primarily affects the ability to acquire fear conditioning, as it plays a crucial role in processing emotions, particularly fear.

Question 7

Which of the following is not associated with insula activity:

Accepted Answer

The insula is associated with a variety of functions, including processing emotions such as moral and physical disgust (A), gustatory and olfactory aversion (B), and it is involved in the control of facial expressions related to disgust, such as levator labii activation (D). Recognizing guilt in others (C) is more closely associated with other brain regions like the prefrontal cortex, rather than primarily with the insula.

Question 8

Cortisol is an important hormone involved in the flight or fight response and is released by the _______________________:

Accepted Answer

Cortisol is released by the adrenal cortex, which is part of the adrenal gland located on top of each kidney. It plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress, including the fight or flight response, by increasing glucose in the bloodstream, enhancing the brain's use of glucose, and increasing the availability of substances that repair tissues.

Question 9

Many studies have shown the importance of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in emotion regulation.Which of the following findings is true:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many studies have shown the importance of...

Question 10

The insula is:
A.Another name for the insular cortex
B.Found inside a fissure of the brain called the HYPERLINK "http.//www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com/glossary/lateral-sulcus" 	 "_blank" lateral sulcus
C.Involved in our self-awareness
D.All of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The insula is:
A.Another name for the insular...

Question 11

The nucleus accumbens is:
A.Activated when deprivation is experienced
B.A cluster of cells in the hindbrain
C.Activated when an unexpected reward is received
D.One of the brain areas where electrical stimulation is least rewarding

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nucleus accumbens is:
A.Activated when deprivation is...

Question 12

According to the valence-arousal model of emotion, sadness would be described as the following:

Accepted Answer

Sadness is characterized by low arousal because it is a state of low energy or calmness, and negative valence because it is considered a negative or unpleasant emotion.

Question 13

Recognizing and producing facial expressions of emotion primarily involves:
A.The right hemisphere
B.The left hemisphere
C.The hypothalamus
D.The amygdala

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recognizing and producing facial expressions of emotion...

Question 14

Which part of the brain is important for early detection of emotional information and rapid response to that information?
A.Hypothalamus
B.Amygdala
C.Adrenal glands
D.Uncus

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which part of the brain is important...

Question 15

Propositional prosody communicates:
A.Semantic information
B.Emotional context
C.Sarcasm and superiority
D.Comprehension

Accepted Answer

The answer of Propositional prosody communicates:
A.Semantic information
B.Emotional context
C.Sarcasm and superiority
D.Comprehension...

Question 16

Psychic blindness is:
A.The mind is visualizing, but a person's eyes are not working.
B.Ability to process the sensory properties of objects but not understand the affective properties of those objects.
C.Ability to understand the affective properties of those objects, but not process the sensory properties of objects.
D.Inability to understand the mental states of other people.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychic blindness is:
A.The mind is visualizing, but...

Question 17

The cingulate cortex is involved in:
A.Motor control, cognition, and emotion
B.Visual perception of emotion
C.Facial expressions of emotion
D.Production of prosody

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cingulate cortex is involved in:
A.Motor control,...

Question 18

The cerebral cortex is crucial for the emotional function:
A.Deciding whether a particular behavior is likely to lead to a positive or negative outcome
B.Inferring the feelings of others based on facial expression
C.Using the correct tone of voice to convey to others how we are feeling
D.All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cerebral cortex is crucial for the...

Question 19

Interoception is the ability to:
A.Resolve conflict between competing or distracting information
B.Perceive the internal state of the body
C.Regulate autonomic function
D.Integrate emotion with decision-making

Accepted Answer

The answer of Interoception is the ability to:
A.Resolve conflict between...

Question 20

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is associated with many kinds of emotional and cognitive processing.Which of the following is not true regarding the OFC:

Accepted Answer

Damage to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) primarily affects emotional and social behavior rather than intellectual abilities or IQ. The OFC plays a crucial role in emotional regulation, decision-making, and the evaluation of rewards, rather than directly influencing intelligence or IQ levels.

Quiz 12: Emotion

The approach-withdrawal model attempts to explain A.Arousal and valence B.Positive versus negative emotions C.Basic actions taken in responding adaptively to the environment D.How each individual emotion corresponds to a different brain region

Research suggests that the path to the amygdala that is important for quick, instinctive emotional response is from the: A.Anterior thalamus to the amygdala B.Neocortex to the amygdala C.Amygdala to the cortex D.Hippocampus to the amygdala

Situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive reappraisal, and response modulation are all strategies involved in A.Reinforcement contingency B.Reversal learning C.Emotion regulation D.Fight-or-flight response

Reversal learning is: A.The ability to change behavior when contingencies change B.Cognitive inflexibility C.The degree to which a reward or punishment is associated with a particular stimulus or action D.Impaired after damage to the insula

Emotional experiences often include bodily changes.This response depends upon the:

Damage to the amygdala typically results in:

Which of the following is not associated with insula activity:

Cortisol is an important hormone involved in the flight or fight response and is released by the _______________________:

Many studies have shown the importance of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in emotion regulation.Which of the following findings is true:

The insula is: A.Another name for the insular cortex B.Found inside a fissure of the brain called the HYPERLINK "http.//www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com/glossary/lateral-sulcus" \t "_blank" lateral sulcus C.Involved in our self-awareness D.All of the above.

The nucleus accumbens is: A.Activated when deprivation is experienced B.A cluster of cells in the hindbrain C.Activated when an unexpected reward is received D.One of the brain areas where electrical stimulation is least rewarding

According to the valence-arousal model of emotion, sadness would be described as the following:

Recognizing and producing facial expressions of emotion primarily involves: A.The right hemisphere B.The left hemisphere C.The hypothalamus D.The amygdala

Which part of the brain is important for early detection of emotional information and rapid response to that information? A.Hypothalamus B.Amygdala C.Adrenal glands D.Uncus

Propositional prosody communicates: A.Semantic information B.Emotional context C.Sarcasm and superiority D.Comprehension

The cingulate cortex is involved in: A.Motor control, cognition, and emotion B.Visual perception of emotion C.Facial expressions of emotion D.Production of prosody

Interoception is the ability to: A.Resolve conflict between competing or distracting information B.Perceive the internal state of the body C.Regulate autonomic function D.Integrate emotion with decision-making

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is associated with many kinds of emotional and cognitive processing.Which of the following is not true regarding the OFC: