Question 1

There are many liquid formulations available for pharmaceuticals. Which of these forms involves the mixture of a hydrophobic medication that is dissolved in an alcohol base and has sweetened syrup added to increase palatability for oral dosing?

Accepted Answer

Elixirs are liquid pharmaceutical preparations that contain an active ingredient dissolved in a hydroalcoholic solvent, often with added sweeteners, flavors, or dyes to enhance palatability, making them suitable for oral use, especially when the drug is hydrophobic.

Question 2

Inert ingredients include all but ________________.

Accepted Answer

Inert ingredients are all the components of a product that are not the active ingredient. The active ingredient is the component that provides the primary desired effect, such as killing pests in a pesticide. Preservatives, stabilizers, and additives are considered inert ingredients because they do not directly contribute to the primary function of the product but are necessary for product stability, efficacy, and shelf life.

Question 3

Drugs that have active ingredients found in the original brand and are developed after the original brand's patent runs out are called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Generic equivalents are drugs that contain the same active ingredients as the original brand-name drug and are developed after the original drug's patent protection has expired. They are intended to be identical in dose, strength, route of administration, safety, efficacy, and intended use.

Question 4

Extra-label drug use of veterinary drugs is permissible and means a drug can be used for all except which of the following:

Accepted Answer

Extra-label drug use in veterinary medicine allows for the use of drugs in a manner not in accordance with the approved labeling, but it must still ensure food safety, which includes adhering to appropriate withdrawal times before slaughter to ensure drug residues are not present in edible tissues. Therefore, using a drug with a pre-slaughter withdrawal time consistent with that specified on the label is not considered extra-label use, as it does not deviate from the approved labeling instructions.

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of a drug ampule?

Accepted Answer

Ampules are made of glass, which is a key characteristic distinguishing them from other types of drug packaging. They are designed to be broken open and used immediately, ensuring the drug is sterile until the point of use.

Question 6

VCPR means ___________________.

Accepted Answer

VCPR stands for Veterinary-Client-Patient Relationship. It implies that the veterinarian has examined the patient (A), has sufficient knowledge of the patient to make a diagnosis (B), and is therefore able to prescribe medication (C), making all options (A, B, and C) true.

Question 7

What is the meaning of SR when it is used in a drug name?

Accepted Answer

SR in a drug name stands for Sustained Release, which means the drug is formulated to release slowly over time to maintain a consistent level of medication in the bloodstream.

Question 8

To determine whether a website is a credible source, look for all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Advertisements for products not related to the website's content do not contribute to its credibility. Credible sources typically have identifiable authors with credentials, cite their references, and domains like .gov or .edu often indicate a level of authority or educational purpose.

Question 9

Tablets are often coated after being compressed, but this does not ________________.

Accepted Answer

Coating tablets does not make them harder to swallow; it often makes them easier to swallow by providing a smoother surface.

Question 10

Drugs are produced in many ways, ranging from the harvest of tissues from living animals to growth in a laboratory as part of a chemistry synthesis process. Which of the following would be considered an extract drug?

Accepted Answer

Extract drugs are those obtained by isolating the active ingredient from natural sources, such as animal tissues or plants. Insulin harvested from a pig pancreas fits this definition, as it involves extracting and purifying insulin from animal tissue.

Question 11

Approval by the ________ allows a drug company to market a new drug.

Accepted Answer

The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) is the agency responsible for protecting public health by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, and medical devices; and by ensuring the safety of the nation's food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation. Approval by the FDA is required for a drug company to market a new drug in the United States.

Question 12

The Roman numeral on a controlled drug label indicates its level of abuse potential. Which label has the highest potential for abuse?

Accepted Answer

C-I (Schedule I) drugs are classified as having a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in the United States, making them the category with the highest potential for abuse.

Question 13

The strongest warning the FDA can require is a

Accepted Answer

A black box warning, also known as a black label warning, is the strongest warning that the FDA can require a prescription drug to carry. It indicates that the drug carries a significant risk of serious or even life-threatening adverse effects.

Question 14

What is another name for a Legend Drug?

Accepted Answer

A Legend Drug is another term for a Prescription Drug, indicating that it can only be dispensed with a prescription from a licensed healthcare professional.

Question 15

The concise name given to a specific chemical is its

Accepted Answer

The nonproprietary name is the concise name given to a specific chemical. It is a unique identifier for the chemical that is not owned by any one company.

Question 16

______________ are topically applied liquid dosage forms that always are administered by rubbing them into the skin.

Accepted Answer

Liniments are specifically designed to be rubbed into the skin to provide relief from pain and stiffness, distinguishing them from other topical formulations like ointments, emulsions, and elixirs which can have a variety of uses and methods of application.

Question 17

Enteric-coated tablets are used for administering medications that are either sensitive to exposure to gastric fluids and their acidic pH, or for medications that cause stomach upset and indigestion. A client requires purchase of an oral NSAID medication for her 13-year-old dog experiencing arthritis. The dose her dog requires is one 10 mg enteric-coated tablet PO q48h prn. Due to her dog's old age and history of gastric discomfort, the client decides to only give 1/2 tablet both morning and night instead of all together. Is this a good strategy?

Accepted Answer

Splitting an enteric-coated tablet compromises its coating, which is designed to protect the stomach from the medication and/or the medication from stomach acids. This can lead to the medication being released too early, causing gastric discomfort or reducing its effectiveness.

Question 18

You are asked to administer 10 units of insulin to a dog in your clinic. You know that insulin is quite fragile in its suspended form, so you carefully place the vial on your bench top and without disturbing the contents withdraw your volume from the very top of the fluid. What is wrong with this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Insulin, especially if it's a suspension (e.g., NPH insulin), needs to be gently mixed before drawing it up to ensure the correct dosage. Drawing from the top without mixing means the insulin concentration may not be uniform, leading to drawing up less active insulin than intended.

Question 19

Because _________ names are proper nouns, their first letter is capitalized.

Accepted Answer

Trade names are proper nouns because they refer to specific brand names or trademarks of products, and like all proper nouns, their first letter is capitalized.

Question 20

Which of the following would not be readily accessible by reading a drug insert?

Accepted Answer

Drug inserts typically include information such as dosage rates, generic and proprietary names, concentration, and administration routes, but they do not usually list analogous drugs produced by other companies.

Quiz 1: Veterinary Pharmacology and the Veterinary Technician an Introduction to Understanding Therapeutic Applications