Question 1

Most theories of intelligence are multidimensional, which means that they view intelligence as being a combination of many different kinds of intellectual ability.

Accepted Answer

Most theories of intelligence, such as Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences and Sternberg's Triarchic theory, view intelligence as multidimensional, with different types or components of intelligence working together to form overall intellectual ability.

Question 2

According to Erik Erikson, the major task of young adulthood is dealing with the psychosocial conflict of intimacy versus isolation.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development identifies intimacy versus isolation as the major psychosocial conflict that individuals face during young adulthood. This stage is typically characterized by a focus on developing close and meaningful relationships with others, as well as establishing a sense of identity and independence. Failure to successfully navigate this stage can result in feelings of isolation, loneliness, and a lack of meaningful connections with others.

Question 3

If you want to have the best cholesterol levels, you should have a higher level of LDLs and a lower level of HDLs.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. To have the best cholesterol levels, you should have a higher level of HDLs (the "good" cholesterol) and a lower level of LDLs (the "bad" cholesterol).

Question 4

Physical strength, dexterity, and coordination tend to peak in the late tends and early twenties, and decline predictably thereafter.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Physical strength, dexterity, and coordination tend to...

Question 5

The vast majority of those who quit smoking cigarettes do so on their own.

Accepted Answer

According to the American Lung Association, approximately 90% of smokers who successfully quit do so without the help of medication or other cessation aids.

Question 6

There is some evidence that the distal cortex of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum is not fully developed until the mid-twenties, which explains why risky and "edgy" behaviors tend to decrease during these years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is some evidence that the distal...

Question 7

Alcoholism is viewed by most experts as being separate and different from an addiction, since it is the most easily treated form of substance-related problem.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Alcoholism is actually considered a form of addiction and can be a very difficult and complex problem to treat.

Question 8

A life-span construct refers to one's expectations about the future.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A life-span construct refers to one's expectations...

Question 9

In Western cultures, the most widely used criteria for deciding whether a person has reached adulthood are role transitions, which involve assuming new responsibilities and duties.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. In many Western cultures, adulthood is viewed as a process of assuming new roles and responsibilities, such as getting a job, getting married, or starting a family. These role transitions are often seen as markers of maturity and readiness for full adult status.

Question 10

Binge drinking is defined as drinking five or more drinks in a row for men and four or more drinks in a row for women, all within the past two weeks.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of binge drinking according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Question 11

Generally speaking, fluid intelligence tends to improve throughout adulthood, while crystallized intelligence declines during the same years.

Accepted Answer

The statement is incorrect. Fluid intelligence is known to peak during early adulthood and gradually decline throughout later adulthood, while crystallized intelligence tends to increase throughout adulthood due to the accumulation of knowledge and experience.

Question 12

Feared selves represent who we could become and what we would like to become, as well as the specific age by which we would like those changes to occur.

Accepted Answer

Feared selves represent who we could become that we are afraid of becoming, not what we would like to become. Desired selves are the ones that represent what we would like to become.

Question 13

Some human developmentalists view the late teens through the early thirties as a period called "emerging adulthood," a time when one is no longer an adolescent but not quite fully an adult.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some human developmentalists view the late teens...

Question 14

Reading comprehension, number fluency, inductive reasoning, and spatial orientation are all examples of secondary mental abilities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Reading comprehension, number fluency, inductive reasoning, and...

Question 15

Cigarette smoking is associated with many different forms of cancer, including cervix, colon, bladder, and stomach cancer.

Accepted Answer

Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for many different types of cancer, including those mentioned in the statement.

Question 16

The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism has found that the most effective strategy for reducing binge drinking on college campuses is to provide one-on-one interventions for at-risk students and programs directly challenging students' expectations regarding alcohol use.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. One-on-one interventions and programs challenging expectations around alcohol use have been found to be effective strategies for reducing binge drinking on college campuses.

Question 17

Between the years 2005 and 2008, the greatest increase in percentage of high school graduates attending college was seen in African Americans, followed closely by Latinos.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between the years 2005 and 2008, the...

Question 18

Baltes and colleagues (2006) has suggested that cognitive development is "plastic," which means that intellectual deficits can be "fixed" with the right kind of interventions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Baltes and colleagues (2006) has suggested that...

Question 19

The Seattle Longitudinal Study, conducted in 1956, found that primary mental abilities tend to improve until the late thirties or early forties, and begin to decline thereafter.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. The Seattle Longitudinal Study, conducted over several decades, found that primary mental abilities tend to improve until the late thirties or early forties, and then gradually begin to decline. However, the decline is generally mild and individuals can maintain their cognitive abilities through continued intellectual stimulation and healthy lifestyle choices.

Question 20

Primary control is aimed at affecting an individual's external world, while secondary control is aimed at affecting an individual's internal world.

Accepted Answer

Primary control refers to attempts to change or influence external circumstances, such as adjusting the environment or seeking social support. On the other hand, secondary control involves adjusting internal attitudes, emotions, or beliefs to cope with or accept external circumstances that cannot be changed or controlled.

Quiz 10: Becoming an Adult: Physical, Cognitive, and Personality Development