Question 1

Career ________ occurs when there are few advancement opportunities or a lack of challenge in one's job. It may also take place when a worker decides that he or she is not interested in being promoted within their workplace.

Accepted Answer

Career plateauing refers to a situation where there is little or no chance of career progression, either due to external circumstances within the job environment or personal decisions about not pursuing further advancement.

Question 2

A manufacturing company wants 55-year-old Neema to retire from her job, but she refuses. In response, the company changes her job so that instead of having to stack 80 twenty-pound packages an hour, she now has to stack 20 eighty-pound packages. This best exemplifies

Accepted Answer

The company's attempt to force Neema to retire based on her age is a clear example of age discrimination. Changing her job duties to be significantly more physically demanding is a way of pressuring her to retire, which is unfair and discriminatory based solely on her age.

Question 3

Although she is well-liked within the organization and in no danger of losing her job, Tammy has not been promoted for some time due to the fact that she has not kept up with the technological advances in her field. Tammy is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

Tammy is experiencing a career plateau, which refers to a point where an employee reaches a certain level within their organization but is unable to progress further due to various reasons such as lack of skills or technological advancements. This is different from the glass ceiling, which describes the invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from advancing in their careers, and burnout, which is a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. Vocational maturity refers to the point where an individual reaches a level of self-awareness and realistic career goals.

Question 4

During the 1970s and 1980s, which industries were the hardest hit sectors in the American workplace?

Accepted Answer

During the 1970s and 1980s, heavy manufacturing and farming were the hardest hit sectors in the American workplace due to globalization and technological advancements. Many jobs were outsourced to countries with cheaper labor, causing a decline in the US manufacturing industry. Meanwhile, advanced farming equipment and techniques led to a decrease in demand for labor in the agricultural sector.

Question 5

Although people can use different coping strategies to deal with occupational uncertainty, research has found that ________-focused coping can actually lead to higher levels of job-related stress.

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused coping is centered on regulating one's emotional response to a stressful situation rather than taking active steps to solve the problem. While this may provide temporary relief from stress in the short-term, in the long-term it can lead to higher levels of stress and negative health outcomes. Therefore, emotion-focused coping is not an effective strategy for dealing with occupational uncertainty.

Question 6

Cheung, Kam, & Ngan (2011) found that age discrimination toward people over the age of ____ is frequently seen in Hong Kong.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cheung, Kam, & Ngan (2011) found that...

Question 7

When Julius hears that there are going to be cutbacks in his department, he immediately calls his supervisor and asks for an appointment. During that meeting he presents a very straightforward list of the ways in which he has been an asset to the company, proposes ways that he can help the company overcome its economic difficulties, and emphasizes his dedication and loyalty to the company. Julius is using ________-focused coping to deal with his employment uncertainty.

Accepted Answer

Julius is using problem-focused coping, which involves addressing the problem itself rather than one's emotional reaction to it. He presents a list of ways he has been an asset to the company and proposes solutions to help the company overcome its economic difficulties, which are all problem-focused strategies.

Question 8

Physical and psychological health following the loss of one's job are affected by many factors. They include all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

All of the options except D are factors that can affect physical and psychological health following job loss. Work-related burnout is not directly related to job loss, although it may be a factor that contributes to job loss in some cases.

Question 9

Why is it that middle-aged men tend to experience more negative impact of a job loss than do younger or older men?

Accepted Answer

Middle-aged men often have more financial responsibilities, such as supporting a family or paying for a mortgage. Therefore, if they experience a job loss, the impact on their financial stability and security is greater than for younger or older men who may have fewer financial responsibilities. Additionally, they may have less time to recover financially before retirement compared to younger men.

Question 10

In January of ________, unemployment rates in the United States of America reached 10.6%.

Accepted Answer

The period of recession in the United States, known as the Great Recession, lasted from December 2007 to June 2009. The peak unemployment rate during this period was reached in October 2009 at 10.0%. Therefore, in January of 2010, the unemployment rate would have still been high, and as such, the answer is C.

Question 11

The Kiski Corporation has long been known as having excellent products, a sound business model, and a high level of concern for its employees. The CEO of Kiski notices that several of the company's veteran employees have not applied for promotion in some time, and are staying at their current level of seniority longer than would be expected. In order to overcome this, what would the CEO be well-advised to do?

Accepted Answer

Implementing retraining programs for veteran employees can help them develop new skills and increase their qualifications, making them eligible for promotions. This can also help boost their motivation and engagement with the company, which can lead to improved performance and retention rates. Creating a new "advance or retire" program (option B) may come across as too harsh and could lead to resentment among employees, instead of encouraging them to stay and grow with the company. Ignoring the employees (option A) and leaving them alone (option C) could result in missed opportunities for talent development and succession planning.

Question 12

Nelson has recently been laid off by the company for whom he worked. Nelson will experience the most severe negative effects of this job loss if he is ________.

Accepted Answer

Middle-aged individuals often face the most severe negative effects of job loss due to higher financial responsibilities, such as mortgages and family expenses, and potentially more difficulty finding comparable employment compared to younger adults.

Question 13

Charlie learns that her company is downsizing, and immediately becomes terribly worried that she is going to lose her job. In order to cope with this fear, she tells herself, "Well I've been thinking of having another child anyway, so if I lose my job it will really be okay." Charlie is using ________-focused coping to deal with her employment uncertainty.

Accepted Answer

Charlie is using emotion-focused coping because she is trying to manage her emotional response to the stressor (the fear of losing her job) by convincing herself that it will not be so bad. She is not actively trying to solve the problem or find a solution (problem-focused coping) or create a plan or structure to deal with the situation (structure-focused coping).

Question 14

After the 1988 Supreme Court ruling that extended sexual harassment laws to include male as well as female victims, the standard for harassing behave came to be known as the "________ person" standard.

Accepted Answer

The "reasonable person" standard became the standard for harassing behavior after the 1988 Supreme Court ruling. This means that the behavior in question would be seen as harassing by a "reasonable person" rather than being based on the subjective experience of the victim.

Question 15

Mantler and colleagues (2005) found that ________ mediated the relationship between one's employment status and their perceived levels of stress.

Accepted Answer

Mantler and colleagues found that employment uncertainty mediated the relationship between one's employment status and their perceived levels of stress.

Question 16

In order for a person to be a victim of the technical definition of age discrimination, (s)he would have to be over the age of

Accepted Answer

According to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), a person must be age 40 or older to be protected from age discrimination. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Question 17

One way to help people overcome a period of career plateauing is through

Accepted Answer

Retraining provides employees with new knowledge and skills that can help them break out of their career plateau and take on new challenges and opportunities. It also helps keep them motivated and engaged in their work. Demotion or forced retirement can be demotivating and emotionally taxing for employees, while a KSA assessment may not address the root cause of the plateau.

Question 18

While being interviewed for a position at a research firm, 39-year-old Grover is asked, "Since you're significantly older than our usual candidate, we're concerned that hiring you could lead to a need to replace you sooner than another applicant when you retire." If Grover does not get the job, would he be able to claim that he was a victim of age discrimination?

Accepted Answer

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) only protects workers over the age of 40 from age discrimination in the United States of America. Therefore, Grover cannot claim age discrimination as he is not protected under the ADEA.

Question 19

The impact of losing one's job-lower mental health, decreased life satisfaction, problems in marital or family satisfaction, and subjective physical health-can be eliminated through

Accepted Answer

Reemployment is the most effective way to eliminate the negative impact of losing one's job. It not only provides financial stability but also restores a sense of purpose and social connection. Relocation, antidepressant medications, and psychotherapy may be helpful in certain circumstances, but they are unlikely to completely eliminate the negative effects of job loss.

Question 20

The difficulty with estimating the real incidence of sexual harassment in the workplace is contributed to by all but which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

This statement is untrue. Sexual harassment is not rare; it is prevalent in many workplaces. Factors A, B, and D all contribute to the difficulty in estimating the real incidence of sexual harassment by creating confusion, discrepancies in reporting, and uncertainty about what behaviors are included in the definition.

Quiz 12: Work: Occupational and Lifestyle Issues in Young and Middle Adulthood