Question 1

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-its release of hormones is directly controlled by action potentials

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary releases hormones (oxytocin and ADH) in response to action potentials traveling down axons of hypothalamic neurons. In contrast, the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary is controlled by releasing and inhibiting hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, which travel through the portal system to the anterior pituitary.

Question 2

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code.
-synthesized by enzymatic modification of cholesterol

Accepted Answer

Hormones synthesized by enzymatic modification of cholesterol are steroids, such as cortisol and testosterone.

Question 3

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-releases hormones into the general circulation

Accepted Answer

Both the anterior and posterior pituitary glands release hormones into the general circulation, albeit through different mechanisms. The anterior pituitary synthesizes and secretes hormones directly, while the posterior pituitary stores and releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus.

Question 4

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code.
-synthesized within colloid

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone is synthesized within the colloid of thyroid follicles. Steroids and catecholamines are not synthesized within the colloid, while peptides may be synthesized within the colloid (such as thyroglobulin, which is the precursor for thyroid hormone).

Question 5

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code.
-synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system

Accepted Answer

Peptides are synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system. Steroids are synthesized from cholesterol by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Catecholamines are synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine and thyroid hormone is synthesized by the thyroid gland.

Question 6

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-catecholamines

Accepted Answer

Catecholamines are hydrophilic/lipophobic hormones, meaning they are soluble in water but not in lipids. This property affects their ability to cross cell membranes and influences their mechanism of action.

Question 7

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-also known as adenohypophysis

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary is also known as the adenohypophysis.

Question 8

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-its release of hormones is directly controlled by hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones

Accepted Answer

This feature applies only to the anterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary releases hormones that are directly controlled by hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones, while the posterior pituitary releases hormones that are made in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary for release.

Question 9

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-also known as neurohypophysis

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary is also known as the neurohypophysis, while the anterior pituitary is not.

Question 10

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-composed of glandular tissue

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary is composed of glandular tissue, while the posterior pituitary is composed of neural tissue.

Question 11

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-contains pituicytes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indicate which of the features apply to...

Question 12

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-composed of nervous tissue

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary is composed of nervous tissue, while the anterior pituitary is composed of glandular tissue.

Question 13

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-peptides

Accepted Answer

Peptides are hydrophilic (lipophobic) as they are composed of amino acids, which contain polar functional groups that readily interact with water molecules. This makes them soluble in water-based fluids like blood and extracellular fluid.

Question 14

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-thyroid hormone

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormones are lipophilic (hydrophobic) and therefore can cross cell membranes to interact with intracellular receptors.

Question 15

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code.
-once synthesized,actively transported into preformed vesicles for storage

Accepted Answer

Catecholamines, such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, are synthesized in the adrenal gland and are actively transported into preformed vesicles for storage until needed for release. Steroids, such as testosterone and estrogen, are not stored in vesicles but are synthesized on demand. Peptides, such as insulin and growth hormone, are stored in vesicles but are not actively transported into them. Thyroid hormone is synthesized in the thyroid gland but is not stored in vesicles.

Question 16

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-stores hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary stores hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus, such as oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The anterior pituitary synthesizes and secretes its own hormones. Therefore, choice A applies to the posterior pituitary only.

Question 17

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-secretes MSHs in humans

Accepted Answer

Secretion of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) occurs in the anterior pituitary.

Question 18

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-steroids

Accepted Answer

Steroids are lipophilic (hydrophobic), meaning they are soluble in lipid-based substances but not in water-based substances.

Question 19

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-neurally connected to the hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary is neurally connected to the hypothalamus, as it is a continuation of the hypothalamus and receives neural input from it.

Answer: B
 The anterior pituitary is not neurally connected to the hypothalamus, but instead receives hormonal signals from it.

Question 20

MATCHING
Indicate whether the characteristics below apply to the endocrine system or the nervous system by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all).
-pancreas has ductless cells that secrete

Accepted Answer

The pancreas contains endocrine cells called islets of Langerhans that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, indicating that it is part of the endocrine system.

Quiz 5: Principals of Endocrinology; The Central Endocrine Glands

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -its release of hormones is directly controlled by action potentials

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code. -synthesized by enzymatic modification of cholesterol

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -releases hormones into the general circulation

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code. -synthesized within colloid

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code. -synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -catecholamines

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -also known as adenohypophysis

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -its release of hormones is directly controlled by hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -also known as neurohypophysis

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -composed of glandular tissue

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -contains pituicytes

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -composed of nervous tissue

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -peptides

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -thyroid hormone

Indicate which characteristics apply to the hormones below by using the answer code. -once synthesized,actively transported into preformed vesicles for storage

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -stores hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -secretes MSHs in humans

Indicate the solubility characteristics of each of the classes of hormones by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -steroids

Indicate which of the features apply to the posterior and anterior pituitary by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -neurally connected to the hypothalamus

MATCHING Indicate whether the characteristics below apply to the endocrine system or the nervous system by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) . -pancreas has ductless cells that secrete