Question 1

Patterns of binge eating were rarely noted prior to ____.

Accepted Answer

The term "binge eating" was not widely used or recognized until the 1960s, so patterns of binge eating would not have been noted prior to that time.

Question 2

While many modern offices make use of open shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices), this office style can hinder productivity.Indeed, this office style is likely to be particularly detrimental for employees who work on ____.

Accepted Answer

The open shared spaces in modern offices can be distracting and noisy, which can make it difficult for employees to focus on complex, novel tasks that require a high level of concentration and creativity. These tasks are often more challenging and require employees to think outside the box, so any distractions or interruptions can have a negative impact on their productivity. For simple tasks that employees have performed many times, the distractions may not be as significant, and they can still work efficiently in an open shared space. Therefore, choice D is the best answer.

Question 3

Jonas is really worried about playing the piano at his recital in front of his girlfriend, who has expressed a desire to be at the recital.Jonas keeps thinking about her instead of concentrating on playing his music.Which of the three processes that influences social facilitation does this scenario MOST emphasise?

Accepted Answer

The scenario emphasizes distraction, as Jonas is preoccupied with thoughts of his girlfriend being in the audience, which affects his concentration on playing the piano.

Question 4

Suppose that you own a rowboat and sometimes go rowing in the summer.In December, you are planning to go rowing with two of your friends (three people total in the boat), and in January, you are planning to go rowing with just one friend (two people total in the boat).Will you put in more effort (row harder) on the three-person trip or on the two-person trip?

Accepted Answer

You will put in more effort on the two-person trip because there are fewer people to help with the rowing. In a three-person trip, each person can take turns resting and rowing, making it less physically demanding. However, in a two-person trip, both individuals must row the entire time, making it more strenuous.

Question 5

Early research in social psychology conducted by Max Ringelmann revealed that people ____ when they work as part of a group (e.g., pushing a car off of the road with two other people) compared to when they work alone at the same task.

Accepted Answer

Ringelmann's research on social loafing showed that when individuals work as part of a group, they may believe that their individual efforts are less noticeable, and therefore do not work as hard as they would if they were working alone.

Question 6

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices).This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others.Of the people below, who is likely to benefit MOST?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that Office Building X makes use...

Question 7

Social facilitation theory suggests that tasks like walking, brushing one's teeth, or counting will be ____ by the presence of others.It also suggests that tasks like solving a difficult math problem or crossword puzzle will be ____ by the presence of others.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation theory suggests that simple or well-learned tasks will be enhanced in the presence of others, while complex or unfamiliar tasks will be hindered. Walking, brushing one's teeth, or counting are simple and well-learned tasks, therefore they will be unaffected or enhanced by the presence of others. On the other hand, solving a difficult math problem or crossword puzzle are complex tasks, and the presence of others may increase anxiety or self-consciousness, leading to a decline in performance. Therefore, the best choice is D, which suggests that simple tasks will be enhanced and complex tasks will be hindered.

Question 8

Many modern offices have open, public shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices).This office style works BEST if the employees are working on ____.

Accepted Answer

Open, public shared spaces are best suited for simple tasks that employees have performed many times, as these environments can be distracting and are not conducive to the concentration required for complex or novel tasks.

Question 9

Given Max Ringelmann's early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a five-person group or a two-person group?

Accepted Answer

Max Ringelmann's research found that individuals tend to exert less effort on a task when they are in larger groups, a phenomenon known as the Ringelmann effect. Therefore, we should expect Student X to work harder in the smaller, two-person group.

Question 10

Binge eating is defined by ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Binge eating is defined by ____.
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Question 11

Social loafing is also known as the ____.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working in a group than when working alone, leading to a free rider problem where some members of the group may not contribute their fair share of effort.

Question 12

According to social facilitation theory, for most people, task performance for tasks such as ____ should be enhanced by the presence of others, while task performance for tasks such as ____ should be hindered by the presence of others.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation theory states that the presence of others enhances performance on simple or well-learned tasks (such as washing dishes). On the other hand, the performance on difficult or new tasks (such as solving a difficult math problem) is hindered by the presence of others. Therefore, option D is the correct choice.

Question 13

The term 'free rider problem' is sometimes used to refer to ____.

Accepted Answer

The free rider problem refers to the tendency for individuals to reduce their effort when working in a group, thinking that their contribution will go unnoticed or be overshadowed by others. This is also called social loafing, in which individuals choose to 'ride free' on the efforts of others in the group.

Question 14

Research on American college sororities has found that ____.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that binge eating patterns in college sororities seem to be contagious, meaning that members are more likely to engage in binge eating behaviors if they perceive their peers engaging in it. This can lead to a culture of normalized binge eating within sororities.

Question 15

Cockroaches completed simple mazes more quickly when they ran in the presence of other cockroaches (as opposed to alone), and completed complex mazes more quickly when they ran alone (as opposed to in a group).This finding illustrates that, even among cockroaches, ____.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation occurs when the presence of others enhances performance on easy or well-learned tasks (dominant responses) but can impair performance on difficult tasks. The cockroaches' faster completion of simple mazes in groups and slower completion of complex mazes in groups illustrates this phenomenon.

Question 16

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices).This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others.Of the people below, who is likely to suffer MOST?

Accepted Answer

Suzanne, an analyst, is likely to suffer most because her work may require concentration and focus, which can be disrupted by the noise and distractions of an open floor plan.

Question 17

Jane, an American, joined a sorority in her first year of college and moved into house owned by the sorority in her second year.She had never engaged in binge eating before moving into the sorority.After the end of her second year of living in the house, she is most likely to ____.

Accepted Answer

Social influence and peer pressure in a sorority environment can lead individuals to adopt behaviors similar to those of their peers, including eating habits.

Question 18

As defined in the text, narcissists are ____.

Accepted Answer

The text defines narcissists as people who regard themselves as better than others and are constantly trying to win the admiration of others. This is in contrast to people with healthy levels of self-esteem, who have a realistic view of themselves and do not need constant validation from others. The other options - B, C, and D - do not capture the essential traits of narcissists as described in the text.

Question 19

What is NOT one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends?

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is not one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends. The other three options (evaluation apprehension, distraction, and bodily arousal) are all processes that can contribute to social facilitation effects.

Question 20

Of the following people, who will be MOST inspired to perform well simply because others are watching?

Accepted Answer

Narcissists have an extreme need for admiration, attention, and recognition. Therefore, they are most likely to be inspired to perform well when others are watching.

Quiz 14: Groups

Patterns of binge eating were rarely noted prior to ____.

While many modern offices make use of open shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) , this office style can hinder productivity.Indeed, this office style is likely to be particularly detrimental for employees who work on ____.

Early research in social psychology conducted by Max Ringelmann revealed that people ____ when they work as part of a group (e.g., pushing a car off of the road with two other people) compared to when they work alone at the same task.

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) .This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others.Of the people below, who is likely to benefit MOST?

Social facilitation theory suggests that tasks like walking, brushing one's teeth, or counting will be by the presence of others.It also suggests that tasks like solving a difficult math problem or crossword puzzle will be by the presence of others.

Many modern offices have open, public shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) .This office style works BEST if the employees are working on ____.