Question 1

The process of asking general questions before asking about specific issues in order to elicit unbiased responses is known as the:
A) funnel technique.
B) split-ballot technique.
C) anchoring technique.
D) counterbiasing technique.

Accepted Answer

The funnel technique involves starting with open-ended or general questions and then gradually narrowing down to more specific questions in order to avoid leading or biased responses. This allows participants to provide more detailed and unbiased information. The split-ballot technique involves randomly assigning different versions of a questionnaire to different participants in order to test the impact of different question formats. The anchoring technique involves using a reference point (such as a price) to influence responses to subsequent questions. The counterbiasing technique involves using different methods to counteract potential biases in the research design or questionnaire.

Question 2

From which subsequent questions are evaluated by the respondents is known as a(n):
A) loaded effect.
B) filter effect.
C) pretest effect.
D) anchoring effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of From which subsequent questions are evaluated by...

Question 3

What type of question should be used to minimise the chance of asking questions that are inapplicable?
A) Anchoring
B) Pivot
C) Loaded
D) Filter

Accepted Answer

Using filters can help to tailor the questions to the specific context, audience or topic of interest, thereby minimising the chance of asking irrelevant or inapplicable questions.

Question 4

A question that may induce bias because it covers two issues at once is called:
A) Ambiguous
B) Anchor
C) Double-barrelled
D) Counter-bias

Accepted Answer

A double-barrelled question covers two issues at once, which can lead to biased responses as the respondent may only agree or disagree with one part of the question, but not the other. This can skew the results and make it difficult to interpret the data accurately.

Question 5

In political elections for candidates who are not well known by many voters, such as judges, it frequently happens that the candidate who is listed first on the ballot receives the most votes. This is an example of a(n):
A) filter bias.
B) pivot bias.
C) order bias.
D) split-ballot bias.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as order bias, where the order in which candidates appear on the ballot can influence voters' decisions. The first candidate listed has a slight advantage over others, as voters tend to choose the first option presented to them. This bias can be partially mitigated by randomizing the order of candidate names on the ballot.

Question 6

The procedure used in questionnaire design that allows the researcher to understand the respondent's frame of reference before asking more specific questions is known as the:
A) pretest technique.
B) filter technique.
C) split-ballot technique.
D) funnel technique.

Accepted Answer

The procedure described in the question is known as the funnel technique, which involves asking broad, open-ended questions at the beginning of a questionnaire to gain insight into the respondent's frame of reference before moving on to more specific questions. The other options (pretest, filter, split-ballot) do not involve this initial open-ended questioning.

Question 7

A tabulation of the results of a pretest to help determine whether the questionnaire will meet the research objectives is known as a(n):
A) error trapping tabulation.
B) preliminary tabulation.
C) interactive tabulation.
D) status tabulation.

Accepted Answer

A preliminary tabulation is used to assess whether the questionnaire will achieve the research objectives. It allows researchers to identify and correct any issues with the questionnaire before administering it to the full sample. The other answer choices (error trapping, interactive, and status tabulations) do not relate specifically to pretesting a questionnaire.

Question 8

Software programs that allow answers from previous questions to be inserted into unfolding questions are known as:
A) forced-answering software.
B) error-trapping software.
C) variable-piping software.
D) back-filling software.

Accepted Answer

This type of software is known as variable-piping software. It allows for previously answered variables to be inserted into subsequent questions or prompts, leading to a more efficient and personalized survey or questionnaire experience for the user. Forced-answering software is a different type of program that requires respondents to answer questions in a specific way, while error-trapping software detects and corrects mistakes made by users. Back-filling software is not a commonly used term in survey research.

Question 9

What are the most salient attributes in your evaluation of the major banks in Australia? The above question has a wording issue with:
A) anchoring.
B) complexity.
C) telescoping.
D) ambiguity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the most salient attributes in...

Question 10

'Some people have the time to brush three times daily; others do not. How often did you brush your teeth yesterday?' The statement that precedes the question is known as a(n):
A) filtering statement.
B) counterbiasing statement.
C) double-barrelled statement.
D) anchoring statement.

Accepted Answer

The statement is a counterbiasing statement because it is designed to neutralize potential bias by acknowledging different habits or circumstances before asking the question. This can help the respondent answer more honestly by reducing the pressure to conform to a perceived correct behavior.

Question 11

Asking respondents to select all the cafés they have visited on the University campus is an example of a:
A) dichotomous-alternative question.
B) determinant-choice question.
C) multiple-choice question.
D) checklist question.

Accepted Answer

A checklist question allows respondents to select multiple options from a list of choices, which corresponds to the situation described here where respondents are being asked to select multiple cafés they have visited on the University campus.

Question 12

'Do you ever have a problem with your mobile phone provider? - Yes - No' is an example of a(n):
A) filter question.
B) loaded question.
C) leading question.
D) anchoring question.

Accepted Answer

The answer of 'Do you ever have a problem with...

Question 13

What degree of durability do you prefer in your point-of-purchase advertising? The above question is flawed because it is:
A) making an assumption.
B) ambiguous.
C) burdensome.
D) loaded.

Accepted Answer

The question is ambiguous because it does not define what is meant by "degree of durability." It is unclear if the question is referring to the physical durability of the advertising material or its effectiveness in achieving its intended purpose.

Question 14

'Should Myer continue with its excellent gift-wrapping program?' is an example of a(n):
A) assumption.
B) leading question.
C) Counter-bias.
D) burdensome question.

Accepted Answer

The question suggests an answer by using the word "excellent" and implying that the program is successful. This could influence respondents to answer in favor of the program. It is a leading question as it leads the respondents to a particular answer.

Question 15

_________ occurs when respondents believe that events in the past happened more recently than they actually did.
A) Telescoping
B) Anchoring
C) Filtering
D) Squishing

Accepted Answer

Telescoping occurs when respondents perceive events that actually happened in the distant past as having occurred more recently. It is a common phenomenon in surveys and recall tasks. Anchoring refers to the tendency of respondents to rely too heavily on the first piece of information they receive when making subsequent judgments. Filtering involves selectively choosing or distorting information to support one's beliefs or biases. Squishing is not a recognized term in psychology or research methodology.

Question 16

_________________ can be solved using concrete terminology.
A) Ambiguous wording
B) Items' complexity
C) Double-barrelled items
D) Items' assumption

Accepted Answer

Ambiguous wording can be clarified by using clear and precise language, which is often referred to as concrete terminology.

Question 17

Which of the following questions is not typically asked when pretesting a questionnaire?
A) Can the questionnaire format be followed by the interviewer?
B) Are several questions needed instead of one?
C) Are the questions clear and easy to understand?
D) Does the questionnaire flow naturally and conversationally?

Accepted Answer

Typically pretesting a questionnaire involves asking questions that focus on the clarity, understandability, and usability of the questions. Questions A, C, and D all address these aspects, while question B is more focused on the content and structure of the questionnaire itself rather than the quality of individual questions.

Question 18

Suppose that half of a group of respondents are asked to agree or disagree with the statement, 'Australian-made cars are cheaper to maintain than imported cars,' while the other half are asked to agree or disagree with the statement, 'Imported cars are cheaper to maintain than Australian-made cars.' This is an example of a:
A) branch technique.
B) filter technique.
C) double-barrelled technique.
D) split-ballot technique.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a split-ballot technique, as the group of respondents is split in half and each half is asked a different question. The split-ballot technique is commonly used in survey research to reduce bias and to compare responses to different questions or stimuli.

Quiz 9: Questionnaire Design

The process of asking general questions before asking about specific issues in order to elicit unbiased responses is known as the:

From which subsequent questions are evaluated by the respondents is known as a(n) :

What type of question should be used to minimise the chance of asking questions that are inapplicable?

A question that may induce bias because it covers two issues at once is called:

In political elections for candidates who are not well known by many voters, such as judges, it frequently happens that the candidate who is listed first on the ballot receives the most votes. This is an example of a(n) :

The procedure used in questionnaire design that allows the researcher to understand the respondent's frame of reference before asking more specific questions is known as the:

A tabulation of the results of a pretest to help determine whether the questionnaire will meet the research objectives is known as a(n) :

Software programs that allow answers from previous questions to be inserted into unfolding questions are known as:

What are the most salient attributes in your evaluation of the major banks in Australia? The above question has a wording issue with:

'Some people have the time to brush three times daily; others do not. How often did you brush your teeth yesterday?' The statement that precedes the question is known as a(n) :

Asking respondents to select all the cafés they have visited on the University campus is an example of a:

'Do you ever have a problem with your mobile phone provider? - Yes - No' is an example of a(n) :

What degree of durability do you prefer in your point-of-purchase advertising? The above question is flawed because it is:

'Should Myer continue with its excellent gift-wrapping program?' is an example of a(n) :

_________ occurs when respondents believe that events in the past happened more recently than they actually did.

_________________ can be solved using concrete terminology.

Which of the following questions is not typically asked when pretesting a questionnaire?