Question 1

A 25-year-old woman has recently visited a registered dietitian as part of a routine health exam She is consuming less than the EAR for nutrient x Her intake for that nutrient is:

Accepted Answer

EAR stands for Estimated Average Requirement. It is the amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the needs of 50% of the population. Consuming less than the EAR for a nutrient means that the woman's intake is likely inadequate.

Question 2

A 25-year-old woman has recently visited a registered dietitian as part of a routine health exam She is consuming less than the RDA for nutrient x Her intake for that nutrient is:

Accepted Answer

The fact that the woman is consuming less than the RDA for nutrient x means that her intake is possibly inadequate. It is important to further assess her dietary habits and potential nutrient deficiencies to determine if her intake of nutrient x is truly inadequate.

Question 3

The EARs are very useful in research settings for evaluation of whether a group of people is likely to be consuming adequate amounts of a nutrient Therefore, it is _____ to use the EAR values as recommended goals for dietary intake of an individual

Accepted Answer

EAR values are not recommended goals for individual dietary intake, as they are only useful for evaluating the adequacy of nutrient intake in a group, not an individual. Individual needs may vary based on age, gender, health status, and other factors. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) or Daily Values (DVs) may be more appropriate goals for individuals.

Question 4

If intake of a nutrient is between the EAR and the RDA, then it:

Accepted Answer

The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is a nutrient intake value that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a group. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is set higher than the EAR to cover the needs of most (about 97-98%) of the individuals in the group. Therefore, if intake is between the EAR and the RDA, it might not be sufficient for most individuals, suggesting that it should probably be increased to meet the RDA.

Question 5

The _____ provide limits for those who take supplements or consume large amounts of fortified foods

Accepted Answer

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs) provide the maximum safe limit for nutrient intake, including supplements and fortified foods. It is important for individuals to not consume excessive amounts of nutrients as it can lead to toxicities and harm the body. The other options listed provide guidelines for appropriate nutrient intake but do not address the limits for excessive intake.

Question 6

"_____" is a term used to describe a set of four groups of values: EARs, RDAs, AIs, and ULs

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe a set of four groups of values is Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). This term encompasses the EARs (Estimated Average Requirements), RDAs (Recommended Dietary Allowances), AIs (Adequate Intakes), and ULs (Tolerable Upper Intake Levels). The other answer choices do not accurately describe this set of values.

Question 7

When scientific evidence was insufficient to establish an EAR and thus accurately set an RDA, the DRI committee derived a(n) _____ instead

Accepted Answer

When scientific evidence is insufficient to establish an EAR and thus accurately set an RDA, the DRI committee derives an Adequate Intake (AI) which is an estimate of the amount of a nutrient that healthy people consume on average.

Question 8

What were the first dietary standards published in 1943 by the National Academy of Sciences called?

Accepted Answer

The first dietary standards published in 1943 by the National Academy of Sciences were called Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs).

Question 9

The _____ for a particular nutrient is the daily dietary intake level considered sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all healthy individuals (about 97%) of the same gender who are in a particular stage of life

Accepted Answer

The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the daily dietary intake level considered sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all healthy individuals (about 97%) of the same gender who are in a particular stage of life. The other options (A, B, C) refer to different nutrient intake levels, but not the specific definition of RDA.

Question 10

What method is considered easy to use should you wish to determine the micronutrient, macronutrient, and energy (calorie) content of your diet?

Accepted Answer

Computerized nutrient databases are considered easy to use as they are typically available as mobile apps and websites that allow users to input their daily food intake and quickly receive information on the micronutrient, macronutrient, and calorie content of their diet. These databases are constantly updated and allow for greater accuracy compared to other methods such as food composition tables.

Question 11

The RDAs were originally designed primarily to:

Accepted Answer

The RDAs were first introduced during World War II to prevent nutrient deficiencies in soldiers. The purpose of setting Recommended Dietary Allowances is still primarily to prevent nutrient deficiencies in the general population.

Question 12

_____ are meant to be used as nutrient intake goals for individuals, because they were based on experimentally documented intake levels of a nutrient that seemed to maintain adequate nutritional status in healthy people

Accepted Answer

Adequate Intakes (AIs) are used as nutrient intake goals when there is not enough evidence to establish a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). They are based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people.

Question 13

An example of a nutrient with an AI instead of an RDA is:

Accepted Answer

Sodium has an Adequate Intake (AI) level instead of a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) because there isn't enough scientific evidence to establish an RDA. The AI is set based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people that are assumed to be adequate.

Question 14

You are a sophomore in college and are calculating your EER Your activity level has decreased significantly since your freshman year You would expect your current EER to be _____ when compared to your freshman year

Accepted Answer

Since the activity level has decreased significantly, the EER will be lower compared to the freshman year.

Question 15

Only 50% of healthy individuals will have their physiological needs met at which level of intake?

Accepted Answer

The EAR (Estimated Average Requirement) represents the average amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement of half of healthy individuals in a particular age and gender group. Therefore, only 50% of healthy individuals will have their physiological needs met at the level of intake represented by the EAR. The RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) represents the average daily amount of a nutrient that is sufficient to meet the needs of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals in a particular age and gender group. The AI (Adequate Intake) is used in cases where there is not enough data to establish an EAR or RDA, and represents an estimate of the amount of a nutrient that appears to maintain a defined nutritional state or health status in a particular age and gender group. The UL (Tolerable Upper Intake Level) is the highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population.

Question 16

If intake of a nutrient in the diet falls below the AI, then:

Accepted Answer

The Adequate Intake (AI) level is set when there isn't enough evidence to establish a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). If intake falls below AI, it doesn't automatically mean the diet is inadequate; more information is needed to assess dietary adequacy fully.

Question 17

Which agency established the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for macronutrients?

Accepted Answer

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for macronutrients were established by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), which is an independent organization under the National Academy of Sciences that provides guidance on health and science policy to the government and the public. The DRIs include recommended intake levels for energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, and other nutrients essential for health.

Question 18

The _____ for a particular nutrient is the intake value thought to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals of the same gender who are in a particular stage of life

Accepted Answer

The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the intake value thought to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals of the same gender who are in a particular stage of life. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the intake value recommended to meet the needs of almost all (97-98%) healthy individuals of the same gender and stage of life, while the Adequate Intake Level (AI) is based on less conclusive scientific evidence and is established when there is not enough information to set an RDA. The Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) is not a recognized term in nutrition and is likely a typo or incorrect term for RDA.

Question 19

A 25-year-old woman has recently visited a registered dietitian as part of a routine health exam She is consuming more than the RDA, yet less than the UL, for nutrient x Her intake for that nutrient is:

Accepted Answer

Consuming more than the RDA, yet less than the UL, for a nutrient indicates that the intake is likely adequate for meeting the body's nutritional needs without reaching potentially harmful levels.

Question 20

A nutrient _____ is the amount of a nutrient that must be consumed to prevent deficiencies; it is determined by a person's nutritional needs based on a host of factors such as sex, age, physical activity, and genetics

Accepted Answer

Nutrient requirement is the amount of a nutrient that must be consumed to prevent deficiencies, as explained in the question. Status refers to the level of a certain nutrient in the body, adequacy refers to consuming enough of a nutrient for optimal health, and intake refers to the actual amount of a nutrient that has been consumed.

Quiz 2: Nutritional Assessment and Dietary Planning