Question 1

Symptoms of ADHD include inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms can cause significant difficulties in a person's everyday life, including their academic performance, social relationships, and overall well-being.

Question 2

Boys are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with ADHD.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that boys are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than girls. This may be due to differences in symptoms that are more common or noticeable in boys, as well as cultural and societal factors that may influence diagnostic biases. However, it is important to note that ADHD can affect both boys and girls, and individuals of all genders should have access to appropriate diagnosis and treatment.

Question 3

Autism spectrum disorder consists of deficits in communication and social interaction.

Accepted Answer

Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.

Question 4

The diagnostic criteria for adult ADHD are valid with the need for five symptoms for a reliable diagnosis.

Accepted Answer

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), five or more symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity must be present for a diagnosis of adult ADHD to be made. Therefore, the diagnostic criteria for adult ADHD require five symptoms for a reliable diagnosis.

Question 5

In addition to children, adolescents and adults can also be diagnosed with ADHD.

Accepted Answer

ADHD can be diagnosed in individuals of all ages, not just children. It is possible for adults to be diagnosed with ADHD if they exhibit symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with their daily life.

Question 6

Discuss the role that gender plays in the diagnosis of intellectual disability.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the role that gender plays in...

Question 7

Enuresis is the repeated elimination of feces on or into inappropriate places.

Accepted Answer

Enuresis is actually the repeated elimination of urine in inappropriate places. The term for the repeated elimination of feces in inappropriate places is called encopresis.

Question 8

Conduct and oppositional defiant disorders are most prevalent among the upper socioeconomic classes.

Accepted Answer

There is no evidence to suggest that conduct and oppositional defiant disorders are more prevalent among upper socioeconomic classes. In fact, research has shown that these disorders are more common among lower socioeconomic groups. Social and environmental factors such as poverty, family instability, and exposure to violence are more likely to contribute to the development of these disorders.

Question 9

When children with conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder display physical aggression, boys tend to target strangers while girls typically target family or intimate partners.

Accepted Answer

Boys with conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder are more likely to display physical aggression towards strangers, while girls are more likely to target family members or intimate partners. This difference reflects broader patterns of gendered behavior in aggression, where boys often externalize their aggression outwardly and girls tend to direct their aggression towards those closer to them.

Question 10

As with Down syndrome, maternal age plays a role in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder.

Accepted Answer

There is no established link between maternal age and the risk of having a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) similar to the well-documented increase in risk for Down syndrome with maternal age. Factors contributing to ASD are believed to be multifactorial, including genetic and environmental influences, but maternal age alone is not a significant risk factor in the same way it is for Down syndrome.

Question 11

Treatment for learning disorders typically takes place in the home.

Accepted Answer

Treatment for learning disorders typically involves a team approach and may include professionals such as teachers, psychologists, and therapists. It may take place in a variety of settings including schools, clinics, and specialized centers. While interventions and support strategies may be implemented in the home, treatment is not limited to the home environment.

Question 12

Approximately two-thirds of people who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder are not able to live independently.

Accepted Answer

According to research, approximately two-thirds of people with autism spectrum disorder are not able to live independently. However, the remaining one-third may be able to live independently or with some support.

Question 13

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder. Explain its diagnostic criteria and discuss possible treatment options.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood...

Question 14

Discuss the long-term outcomes for autism spectrum disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the long-term outcomes for autism spectrum...

Question 15

Most children who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder have IQs below 70.

Accepted Answer

Most children with autism spectrum disorder have IQs below 70, as the question states.

Question 16

Research has indicated symptoms in infants that indicate autism spectrum disorder. Describe these symptoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has indicated symptoms in infants that...

Question 17

Fragile X and Lesch-Nyhan syndromes are both caused by genetic abnormalities on the X chromosome. Explain the effects of these abnormalities for each disorder and discuss the prevalence rates among the sexes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fragile X and Lesch-Nyhan syndromes are both...

Question 18

Scientific evidence has conclusively established that the increased rates of autism can be attributed in part to childhood vaccines.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Multiple studies with large sample sizes have found no link between vaccines and autism. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there is no evidence to suggest that vaccines cause or contribute to the development of autism. The exact causes of autism are still not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Question 19

Compared with girls, boys are more likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.

Accepted Answer

Studies and research have consistently shown that boys are more likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder than girls. The reason for this gender disparity is still unclear but it may be partly due to genetic and hormonal differences in males as well as the way autism presents differently in girls.

Question 20

Children with encopresis often avoid social interaction.

Accepted Answer

Children with encopresis may experience embarrassment, shame, and fear about their condition. These feelings can lead to avoidant behaviors, including avoiding social interaction.

Quiz 12: Neurodevelopmental, Disruptive, Conduct, and Elimination Disorders