In 1947, the _____established fundamental directives for research with human participants.

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The Nuremberg Code was established in 1947 and provided fundamental directives for research with human participants as a response to the inhumane experiments conducted during World War II. The Belmont Report (1979) provided principles for the ethical conduct of research involving human subjects in the United States, while the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) outlines ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects worldwide. The Tuskegee Protocol pertains to a specific unethical study conducted from 1932-1972, in which African American men with syphilis were deliberately left untreated in order to study the natural course of the disease.

In 1947, the _____Established Fundamental Directives for Research with Human