Question 1

Biological theories focus on a connection between genes and a predisposition for drug use.

Accepted Answer

Biological theories propose that genetic factors may contribute to an individual's susceptibility to drug use and addiction. Research suggests that genetic variations can affect an individual's response to specific drugs and influence their likelihood of developing addictive behaviors.

Question 2

Psychological theories emphasize that negative reinforcement, as well as positive reinforcement, can maintain drug use.

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus, which can encourage drug use by alleviating withdrawal symptoms or stress, thus maintaining the behavior.

Question 3

Over the last decade, Americans have become increasingly concerned about drugs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Over the last decade, Americans have become...

Question 4

Most Americans who drink alcohol do so moderately and experience few negative effects.

Accepted Answer

According to statistics, the majority of Americans who consume alcohol do so moderately and do not experience negative effects. However, excessive drinking and alcohol abuse can lead to a range of negative consequences, including health problems, impaired judgment, accidents, and addiction.

Question 5

Female college students are more likely than male college students to engage in binge drinking.

Accepted Answer

Studies have generally found that male college students are more likely than female college students to engage in binge drinking.

Question 6

Drugs and alcohol are often related to violent crime.

Accepted Answer

Substance abuse, including drugs and alcohol, can impair judgment and increase aggression, leading to a higher likelihood of involvement in violent crime.

Question 7

Americans who smoke cigarettes are more than twice as likely to develop heart disease than those who don't smoke.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true according to research studies. Smoking cigarettes is a major risk factor for heart disease and can lead to the development of various cardiovascular problems.

Question 8

People who use marijuana are less likely to use other drugs than people who do not use marijuana.

Accepted Answer

Marijuana is often considered a "gateway" drug, meaning that individuals who use marijuana may be more likely to experiment with other substances, contrary to the statement. However, it's important to note that not all marijuana users will go on to use other drugs, and the relationship between marijuana use and the use of other substances can be influenced by a variety of factors.

Question 9

Use of all tobacco products is higher for high school graduates than college graduates.

Accepted Answer

According to data from the National Health Interview Survey, in 2019, the prevalence of any tobacco product use was higher among adults with a high school diploma or GED (28.3%) than among those with higher levels of educational attainment, including some college (23.6%), college graduates (17.1%), and those with advanced degrees (11.3%).

Question 10

Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease and death in the world.

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease and death worldwide, causing more than 8 million deaths per year.

Question 11

Heroin use has increased in the United States in recent years.

Accepted Answer

Heroin use in the United States has seen an increase over the past decade, partly due to the opioid epidemic and the transition from prescription opioid abuse to heroin.

Question 12

Alcohol use and smoking have decreased over the last two decades.

Accepted Answer

Data from various health organizations indicate a decline in smoking rates and alcohol consumption in many countries over the past 20 years, due to increased awareness and public health initiatives.

Question 13

Alcoholics Anonymous is a Twelve-Step program.

Accepted Answer

Alcoholics Anonymous follows a Twelve-Step program that involves admitting powerlessness over alcohol, seeking a higher power, making amends for past harm, and supporting others in recovery.

Question 14

Americans between the ages of 18 and 22 years old who are not enrolled in college are more likely to use alcohol in the past month, binge drink, and drink more heavily than their peers who are enrolled in college full-time.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that college students are more likely to engage in binge drinking and heavy alcohol use compared to their non-college peers.

Question 15

The study reported in "Research Up Close" found that parents should never drink around their children.

Accepted Answer

The study did not conclude that parents should never drink around their children; it likely discussed the effects or considerations of parental drinking behavior.

Question 16

The younger the age a person begins drinking, the higher the probability is that an individual will develop a drinking problem.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals who start drinking at a younger age are at a higher risk of developing alcohol-related problems later in life, such as alcohol dependency, liver damage, and social and legal problems. Therefore, it is recommended to delay the onset of drinking as much as possible to reduce the risk of alcohol-related harm.

Question 17

Unlike synthetic drugs, the production of marijuana and opium has no appreciable negative effect on the environment.

Accepted Answer

The production of marijuana and opium can have negative environmental effects, including deforestation, soil degradation, and water pollution. Additionally, the use of pesticides and other chemicals in these crops can harm the environment and wildlife.

Question 18

In some countries, drug violations can result in the death penalty.

Accepted Answer

There are several countries where drug violations can result in the death penalty, including China, Iran, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, and Singapore.

Question 19

The conflict perspective analyzes the impact of social inequalities and oppression on drug use.

Accepted Answer

The conflict perspective focuses on how social inequalities and power imbalances can lead to drug use and how drug use can further perpetuate these inequalities. It emphasizes the role of social and economic factors such as poverty, discrimination, and inadequate access to education and healthcare in shaping patterns of drug use and addiction.

Question 20

The popular DARE (Drug Abuse Resistance Education)program has been universally praised for its effectiveness.

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of the DARE program has been debated and studied extensively, with some studies showing little to no positive impact on drug use behavior.

Quiz 3: Alcohol and Other Drugs