Question 1

A person who maintains bizarre, false beliefs that have no basis in reality is said to have ​

Accepted Answer

Delusions are defined as bizarre, false beliefs that are held with conviction despite evidence to the contrary, fitting the description provided.

Question 2

Recent research has revealed that depressed patients have elevated levels of ​

Accepted Answer

Recent research has indicated that depressed patients often have elevated levels of cortisol, a hormone associated with stress, which can affect various bodily functions and contribute to the symptoms of depression.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate? ​

Accepted Answer

Statement C is the least accurate because there is significant evidence suggesting that environmental stress can be a factor in the development and severity of depression. The relationship between depression and environmental stress is well-documented, contrasting with the assertion that there is no relationship between the two.

Question 4

Seligman found that people with a pessimistic explanatory style are especially vulnerable to depression. These individuals tend to attribute their setbacks to _____ and draw _____ conclusions about their personal inadequacies.

Accepted Answer

Seligman's research on explanatory style indicates that individuals who attribute setbacks to personal flaws (rather than situational factors) and draw global, far-reaching conclusions about their inadequacies are more prone to depression. This is because they view their problems as pervasive and indicative of their own shortcomings, rather than as isolated incidents or the result of external circumstances.

Question 5

Inadequate social skills, and therefore a decrease in sources of social support, have been suggested as factors that contribute to the development of _____ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Inadequate social skills and lack of social support are commonly associated with the development of depressive disorders, as social connections can play a crucial role in mental health.

Question 6

Schizophrenic disorders usually emerge

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenic disorders most commonly emerge during adolescence or early adulthood, typically between the late teens and early 30s. This period is a critical time for the onset of schizophrenia, with symptoms often first appearing in males in their late teens to early 20s and in females in their late 20s to early 30s.

Question 7

The cognitive approach to explaining the etiology of depressive disorders maintains that people who are more likely to develop depressive disorders tend to do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The cognitive approach to explaining depressive disorders focuses on how individuals think about themselves, their future, and the world around them. It does not specifically suggest that individuals misinterpret harmless situations as threatening, which is more related to anxiety disorders. Choices A, B, and D are all cognitive patterns associated with depression, such as attributing setbacks to personal flaws, ruminating on negative feelings, and having a pessimistic explanatory style.

Question 8

Jose has a psychological disorder, and his doctor has prescribed a drug that affects both the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in Jose's nervous system. Based on this information, Jose is MOST likely being treated for

Accepted Answer

Drugs that affect both norepinephrine and serotonin levels are commonly used to treat depression. These neurotransmitters are involved in mood regulation, and imbalances in their levels are associated with depressive disorders.

Question 9

According to Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, depressed people who tend to ruminate about their depression

Accepted Answer

Rumination involves continuously thinking about the same thoughts, which are often sad or dark. This can prolong depression as it prevents individuals from taking action to improve their situation.

Question 10

Ivy excitedly tells you that she has been invited to sing at the coronation of the new king of Cyprus. You find this difficult to believe, considering Ivy sings terribly and Cyprus has an elected government, not a monarchy. Ivy's statements are clearly out of touch with reality. It appears that Ivy is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Delusions of grandeur are characterized by false beliefs of one's importance, power, or talent, which fits Ivy's belief that she has been invited to sing at a coronation, despite her lack of singing ability and the fact that Cyprus does not have a monarchy.

Question 11

Correlations between mood disorders and a variety of structural abnormalities in the brain suggest that reduced volume in the _____ is related to depression.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals with depression often have a reduced volume in the hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in mood regulation and memory processing.

Question 12

The evidence available today suggests ​

Accepted Answer

There is a moderately strong link between stress and the onset of mood disorders, as numerous studies have shown that stress can significantly increase the risk of developing conditions such as depression and anxiety. Stress acts as a trigger or exacerbating factor for these disorders.

Question 13

Recent research suggests that depression occurs when major life stress causes neurochemical reactions that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that depression is linked to the suppression of neurogenesis, which is the process of generating new neurons in the brain, often due to major life stress.

Question 14

Studies that have evaluated concordance rates for depressive and bipolar disorders have found

Accepted Answer

Studies on concordance rates for depressive and bipolar disorders among twins have consistently shown that the rate is significantly higher for identical (monozygotic) twins than for fraternal (dizygotic) twins, indicating a strong genetic component for these disorders.

Question 15

The class of disorders that are marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and deterioration of adaptive behavior is known as _____ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenic disorders are characterized by symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and a decline in adaptive behavior, distinguishing them from other mental health disorders.

Question 16

Darla was fired from her most recent job. Based on Seligman's investigations into the cognitive factors that might contribute to depression, Darla will be MOST prone to depression if she attributes her firing to

Accepted Answer

Seligman's research into learned helplessness and depression suggests that individuals are more prone to depression when they attribute negative events to internal, stable, and global factors. Believing she was fired due to her own lack of ability (an internal and stable cause) aligns with this theory, making it more likely for Darla to experience depression.

Question 17

The concordance rate for mood disorders has been found to be about 67% among identical twins and 17% among fraternal twins. These data suggest that mood disorders ​

Accepted Answer

The significant difference in concordance rates between identical twins (67%) and fraternal twins (17%) indicates a genetic component to mood disorders. Identical twins share 100% of their genes, while fraternal twins share about 50%, similar to regular siblings. The higher concordance rate among identical twins suggests that genetics play a role in the development of mood disorders.

Question 18

Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a factor associated with the development of schizophrenic disorders?

Accepted Answer

Inadequate social skills have not been widely proposed as a direct factor in the development of schizophrenic disorders. The other options (neurological damage during prenatal development, excessive levels of dopamine, and structural abnormalities in the brain) have been studied and suggested as contributing factors to the development of schizophrenia.

Question 19

Schizophrenia is MOST characterized by ​

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is primarily characterized by a disturbance of thought processes, which can include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and disorganized or catatonic behavior, rather than by emotional disturbances, multiple personalities, or memory loss.

Question 20

According to Seligman, people who exhibit a _____ explanatory style are especially vulnerable to depression.

Accepted Answer

Seligman's theory suggests that individuals who have a pessimistic explanatory style, where they view negative events as personal, permanent, and pervasive, are more likely to experience depression. This style contrasts with an optimistic explanatory style, which is associated with resilience against depression.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders

A person who maintains bizarre, false beliefs that have no basis in reality is said to have

Recent research has revealed that depressed patients have elevated levels of

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?

Seligman found that people with a pessimistic explanatory style are especially vulnerable to depression. These individuals tend to attribute their setbacks to _ and draw _ conclusions about their personal inadequacies.

Inadequate social skills, and therefore a decrease in sources of social support, have been suggested as factors that contribute to the development of _____ disorders.

Schizophrenic disorders usually emerge

The cognitive approach to explaining the etiology of depressive disorders maintains that people who are more likely to develop depressive disorders tend to do all of the following EXCEPT

Jose has a psychological disorder, and his doctor has prescribed a drug that affects both the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in Jose's nervous system. Based on this information, Jose is MOST likely being treated for

According to Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, depressed people who tend to ruminate about their depression

Correlations between mood disorders and a variety of structural abnormalities in the brain suggest that reduced volume in the _____ is related to depression.

The evidence available today suggests

Recent research suggests that depression occurs when major life stress causes neurochemical reactions that

Studies that have evaluated concordance rates for depressive and bipolar disorders have found

The class of disorders that are marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and deterioration of adaptive behavior is known as _____ disorders.

Darla was fired from her most recent job. Based on Seligman's investigations into the cognitive factors that might contribute to depression, Darla will be MOST prone to depression if she attributes her firing to

The concordance rate for mood disorders has been found to be about 67% among identical twins and 17% among fraternal twins. These data suggest that mood disorders

Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a factor associated with the development of schizophrenic disorders?

Schizophrenia is MOST characterized by

According to Seligman, people who exhibit a _____ explanatory style are especially vulnerable to depression.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders

A person who maintains bizarre, false beliefs that have no basis in reality is said to have ​

Recent research has revealed that depressed patients have elevated levels of ​

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate? ​

Seligman found that people with a pessimistic explanatory style are especially vulnerable to depression. These individuals tend to attribute their setbacks to _____ and draw _____ conclusions about their personal inadequacies.

Inadequate social skills, and therefore a decrease in sources of social support, have been suggested as factors that contribute to the development of _____ disorders.

Schizophrenic disorders usually emerge

The cognitive approach to explaining the etiology of depressive disorders maintains that people who are more likely to develop depressive disorders tend to do all of the following EXCEPT

Jose has a psychological disorder, and his doctor has prescribed a drug that affects both the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in Jose's nervous system. Based on this information, Jose is MOST likely being treated for

According to Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, depressed people who tend to ruminate about their depression

Correlations between mood disorders and a variety of structural abnormalities in the brain suggest that reduced volume in the _____ is related to depression.

The evidence available today suggests ​

Recent research suggests that depression occurs when major life stress causes neurochemical reactions that

Studies that have evaluated concordance rates for depressive and bipolar disorders have found

The class of disorders that are marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and deterioration of adaptive behavior is known as _____ disorders.

Darla was fired from her most recent job. Based on Seligman's investigations into the cognitive factors that might contribute to depression, Darla will be MOST prone to depression if she attributes her firing to

The concordance rate for mood disorders has been found to be about 67% among identical twins and 17% among fraternal twins. These data suggest that mood disorders ​

Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a factor associated with the development of schizophrenic disorders?

Schizophrenia is MOST characterized by ​

According to Seligman, people who exhibit a _____ explanatory style are especially vulnerable to depression.

A person who maintains bizarre, false beliefs that have no basis in reality is said to have

Recent research has revealed that depressed patients have elevated levels of

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate?

Seligman found that people with a pessimistic explanatory style are especially vulnerable to depression. These individuals tend to attribute their setbacks to _ and draw _ conclusions about their personal inadequacies.

The evidence available today suggests

The concordance rate for mood disorders has been found to be about 67% among identical twins and 17% among fraternal twins. These data suggest that mood disorders

Schizophrenia is MOST characterized by