Question 1

Each time the dog scratches at the door, its owner lets it outside. In technical terms, this is an example of a(n) _____ schedule of reinforcement.
A) intermittent
B) regular
C) constant
D) continuous

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a continuous reinforcement schedule because the dog is reinforced every single time it performs the desired behavior (scratching at the door). Continuous reinforcement occurs when a behavior is reinforced each time it is exhibited.

Question 2

A _____ is the response requirement that must be met in order to obtain reinforcement.
A) pattern of reinforcement
B) schedule effect
C) schedule of reinforcement
D) discriminative stimulus

Accepted Answer

A schedule of reinforcement specifies the response requirement that must be met to obtain reinforcement, such as a fixed ratio or variable interval schedule.

Question 3

Occasionally is to always as a(n) _____ schedule of reinforcement is to a _____ schedule of reinforcement.
A) variable; continuous
B) fixed; variable
C) variable; interval
D) intermittent; continuous

Accepted Answer

Intermittent reinforcement schedules are used occasionally, while continuous reinforcement schedules are used always.

Question 4

When a rat is first exposed to a new schedule of reinforcement in an operant chamber, the behavior is initially _____ but becomes more _____ over time. The latter pattern is known as _____.
A) constant; variable; steady-state behavior
B) varied; stable; steady-state behavior
C) varied; stable; CRF
D) variable; constant; CRF

Accepted Answer

When a rat is first exposed to a new schedule of reinforcement in an operant chamber, its behavior is initially varied as it explores different ways to obtain reinforcement. Over time, as it learns which behaviors are rewarded, its behavior becomes more stable and predictable. This latter pattern is referred to as steady-state behavior, indicating a consistent pattern of responses under a particular schedule of reinforcement.

Question 5

On a fixed ratio schedule, reinforcement is contingent upon
A) a fixed number of responses.
B) a fixed interval of time.
C) the first response after a fixed interval of time.
D) a single response.

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement on a fixed ratio schedule is given after a set number of responses, not after a set amount of time or any other variable.

Question 6

What type of schedule is most likely to produce the following pattern of behavior in a pigeon: 10 pecks, eat, 10 pecks, eat, 10 pecks, eat?
A) VR
B) VI
C) FR
D) FI

Accepted Answer

This pattern of behavior is indicative of a Fixed Ratio (FR) schedule of reinforcement, where a specific number of responses (in this case, 10 pecks) are required before a reward (eat) is given.

Question 7

The stable behavior patterns produced by considerable exposure to reinforcement schedules are known as
A) steady behaviors.
B) steady-state behaviors.
C) fixed-rate patterns.
D) fixed-state patterns.

Accepted Answer

Stable behavior patterns that emerge from extensive exposure to reinforcement schedules are referred to as steady-state behaviors. This term is commonly used in the context of operant conditioning and behavior analysis to describe how an organism's behavior stabilizes over time when consistently subjected to a particular schedule of reinforcement.

Question 8

A _____ schedule generally produces a high rate of response, often accompanied by post-reinforcement pauses.
A) fixed interval
B) fixed ratio
C) variable ratio
D) variable interval

Accepted Answer

A fixed ratio schedule produces a high rate of response with post-reinforcement pauses because the reinforcement is given after a set number of responses, leading to a burst of activity followed by a pause.

Question 9

Different response requirements of schedules can have different effects on behavior, which are known as _____.
A) goal gradient effects
B) schedules of reinforcement
C) schedule effects
D) schedule requirements

Accepted Answer

Schedule effects refer to the changes in behavior that occur as a result of the different types of schedules of reinforcement. These effects illustrate how the specific arrangement or timing of reinforcement can influence the rate, timing, and pattern of responses.

Question 10

A useful schedule of reinforcement to use when first shaping a new behavior is a(n) _____ schedule.
A) continuous
B) intermittent
C) FI
D) VT

Accepted Answer

Continuous reinforcement is most effective when first shaping a new behavior because it provides a reinforcement after every correct response, which helps the learner quickly associate the behavior with the reward.

Question 11

The letters CRF refer to a(n) _____ schedule of reinforcement.
A) intermittent
B) continuous
C) contingent
D) contaminated

Accepted Answer

The answer of The letters CRF refer to a(n) _____...

Question 12

Steady-state behaviors are produced when
A) the organism is highly familiar with the schedule of reinforcement.
B) the organism has been exposed to a VR schedule.
C) the organism has been exposed only to a CRF schedule.
D) the organism has been exposed to a non-contingent schedule.

Accepted Answer

Steady-state behaviors occur when an organism is highly familiar with the schedule of reinforcement, leading to consistent and predictable patterns of behavior.

Question 13

On a ____ schedule, reinforcement is contingent upon a certain, predictable number of responses.
A) variable interval
B) variable ratio
C) fixed interval
D) fixed ratio

Accepted Answer

On a fixed ratio schedule, reinforcement is given after a specific number of responses have been made. This makes the reinforcement predictable based on the number of responses, not the passage of time.

Question 14

Rebecca finds that if she persistently pesters her mother to buy her a toy, she sometimes gets what she wants. Rebecca's pestering behavior is being reinforced on a(n) _____ schedule.
A) fixed interval
B) variable time
C) intermittent
D) continuous

Accepted Answer

Rebecca's behavior is reinforced intermittently because she does not receive a toy every time she pesters her mother, but only sometimes. This inconsistent reinforcement makes it an intermittent schedule, which can be very effective in maintaining behaviors.

Question 15

Each time a dog rolls over, it gets a treat. What the dog has to do in order to get fed is an example of a
A) goal gradient effect.
B) continuous schedule of reinforcement.
C) schedule effect.
D) partial reinforcement schedule.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a continuous schedule of reinforcement because the dog receives a treat (reinforcement) every single time it performs the desired behavior (rolling over).

Question 16

Number 9, your favorite lab rat, has to run 10 revolutions in the activity wheel in order to receive a pellet of food. The manner in which this contingency affects Number 9's behavior is an example of a
A) schedule effect.
B) schedule of reinforcement.
C) contingency of reinforcement.
D) three-term contingency.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Number 9, your favorite lab rat, has...

Question 17

A schedule of reinforcement is the
A) pattern of behavior that results from a certain response requirement.
B) response requirement that must be met for the reinforcer to be delivered.
C) magnitude of reinforcement.
D) intensity of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A schedule of reinforcement specifically refers to the criteria or response requirement that must be met in order for a reinforcer to be delivered. It defines the rule for how and when reinforcement will be given in relation to the occurrence of a target behavior.

Question 18

A CRF schedule can also be labeled as a(n) _____ schedule.
A) FI 1
B) VR 1
C) FR 1
D) FT 1

Accepted Answer

A CRF (Continuous Reinforcement) schedule is equivalent to an FR 1 (Fixed Ratio 1) schedule, where each correct response is reinforced.

Question 19

A _____ schedule generally produces a high rate of response along with a short pause following the attainment of each reinforcer.
A) fixed ratio
B) steady-state
C) variable ratio
D) variable interval

Accepted Answer

A fixed ratio schedule produces a high rate of response with a short pause after each reinforcer because the reinforcement is predictable and contingent on a set number of responses.

Question 20

A _____ schedule of reinforcement is one in which each specified response is reinforced.
A) continuous
B) intermittent
C) noncontingent
D) steady

Accepted Answer

A continuous schedule of reinforcement means that every instance of a desired behavior is reinforced, making it the correct choice for a schedule where each specified response is reinforced.

Quiz 7: Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Each time the dog scratches at the door, its owner lets it outside. In technical terms, this is an example of a(n) _____ schedule of reinforcement.

A _____ is the response requirement that must be met in order to obtain reinforcement.

Occasionally is to always as a(n) _ schedule of reinforcement is to a _ schedule of reinforcement.

When a rat is first exposed to a new schedule of reinforcement in an operant chamber, the behavior is initially ___ but becomes more _ over time. The latter pattern is known as ___.

On a fixed ratio schedule, reinforcement is contingent upon

What type of schedule is most likely to produce the following pattern of behavior in a pigeon: 10 pecks, eat, 10 pecks, eat, 10 pecks, eat?

The stable behavior patterns produced by considerable exposure to reinforcement schedules are known as

A _____ schedule generally produces a high rate of response, often accompanied by post-reinforcement pauses.

Different response requirements of schedules can have different effects on behavior, which are known as _____.

A useful schedule of reinforcement to use when first shaping a new behavior is a(n) _____ schedule.

The letters CRF refer to a(n) _____ schedule of reinforcement.

Steady-state behaviors are produced when

On a ____ schedule, reinforcement is contingent upon a certain, predictable number of responses.

Rebecca finds that if she persistently pesters her mother to buy her a toy, she sometimes gets what she wants. Rebecca's pestering behavior is being reinforced on a(n) _____ schedule.

Each time a dog rolls over, it gets a treat. What the dog has to do in order to get fed is an example of a

Number 9, your favorite lab rat, has to run 10 revolutions in the activity wheel in order to receive a pellet of food. The manner in which this contingency affects Number 9's behavior is an example of a

A schedule of reinforcement is the

A CRF schedule can also be labeled as a(n) _____ schedule.

A _____ schedule generally produces a high rate of response along with a short pause following the attainment of each reinforcer.

A _____ schedule of reinforcement is one in which each specified response is reinforced.