Question 1

In Illinois v. Rodriguez (1990), the police conducted the consent search of the suspect's apartment based on the consent of the suspect's former girlfriend. According to the apparent authority of third-party consent theory: ​

Accepted Answer

In Illinois v. Rodriguez (1990), the Supreme Court held that a warrantless entry to search based on third-party consent is valid if the officer reasonably believes that the person consenting had authority over the premises, even if it turns out that the person did not actually have such authority. This is known as the "apparent authority" doctrine.

Question 2

In what landmark case did SCOTUS rule that a knock and talk violated the Fourth Amendment? ​

Accepted Answer

In Johnson v. U.S. (1948), the Supreme Court ruled that a "knock and talk" by law enforcement officers, which led to the detection of odors and subsequent search without a warrant, violated the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Question 3

In Wyoming v. Houghton , concerning the search of a passenger's purse for drugs based on probable cause that drugs are in the vehicle, SCOTUS declared that: ​

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court ruled that police may inspect passengers' belongings that are capable of concealing the object of the search when they have probable cause to search a vehicle.

Question 4

Which of the following is true of most people who consent to searches by law enforcement? ​

Accepted Answer

Most people who consent to searches by law enforcement do so because they believe they have nothing to hide and are therefore innocent. This belief in their innocence leads them to think that consenting to a search will demonstrate their non-involvement in criminal activity and resolve the situation more quickly.

Question 5

Which of the following would not justify an emergency search? ​

Accepted Answer

An inconvenient location for waiting with a suspect for a warrant does not justify an emergency search. Emergency searches are typically justified by immediate threats to safety, the potential destruction of evidence, or other exigent circumstances, not by mere inconvenience.

Question 6

The Fourth Amendment does not prohibit all "no-knock" entries.

Accepted Answer

The Fourth Amendment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures, but the Supreme Court has ruled that "no-knock" entries can be reasonable in situations where announcing presence would lead to the destruction of evidence or compromise officer safety.

Question 7

What is the name of the practice of officers going to a person's residence, with or without any objective basis, and knocking on the door so as to obtain plain views of home interiors, question the residents, or ask for consent to search? ​

Accepted Answer

The "knock-and-talk" technique involves officers approaching a residence without a warrant, knocking on the door, and engaging with the residents to either gain information, view the interior of the home if it is in plain sight, or seek consent for a search. This practice does not require a warrant or probable cause as long as it is conducted in a manner similar to how a regular visitor would approach the residence.

Question 8

The criminal procedure value of balancing privacy and community safety weighs heavily on which side of the balance? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of The criminal procedure value of balancing privacy...

Question 9

New York v. Belton (1981)extended the Chimel rule to: ​

Accepted Answer

New York v. Belton (1981) extended the Chimel rule to allow the police to search the passenger compartment of a vehicle incident to a lawful arrest of its occupants, even if the arrestee is secured and outside of the vehicle at the time of the search.

Question 10

A search warrant must specifically identify "the things to be seized." This particularity requirement may not be met by specifying an entire class of items.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A search warrant must specifically identify "the...

Question 11

When police arrest a suspect based on probable cause, but then conduct a search without probable cause or a warrant, the search is called a: ​

Accepted Answer

A search incident to arrest is a legal principle that allows police to perform a search of a lawfully arrested person and the area within their immediate control without a search warrant or probable cause, primarily for officer safety and to prevent the destruction of evidence.

Question 12

Concerning third-party consent to search, in which of the following situations can one person consent to a search for the other person? ​

Accepted Answer

In the case of a factory owner consenting to a search of items on top of an employee's workbench, the owner has authority over the common areas and items within the workplace, including workbenches, which are not considered private spaces exclusive to the employee. This contrasts with the other scenarios where the individuals consenting do not have the same level of authority or expectation of control over the spaces or items to be searched.

Question 13

In  Illinois v. Rodriquez (1990), SCOTUS applied what test to uphold a search of Edward Rodriquez's apartment? ​

Accepted Answer

In Illinois v. Rodriquez (1990), the Supreme Court applied the "apparent authority third-party consent test" to uphold the search. This test allows a search to be valid if the police reasonably believe that the person giving consent has the authority to do so, even if it turns out they do not.

Question 14

If a suspect is arrested in a vehicle, police, as part of the search incident to the arrest, may search the vehicle's trunk.

Accepted Answer

Police may search the passenger compartment of the vehicle incident to an arrest, but not the trunk, unless they have probable cause or a warrant.

Question 15

According to the empirical research about consent searches: ​

Accepted Answer

Lower courts tend to find that consent was voluntary in the vast majority of cases, except in very extreme circumstances. This reflects a general judicial deference to the validity of consent given during searches, assuming it was given without overt coercion or duress.

Question 16

According to the waiver test of consent: ​

Accepted Answer

A consent search is valid only if the person consenting voluntarily and knowingly waives their Fourth Amendment rights, meaning they understand and agree to the search without coercion.

Question 17

The "grabbable area" allows police to search: ​

Accepted Answer

The "grabbable area" doctrine allows police to search the area within the suspect's immediate control or "arm's length" to ensure officer safety and prevent the destruction of evidence.

Question 18

Law enforcement officers often prefer searches without warrants, because of the time or effort it takes to get a warrant issued.

Accepted Answer

Law enforcement officers may prefer warrantless searches in situations where they believe immediate action is necessary to prevent harm, destruction of evidence, or escape of a suspect, as obtaining a warrant can be time-consuming.

Question 19

The vehicle exception to the warrant requirement is based upon: ​

Accepted Answer

The vehicle exception to the warrant requirement is based on two primary factors: the inherent mobility of vehicles, which could allow evidence to be moved or destroyed before a warrant can be obtained, and the generally reduced expectation of privacy that individuals have in their vehicles compared to their homes, due to the pervasive regulation of vehicles by the government.

Question 20

The scope of a search incident to arrest includes the entire place where the suspect is arrested.

Accepted Answer

The scope of a search incident to arrest is generally limited to the area within the immediate control of the suspect, meaning the area from within which the suspect might gain possession of a weapon or destructible evidence.

Quiz 6: Searches for Evidence

In Illinois v. Rodriguez (1990) , the police conducted the consent search of the suspect's apartment based on the consent of the suspect's former girlfriend. According to the apparent authority of third-party consent theory:

In what landmark case did SCOTUS rule that a knock and talk violated the Fourth Amendment?

In Wyoming v. Houghton , concerning the search of a passenger's purse for drugs based on probable cause that drugs are in the vehicle, SCOTUS declared that:

Which of the following is true of most people who consent to searches by law enforcement?

Which of the following would not justify an emergency search?

The Fourth Amendment does not prohibit all "no-knock" entries.

What is the name of the practice of officers going to a person's residence, with or without any objective basis, and knocking on the door so as to obtain plain views of home interiors, question the residents, or ask for consent to search?

The criminal procedure value of balancing privacy and community safety weighs heavily on which side of the balance?

New York v. Belton (1981) extended the Chimel rule to:

A search warrant must specifically identify "the things to be seized." This particularity requirement may not be met by specifying an entire class of items.

When police arrest a suspect based on probable cause, but then conduct a search without probable cause or a warrant, the search is called a:

Concerning third-party consent to search, in which of the following situations can one person consent to a search for the other person?

In Illinois v. Rodriquez (1990) , SCOTUS applied what test to uphold a search of Edward Rodriquez's apartment?

If a suspect is arrested in a vehicle, police, as part of the search incident to the arrest, may search the vehicle's trunk.

According to the empirical research about consent searches:

According to the waiver test of consent:

The "grabbable area" allows police to search:

Law enforcement officers often prefer searches without warrants, because of the time or effort it takes to get a warrant issued.

The vehicle exception to the warrant requirement is based upon:

The scope of a search incident to arrest includes the entire place where the suspect is arrested.

Quiz 6: Searches for Evidence

In Illinois v. Rodriguez (1990) , the police conducted the consent search of the suspect's apartment based on the consent of the suspect's former girlfriend. According to the apparent authority of third-party consent theory: ​

In what landmark case did SCOTUS rule that a knock and talk violated the Fourth Amendment? ​

In Wyoming v. Houghton , concerning the search of a passenger's purse for drugs based on probable cause that drugs are in the vehicle, SCOTUS declared that: ​

Which of the following is true of most people who consent to searches by law enforcement? ​

Which of the following would not justify an emergency search? ​

The Fourth Amendment does not prohibit all "no-knock" entries.

What is the name of the practice of officers going to a person's residence, with or without any objective basis, and knocking on the door so as to obtain plain views of home interiors, question the residents, or ask for consent to search? ​

The criminal procedure value of balancing privacy and community safety weighs heavily on which side of the balance? ​

New York v. Belton (1981) extended the Chimel rule to: ​

A search warrant must specifically identify "the things to be seized." This particularity requirement may not be met by specifying an entire class of items.

When police arrest a suspect based on probable cause, but then conduct a search without probable cause or a warrant, the search is called a: ​

Concerning third-party consent to search, in which of the following situations can one person consent to a search for the other person? ​

In Illinois v. Rodriquez (1990) , SCOTUS applied what test to uphold a search of Edward Rodriquez's apartment? ​

If a suspect is arrested in a vehicle, police, as part of the search incident to the arrest, may search the vehicle's trunk.

According to the empirical research about consent searches: ​

According to the waiver test of consent: ​

The "grabbable area" allows police to search: ​

Law enforcement officers often prefer searches without warrants, because of the time or effort it takes to get a warrant issued.

The vehicle exception to the warrant requirement is based upon: ​

The scope of a search incident to arrest includes the entire place where the suspect is arrested.

In Illinois v. Rodriguez (1990) , the police conducted the consent search of the suspect's apartment based on the consent of the suspect's former girlfriend. According to the apparent authority of third-party consent theory:

In what landmark case did SCOTUS rule that a knock and talk violated the Fourth Amendment?

In Wyoming v. Houghton , concerning the search of a passenger's purse for drugs based on probable cause that drugs are in the vehicle, SCOTUS declared that:

Which of the following is true of most people who consent to searches by law enforcement?

Which of the following would not justify an emergency search?

What is the name of the practice of officers going to a person's residence, with or without any objective basis, and knocking on the door so as to obtain plain views of home interiors, question the residents, or ask for consent to search?

The criminal procedure value of balancing privacy and community safety weighs heavily on which side of the balance?

New York v. Belton (1981) extended the Chimel rule to:

When police arrest a suspect based on probable cause, but then conduct a search without probable cause or a warrant, the search is called a:

Concerning third-party consent to search, in which of the following situations can one person consent to a search for the other person?

In Illinois v. Rodriquez (1990) , SCOTUS applied what test to uphold a search of Edward Rodriquez's apartment?

According to the empirical research about consent searches:

According to the waiver test of consent:

The "grabbable area" allows police to search:

The vehicle exception to the warrant requirement is based upon: