Question 1

Suppose the surface temperature of the Sun were about 18,000 K,rather than 6,000 K.How much more thermal radiation would the Sun emit? How would the thermal radiation spectrum of the Sun be different?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose the surface temperature of the Sun...

Question 2

What is the difference between energy and power?

Accepted Answer

Power refers to the rate at which energy is used or transferred. It is measured in watts (W), which is one joule per second (J/s). Energy, on the other hand, is a measure of the total amount of work that can be done. It is measured in joules (J). Therefore, power is the rate of energy transfer or use, while energy is the total amount of work that can be done.

Question 3

Briefly explain how we can use spectral lines to determine an object's rotation rate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain how we can use spectral...

Question 4

What do we mean when we say that electron energy levels in atoms are quantized?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What do we mean when we say...

Question 5

Process of Science: A beam of sunlight passing through a prism breaks up into a rainbow of colors.Some people thought the colors came from the prism itself.Describe a testable hypothesis of this explanation and explain how Newton showed it could not be true.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Process of Science: A beam of sunlight...

Question 6

The following questions refer to the diagram below.The levels represent energy levels in a hydrogen atom.Each level is labeled with its energy (above the ground state of Level 1)in units of electron/volts (eV).The labeled transitions represent an electron moving between energy levels.
 
-Which transition represents an electron that is breaking free of the atom?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the diagram...

Question 7

Process of Science: The theory of thermal radiation says that hot objects are bluer than cool objects.Does it depend on what the object is made of? How can you test this?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Process of Science: The theory of thermal...

Question 8

An isotope of fluorine has 9 protons and 10 neutrons.What are the atomic number and atomic weight of this fluorine? If we added a proton to this fluorine nucleus,would the result still be fluorine? What if we added a neutron instead? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An isotope of fluorine has 9 protons...

Question 9

Briefly explain why spectral lines are useful in determining the temperature of their source.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain why spectral lines are useful...

Question 10

The most common isotope of uranium is U-238,but the form used in nuclear bombs and nuclear power plants is U-235.Given that uranium has atomic number 92,how many neutrons are in each of these two isotopes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common isotope of uranium is...

Question 11

Briefly explain how we can use spectral lines to determine an object's radial motion.Can we also learn the object's tangential motion (across our line of sight)from its spectral lines?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain how we can use spectral...

Question 12

Suppose you watch a leaf bobbing up and down as ripples pass it by in a pond.You notice that it does two full up and down bobs each second.Which statement is true of the ripples on the pond?

Accepted Answer

The frequency of the leaf's bobbing is 2 Hz. This means that it completes two full cycles (one up and one down) every second as it is being affected by the passing ripples. Therefore, the ripples themselves also have a frequency of 2 Hz.

Question 13

The following questions refer to the diagram below.The levels represent energy levels in a hydrogen atom.Each level is labeled with its energy (above the ground state of Level 1)in units of electron/volts (eV).The labeled transitions represent an electron moving between energy levels.
 
-Which transition represents an electron that absorbs a photon with 10.2 eV of energy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the diagram...

Question 14

The following questions refer to the diagram below.The levels represent energy levels in a hydrogen atom.Each level is labeled with its energy (above the ground state of Level 1)in units of electron/volts (eV).The labeled transitions represent an electron moving between energy levels.
 
-Which transition,as shown,is not possible?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the diagram...

Question 15

Visible light from a distant star can be spread into a spectrum by using a glass prism or

Accepted Answer

A diffraction grating is commonly used to spread light into a spectrum by diffracting the light and splitting it into its spectral components. While a glass prism can also be used, a diffraction grating is typically more precise in separating the different wavelengths of light. Adaptive optics and a telescope are not used for this specific purpose, and a flat glass mirror would not be able to split the light into a spectrum.

Question 16

The following questions refer to the diagram below.The levels represent energy levels in a hydrogen atom.Each level is labeled with its energy (above the ground state of Level 1)in units of electron/volts (eV).The labeled transitions represent an electron moving between energy levels.
 
-Which transition represents the electron that emits a photon with the highest energy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the diagram...

Question 17

The most common isotope of oxygen has atomic number 8 and atomic weight 16.Another isotope has two extra neutrons.What are the atomic number and atomic weight of this isotope?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common isotope of oxygen has...

Question 18

State the two laws of thermal radiation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of State the two laws of thermal radiation....

Question 19

The most common isotope of gold has atomic number 79 and atomic weight 197.How many protons and neutrons does the gold nucleus contain? Assuming the gold is electrically neutral,how many electrons does it have? If the gold is triply ionized,how many electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common isotope of gold has...

Question 20

Briefly explain why spectral lines are useful in determining the chemical composition of their source.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain why spectral lines are useful...

Quiz 5: Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos

Suppose the surface temperature of the Sun were about 18,000 K,rather than 6,000 K.How much more thermal radiation would the Sun emit? How would the thermal radiation spectrum of the Sun be different?

What is the difference between energy and power?

Briefly explain how we can use spectral lines to determine an object's rotation rate.

What do we mean when we say that electron energy levels in atoms are quantized?

Process of Science: A beam of sunlight passing through a prism breaks up into a rainbow of colors.Some people thought the colors came from the prism itself.Describe a testable hypothesis of this explanation and explain how Newton showed it could not be true.

Process of Science: The theory of thermal radiation says that hot objects are bluer than cool objects.Does it depend on what the object is made of? How can you test this?

An isotope of fluorine has 9 protons and 10 neutrons.What are the atomic number and atomic weight of this fluorine? If we added a proton to this fluorine nucleus,would the result still be fluorine? What if we added a neutron instead? Explain.

Briefly explain why spectral lines are useful in determining the temperature of their source.

The most common isotope of uranium is U-238,but the form used in nuclear bombs and nuclear power plants is U-235.Given that uranium has atomic number 92,how many neutrons are in each of these two isotopes?

Briefly explain how we can use spectral lines to determine an object's radial motion.Can we also learn the object's tangential motion (across our line of sight)from its spectral lines?

Suppose you watch a leaf bobbing up and down as ripples pass it by in a pond.You notice that it does two full up and down bobs each second.Which statement is true of the ripples on the pond?

Visible light from a distant star can be spread into a spectrum by using a glass prism or

The most common isotope of oxygen has atomic number 8 and atomic weight 16.Another isotope has two extra neutrons.What are the atomic number and atomic weight of this isotope?

State the two laws of thermal radiation.

The most common isotope of gold has atomic number 79 and atomic weight 197.How many protons and neutrons does the gold nucleus contain? Assuming the gold is electrically neutral,how many electrons does it have? If the gold is triply ionized,how many electrons does it have?

Briefly explain why spectral lines are useful in determining the chemical composition of their source.