Question 1

The climate, soil, plants, and animals are all part of the __________ environment.

Accepted Answer

The natural physical-biological environment encompasses all of the living and non-living components of an ecosystem, including the climate, soil, plants, and animals. This is distinct from the human-built environment or the social-cultural environment, which refer to the constructed, social and cultural aspects of our surroundings. The postindustrial environment may refer to the changes in the environment resulting from industrialization and its aftermath, but it is not as comprehensive as the natural physical-biological environment.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a key concept of exchange theory?

Accepted Answer

Exchange theory primarily focuses on social behavior and interactions, emphasizing the roles of resources, power dynamics within relationships (such as family power), and social support. The physical environment, while it can influence social interactions, is not a core concept of exchange theory, which is more concerned with the cost-benefit analyses of social interactions and the resources exchanged within them.

Question 3

Theoretical perspectives are ways of

Accepted Answer

Theoretical perspectives provide a framework for viewing and interpreting reality, rather than determining absolute truth or conducting scientific tests. They offer different lenses through which an observer can organize and understand the world around them.

Question 4

Personal experience provides us with information, but it can also act as _________, which is why we need scientific study.

Accepted Answer

Personal experience can limit our perspective and prevent us from seeing the broader picture, acting as "blinders" that restrict our understanding, which is why scientific study is necessary to gain a more comprehensive understanding.

Question 5

Which of the following theoretical perspectives is concerned with the impact of family policy?

Accepted Answer

Family ecology is the theoretical perspective that is concerned with the impact of family policy. It focuses on how social and economic policies affect families and how families in turn adapt to these policies. Attachment, family systems, and conflict perspectives are more concerned with internal family dynamics and relationships.

Question 6

The __________ perspective focuses on how the family influences and is influenced by the environments that surround it.

Accepted Answer

The family ecology perspective, as the name suggests, takes into consideration the ecological surroundings of the family and how it influences the family and vice versa. This perspective also looks at how the family copes with changes in the environment and how it affects family well-being.

Question 7

While part of being a scientist is having objectivity, in reality

Accepted Answer

Total neutrality is impossible for anyone, including scientists. While scientists strive for objectivity, they are still influenced by their own biases, beliefs, and experiences. It is important for scientists to recognize and acknowledge their biases to minimize their impact on their research.

Question 8

The idea that there are naturally two very distinct genders is called

Accepted Answer

The idea that there are naturally two very distinct genders is referred to as gender dichotomy. It is the belief that individuals can only be male or female and that these two categories are completely separate from each other in terms of behavior, personality, and traits. This belief has been challenged by many academics who argue that gender is a social construct and that individuals can express themselves in ways that go beyond binary gender categories.

Question 9

What is the primary reason, according to the text, that the transition to adulthood has become elongated?

Accepted Answer

The text states that "young people are taking longer to reach the milestones of adulthood, such as finishing school, establishing themselves in a career, buying a home and getting married" primarily due to "economic factors" such as "slower earnings growth" and "higher housing costs."

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a neighborhood risk factor which puts children at greater risk for negative outcomes including violence?

Accepted Answer

Homogeneous neighborhoods actually have been found to have a protective effect for children, as they often have tight-knit community structures and stronger social support networks. Poverty, low adult educational attainment, and a higher percentage of female-headed households have all been shown to increase the risk for negative outcomes, including violence, in children.

Question 11

A strength of the __________ perspective is that it challenges the idea that family success depends solely on individual effort.

Accepted Answer

The family ecology perspective emphasizes that family success is not solely determined by individual effort, but also by larger social and environmental factors outside of the family. This challenges the individualistic approach often taken by the structure-functional perspective, which emphasizes the importance of individual roles and relationships within the family.

Question 12

The text observes that most people grow up in some form of family and know something about what marriages and families are. But while personal experience provides us with information, it can also act as

Accepted Answer

Personal experience can limit our perspective and prevent us from considering other possibilities or viewpoints, like blinders on a horse.

Question 13

Economic _________has affected bread-winning and consumption in American families.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Economic _________has affected bread-winning and consumption in...

Question 14

The family ecology perspective believes every family is embedded in a set of  _________, which exist outside of the family and influence it.

Accepted Answer

The family ecology perspective posits that families are influenced by and interact with various environmental systems or "nested structures" around them, such as the community, society, and cultural norms.

Question 15

The _________ hypothesis proposes that work-marriage-family sequence is thought to be best for mental health and happiness.

Accepted Answer

The normative order hypothesis proposes that there is a sequence of events that is seen as the "normal" or "ideal" path in life, which includes completing education, starting a career, getting married and having children. This sequence is thought to be associated with better mental health and happiness.

Question 16

According to the family life course development framework, each developmental task has a certain order in which major transitions to adult roles take place, called _______.

Accepted Answer

According to the family life course development framework, each developmental task has a certain order in which major transitions to adult roles take place, called role sequencing.

Question 17

The pressure to achieve and the isolation of children from busy parents are all part of the __________ environment.

Accepted Answer

The pressure to achieve and the isolation of children from busy parents are both social-cultural factors, meaning that they are influenced by the cultural norms, values, and beliefs of a society. The other options - human-built, natural physical-biological, and postindustrial - do not accurately describe the factors at play in this scenario.

Question 18

Today's family ecologists stress the interdependence of all the world's families, not only with one another but also with our planet's __________ environment.

Accepted Answer

The sentence refers to the planet's environment, which is physical in nature. Internal and family environments are not relevant here, and while living-learning environments exist, it is not mentioned in the sentence.

Question 19

Theoretical perspectives or theories can increase our __________ families and family life.

Accepted Answer

Theoretical perspectives or theories aim to enhance our comprehension and explanation of phenomena, including families and family life. The use of theoretical perspectives provides a framework that enables us to understand the different aspects of families, including behavior, relationships, and structure. By improving our understanding of family life, we can identify potential problems, develop interventions or programs that address the needs of families, and facilitate positive outcomes. Theoretical perspectives are not intended to control families or categorize them arbitrarily but to enhance our comprehension of their complexities.

Question 20

A possible disadvantage of the family ecology perspective is that it is __________.

Accepted Answer

The family ecology perspective can be seen as too broad and inclusive because it attempts to understand family life within a wide context of the environment and society, which can sometimes dilute the focus on specific family dynamics and issues.

Quiz 2: Exploring Relationships and Families