Question 1

Parents try to channel children's impulses into socially acceptable outlets and teach them the skills and rules needed to function in society. This process is known as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Socialization refers to the process by which individuals learn the values, norms, beliefs, and behaviors of their culture and acquire the skills and knowledge necessary for active participation in society. Culture-training and parenting styles such as authoritarian and authoritative parenting are specific aspects of socialization.

Question 2

Elliott's authoritarian parents have set a curfew of midnight for him on weekend nights. When Elliott comes home at 12:30 a.m. (after curfew)and explains that he is late because of car trouble, his parents most likely will ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parents are strict, expect obedience without explanation, and are less likely to consider children's explanations or excuses, leading to punishment without discussion for breaking rules.

Question 3

One piece of evidence that supports the argument that day care does not harm the emotional development of infants is that infants in day care ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that infants in day care have increased intelligence scores, which suggests that their emotional development is not being hindered. Option A is incorrect as studies have shown that infants in day care do not show signs of impaired emotional relations at home. Option B is incorrect as studies have shown that infants in day care do not prefer their daytime caregivers to their mothers. Option D is incorrect as studies have shown that infants in day care do not have heightened rates of insecure attachment.

Question 4

Linda and Stu are the parents of two teenagers. Stu likes to reason with the children and discuss the limits he is setting. Linda likes to lay down the law and take no arguments from the children. According to the textbook, Stu displays a(n)____ parenting style, and Linda displays a(n)____ parenting style. ​

Accepted Answer

Stu's parenting style of reasoning and discussing limits with the children is characteristic of an authoritative parenting style. Linda's parenting style of laying down the law and not entertaining arguments is characteristic of an authoritarian parenting style. Therefore, Stu displays an authoritative parenting style, and Linda displays an authoritarian parenting style. Choice D - authoritative for Stu and authoritarian for Linda - best reflects their respective parenting styles.

Question 5

Susie and Ryan are playing house outside. Susie is pretending to bake cookies and clean the house, while Ryan is pretending to take care of the lawn and fix the car. Susie and Ryan's behaviors are examples of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Susie and Ryan's behaviors are examples of gender role-play, as they are engaging in activities that are traditionally associated with certain gender roles.

Question 6

Baillargeon's research on infants and false beliefs revealed that infants do have some understanding of other people's behavior and can recognize that their thinking might differ from other people's. This research is important because it establishes evidence that children under the age of four ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Baillargeon's research on infants and false beliefs showed that infants have a basic understanding of other people's behavior and can recognize when someone else's thinking differs from their own. This ability is known as having a "theory of mind," which is a key milestone in early childhood development. Therefore, children under the age of four possess a theory of mind.

Question 7

Mr. Nguyen is a very warm and caring boss. He often meets with his employees to discuss their work. His employees know what the rules are and why they help make the company more productive. If Mr. Nguyen's parenting style is similar to his managerial style, it will be ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Mr. Nguyen's warm and caring approach to management suggests that he values communication and collaboration with his employees. This aligns with the authoritative parenting style, which emphasizes clear rules and expectations, while also being responsive to the needs and opinions of children. The other options (permissive, neglectful, and authoritarian) do not match the characteristics described in the passage.

Question 8

Ginny, a junior in high school, has been sexually active for about a year. Amber is also a junior in high school but is not sexually active. Ginny is ____ likely than Amber to have ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ginny, a junior in high school, has...

Question 9

People who engage in _____ use communications through Internet devices to torment their victims. ​

Accepted Answer

Cyberbullying involves using digital communications to harass, intimidate, or embarrass someone else. This is often done repeatedly and can be particularly harmful because it can happen at all hours of the day or night, and messages can be forwarded or shared easily with a very wide audience. Sexual harassment, dialectical thinking, and empathy are not related to cyberbullying.

Question 10

Velma has low self-esteem and is prone to aggressive and angry outbursts. She is moody and tends to disobey her teachers when they tell her to pay attention or complete her homework. Based on these behavior patterns, Velma is most likely being raised by a(n)____ parent. ​

Accepted Answer

Velma's behavior suggests she may be experiencing neglect or a lack of guidance and attention, which is characteristic of an uninvolved parenting style. Uninvolved parents are often detached from their children's lives, leading to issues like low self-esteem and behavioral problems in children.

Question 11

Trina's parents give her complete freedom while she is growing up, rarely disciplining her. Her parents' parenting style would most likely be called ____, and Trina is likely ____ as a young girl. ​

Accepted Answer

Trina's parents' lack of discipline and complete freedom suggests a permissive parenting style. This may lead Trina to become dependent on her parents and struggle with making decisions on her own.

Question 12

Tashi is a quiet, withdrawn child at school but does have one close friend. Socially, Tashi is most likely a ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Tashi's description of being quiet and withdrawn but having one close friend suggests that they are a neglected child. Neglected children are not actively rejected or disliked by their peers, but they tend to be unnoticed or overlooked in social situations.

Question 13

Cheri, a first-grader, acts immature for her age. She frequently throws temper tantrums in school and is very dependent on her mother and teacher. She strikes others as a fairly unhappy child. Cheri's parents are most likely ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Cheri is showing signs of being insecurely attached and seeking attention and validation from authority figures. This is most commonly seen in children of permissive parents who provide little structure or guidance, leading the child to feel overwhelmed and out of control. Authoritative parents provide guidance and structure while also being responsive and nurturing, leading to securely attached children. Authoritarian parents provide structure but are not responsive or nurturing, leading to insecurely attached children who may develop anxiety or depression. Ambivalent attachment is characterized by inconsistent parenting and can lead to an unpredictable and anxious child.

Question 14

Seth wants his little girl, Tessa, to grow up to be friendly, self-reliant, and cooperative. According to Baumrind, Seth may want to consider adopting a(n)____ parenting style. ​

Accepted Answer

The authoritative parenting style fosters warmth, clear communication, high expectations, and reasonable consequences. This style encourages children to be independent, while still respecting their parents and the rules of the household. It is effective in promoting social competence and self-esteem in children.

Question 15

When Claude is angry, he has learned to count to ten in order to control his anger. This is an example of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Self-regulation refers to the ability to control one's behavior, emotions, and thoughts in order to achieve a goal or adapt to a situation. Claude's counting to ten is a self-regulation strategy that helps him manage his anger. Empathy refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of others, pretend play involves acting out imaginative scenarios, and conservation refers to the understanding that certain properties of an object (such as its mass or volume) remain the same even if its appearance changes.

Question 16

Which statement is true about pretend play? ​

Accepted Answer

Pretend play provides a way for children to communicate their desires and feelings through imaginative play. Option A is false as children as young as two years old engage in pretend play. Option B is only a partial aspect of pretend play as it also includes creating imaginary scenarios and exploring different roles. Option D is false as all children engage in pretend play regardless of popularity.

Question 17

Mark has always put his career first. He does not spend much time with his two sons and lets them come and go as they please without question. According to the textbook, Mark's parenting style is best characterized as ____.

Accepted Answer

Mark's lack of involvement and neglect of his sons suggests an uninvolved parenting style.

Question 18

Two and a half-year-old Emma asks her mother if she can wear her pink princess outfit and eat licorice for lunch, but her mother refuses, insisting that Emma wear and eat what her mom considers more appropriate. According to Erikson, Emma is experiencing the crisis of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The crisis of autonomy vs. shame and doubt occurs during early childhood, around ages 1-3, and involves children exploring and asserting their independence. Emma's desire to choose her own outfit and food represents this desire for independence, while her mother's refusal may lead to feelings of shame and doubt about her abilities to make her own choices.

Question 19

Emily is very controlling and never allows her daughter, Jill, to initiate any activities. According to Erikson, eventually Jill will most likely experience ____ when she tries to act independently. ​

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the stage of initiative versus guilt occurs during early childhood (ages 3 to 6) and is characterized by children needing to assert their independence and control over their environment. Emily's controlling behavior may inhibit Jill's ability to freely explore and take risks, leading to feelings of guilt when she tries to act independently. Therefore, the most likely outcome is the development of a sense of guilt.

Question 20

Which statement suggests a genetic basis for gender differences? ​

Accepted Answer

Finding similar gender differences across cultures suggests a genetic basis for these differences, as they persist regardless of social or cultural context. Differential treatment by parents, media influence, and peer pressure are all social factors that can contribute to gender differences, but they do not necessarily suggest a genetic basis.

Quiz 11: Human Development

Parents try to channel children's impulses into socially acceptable outlets and teach them the skills and rules needed to function in society. This process is known as ____.

Elliott's authoritarian parents have set a curfew of midnight for him on weekend nights. When Elliott comes home at 12:30 a.m. (after curfew) and explains that he is late because of car trouble, his parents most likely will ____.

One piece of evidence that supports the argument that day care does not harm the emotional development of infants is that infants in day care ____.

Linda and Stu are the parents of two teenagers. Stu likes to reason with the children and discuss the limits he is setting. Linda likes to lay down the law and take no arguments from the children. According to the textbook, Stu displays a(n) parenting style, and Linda displays a(n) parenting style.

Susie and Ryan are playing house outside. Susie is pretending to bake cookies and clean the house, while Ryan is pretending to take care of the lawn and fix the car. Susie and Ryan's behaviors are examples of ____.

Baillargeon's research on infants and false beliefs revealed that infants do have some understanding of other people's behavior and can recognize that their thinking might differ from other people's. This research is important because it establishes evidence that children under the age of four ____.

Mr. Nguyen is a very warm and caring boss. He often meets with his employees to discuss their work. His employees know what the rules are and why they help make the company more productive. If Mr. Nguyen's parenting style is similar to his managerial style, it will be ____.

Ginny, a junior in high school, has been sexually active for about a year. Amber is also a junior in high school but is not sexually active. Ginny is likely than Amber to have .

People who engage in _____ use communications through Internet devices to torment their victims.

Velma has low self-esteem and is prone to aggressive and angry outbursts. She is moody and tends to disobey her teachers when they tell her to pay attention or complete her homework. Based on these behavior patterns, Velma is most likely being raised by a(n) ____ parent.

Trina's parents give her complete freedom while she is growing up, rarely disciplining her. Her parents' parenting style would most likely be called , and Trina is likely as a young girl.

Tashi is a quiet, withdrawn child at school but does have one close friend. Socially, Tashi is most likely a ____.

Cheri, a first-grader, acts immature for her age. She frequently throws temper tantrums in school and is very dependent on her mother and teacher. She strikes others as a fairly unhappy child. Cheri's parents are most likely ____.

Seth wants his little girl, Tessa, to grow up to be friendly, self-reliant, and cooperative. According to Baumrind, Seth may want to consider adopting a(n) ____ parenting style.

When Claude is angry, he has learned to count to ten in order to control his anger. This is an example of ____.

Which statement is true about pretend play?

Mark has always put his career first. He does not spend much time with his two sons and lets them come and go as they please without question. According to the textbook, Mark's parenting style is best characterized as ____.

Two and a half-year-old Emma asks her mother if she can wear her pink princess outfit and eat licorice for lunch, but her mother refuses, insisting that Emma wear and eat what her mom considers more appropriate. According to Erikson, Emma is experiencing the crisis of ____.

Emily is very controlling and never allows her daughter, Jill, to initiate any activities. According to Erikson, eventually Jill will most likely experience ____ when she tries to act independently.

Which statement suggests a genetic basis for gender differences?

Quiz 11: Human Development

Parents try to channel children's impulses into socially acceptable outlets and teach them the skills and rules needed to function in society. This process is known as ____. ​

Elliott's authoritarian parents have set a curfew of midnight for him on weekend nights. When Elliott comes home at 12:30 a.m. (after curfew) and explains that he is late because of car trouble, his parents most likely will ____. ​

One piece of evidence that supports the argument that day care does not harm the emotional development of infants is that infants in day care ____. ​

Susie and Ryan are playing house outside. Susie is pretending to bake cookies and clean the house, while Ryan is pretending to take care of the lawn and fix the car. Susie and Ryan's behaviors are examples of ____. ​

Mr. Nguyen is a very warm and caring boss. He often meets with his employees to discuss their work. His employees know what the rules are and why they help make the company more productive. If Mr. Nguyen's parenting style is similar to his managerial style, it will be ____. ​

Ginny, a junior in high school, has been sexually active for about a year. Amber is also a junior in high school but is not sexually active. Ginny is ____ likely than Amber to have ____. ​

People who engage in _____ use communications through Internet devices to torment their victims. ​

Velma has low self-esteem and is prone to aggressive and angry outbursts. She is moody and tends to disobey her teachers when they tell her to pay attention or complete her homework. Based on these behavior patterns, Velma is most likely being raised by a(n) ____ parent. ​

Trina's parents give her complete freedom while she is growing up, rarely disciplining her. Her parents' parenting style would most likely be called ____, and Trina is likely ____ as a young girl. ​

Tashi is a quiet, withdrawn child at school but does have one close friend. Socially, Tashi is most likely a ____. ​

Cheri, a first-grader, acts immature for her age. She frequently throws temper tantrums in school and is very dependent on her mother and teacher. She strikes others as a fairly unhappy child. Cheri's parents are most likely ____. ​

Seth wants his little girl, Tessa, to grow up to be friendly, self-reliant, and cooperative. According to Baumrind, Seth may want to consider adopting a(n) ____ parenting style. ​

When Claude is angry, he has learned to count to ten in order to control his anger. This is an example of ____. ​

Which statement is true about pretend play? ​

Mark has always put his career first. He does not spend much time with his two sons and lets them come and go as they please without question. According to the textbook, Mark's parenting style is best characterized as ____.

Two and a half-year-old Emma asks her mother if she can wear her pink princess outfit and eat licorice for lunch, but her mother refuses, insisting that Emma wear and eat what her mom considers more appropriate. According to Erikson, Emma is experiencing the crisis of ____. ​

Emily is very controlling and never allows her daughter, Jill, to initiate any activities. According to Erikson, eventually Jill will most likely experience ____ when she tries to act independently. ​

Which statement suggests a genetic basis for gender differences? ​

Parents try to channel children's impulses into socially acceptable outlets and teach them the skills and rules needed to function in society. This process is known as ____.

Elliott's authoritarian parents have set a curfew of midnight for him on weekend nights. When Elliott comes home at 12:30 a.m. (after curfew) and explains that he is late because of car trouble, his parents most likely will ____.

One piece of evidence that supports the argument that day care does not harm the emotional development of infants is that infants in day care ____.

Susie and Ryan are playing house outside. Susie is pretending to bake cookies and clean the house, while Ryan is pretending to take care of the lawn and fix the car. Susie and Ryan's behaviors are examples of ____.

Mr. Nguyen is a very warm and caring boss. He often meets with his employees to discuss their work. His employees know what the rules are and why they help make the company more productive. If Mr. Nguyen's parenting style is similar to his managerial style, it will be ____.

Ginny, a junior in high school, has been sexually active for about a year. Amber is also a junior in high school but is not sexually active. Ginny is likely than Amber to have .

People who engage in _____ use communications through Internet devices to torment their victims.

Velma has low self-esteem and is prone to aggressive and angry outbursts. She is moody and tends to disobey her teachers when they tell her to pay attention or complete her homework. Based on these behavior patterns, Velma is most likely being raised by a(n) ____ parent.

Trina's parents give her complete freedom while she is growing up, rarely disciplining her. Her parents' parenting style would most likely be called , and Trina is likely as a young girl.

Tashi is a quiet, withdrawn child at school but does have one close friend. Socially, Tashi is most likely a ____.

Cheri, a first-grader, acts immature for her age. She frequently throws temper tantrums in school and is very dependent on her mother and teacher. She strikes others as a fairly unhappy child. Cheri's parents are most likely ____.

Seth wants his little girl, Tessa, to grow up to be friendly, self-reliant, and cooperative. According to Baumrind, Seth may want to consider adopting a(n) ____ parenting style.

When Claude is angry, he has learned to count to ten in order to control his anger. This is an example of ____.

Which statement is true about pretend play?

Two and a half-year-old Emma asks her mother if she can wear her pink princess outfit and eat licorice for lunch, but her mother refuses, insisting that Emma wear and eat what her mom considers more appropriate. According to Erikson, Emma is experiencing the crisis of ____.

Emily is very controlling and never allows her daughter, Jill, to initiate any activities. According to Erikson, eventually Jill will most likely experience ____ when she tries to act independently.

Which statement suggests a genetic basis for gender differences?