Question 1

Currently, no effective pharmacological interventions for ____.

Accepted Answer

Currently, there are effective pharmacological interventions for opioid abuse (e.g., methadone, buprenorphine), nicotine abuse (e.g., nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline), and alcohol abuse (e.g., naltrexone, acamprosate). However, there are no widely accepted or specifically approved pharmacological treatments for stimulant abuse, making it a significant challenge in addiction medicine.

Question 2

Why has methadone treatment turned from being a simple solution to a major problem?

Accepted Answer

Methadone, while used as a treatment to help people reduce or quit their use of heroin or other opiates, can itself lead to addiction. This is because methadone is also an opioid, and its use can result in physical dependence.

Question 3

Peggy says that since she has gotten to know George, she realizes that he has an alcoholic personality. According to the research on substance abuse and personality traits, which statement would be most accurate ?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that while certain personality traits may be associated with substance abuse, there is no evidence supporting the existence of a singular "alcoholic personality." Different individuals may have varying traits that predispose them to alcoholism, but these do not coalesce into a single, identifiable personality type.

Question 4

Mr. Henderson leaves work every Friday, cashes his check, and heads to the local casino. He usually spends his entire pay check there in one night, and then heads home with a list of excuses for his wife. They are about to lose their house because they cannot pay their mortgage. This case illustrates ____.

Accepted Answer

This case illustrates gambling disorder, characterized by the inability to resist the urge to gamble despite negative personal consequences, such as financial loss and strain on relationships.

Question 5

A company wants to reduce its health care costs by finding an effective way to help cigarette smokers quit permanently. Research suggests that the best medication treatment is ____.

Accepted Answer

Varenicline has been shown to be more effective than other single-product therapies like nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and naltrexone for helping people quit smoking. It works by blocking nicotine receptors in the brain, which reduces the pleasure derived from smoking and eases withdrawal symptoms.

Question 6

Which statement accurately reflects our knowledge of the causes of drug use?

Accepted Answer

Drug use is a complex phenomenon influenced by a combination of biological, psychological, social, and sociocultural factors. No single cause can explain why individuals start or continue to use drugs, and research supports the idea that a multifaceted approach is necessary to understand drug use behaviors.

Question 7

Based on the research, which adolescent would be most likely to respond to peer pressure?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on the research, which adolescent would...

Question 8

Jean just returned from active duty in a war zone. He has been experiencing hyperarousal and reexperiencing the traumatic events he encountered. Which substance is he most likely to turn to first?

Accepted Answer

Marijuana is often used by individuals with PTSD to self-medicate due to its calming effects, which can help alleviate symptoms like hyperarousal and reexperiencing traumatic events.

Question 9

What is a psychological treatment approach that addresses ambivalence about giving up substance use and is used to prevent relapse?

Accepted Answer

Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) is designed to address ambivalence toward change in substance use behavior, making it an effective approach for preventing relapse and encouraging commitment to change.

Question 10

A woman in treatment for alcohol-use disorder is allowed to consume one drink at an outing as part of her program. What is this called?

Accepted Answer

Controlled drinking refers to a treatment approach where the individual with alcohol-use disorder is allowed to consume alcohol in a moderate and controlled manner, rather than abstaining completely. This method is used in certain therapeutic settings to manage and reduce alcohol intake.

Question 11

A problem with using Antabuse to help alcoholics stop drinking is that ____.

Accepted Answer

Antabuse (disulfiram) works by causing unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed, but its effectiveness is limited by inconsistent use among alcoholics, partly due to its adverse effects. Additionally, there is limited evidence supporting its effectiveness, making it less reliable as a treatment option.

Question 12

Marlon is physically dependent on heroin. If he stops using the drug, he may ____.

Accepted Answer

When someone is physically dependent on heroin, stopping its use can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as restlessness, muscle pain, insomnia, and cold flashes.

Question 13

Mindy, a 20-year-old female, and Mork, a 20-year-old male, are both in rehabilitation for problems with drug abuse. Which statement would be most accurate concerning their risk of relapse?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that women may be more susceptible to drug relapse due to a variety of factors including hormonal differences, social pressures, and emotional states.

Question 14

Ed has been prescribed methadone because he is addicted to heroin. How does it help?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ed has been prescribed methadone because he...

Question 15

Which patient is getting the correct pharmacological treatment for his or her drug abuse problem?

Accepted Answer

Naltrexone is used to treat alcohol dependence, making it the correct pharmacological treatment for Ilene, who drinks heavily. Methadone is used for opioid dependence, not marijuana. Antabuse is used for alcohol dependence, not cocaine. Nicotine patches are used for smoking cessation, not heroin addiction.

Question 16

Information campaigns in the media and school-based efforts to reestablish norms against drug use and for abstinence are examples of ____.

Accepted Answer

These are examples of prevention programs, which aim to prevent or reduce drug use by influencing attitudes and behaviors through information and education.

Question 17

Which terms indicates intoxication from chemical vapors found in a variety of common household products?

Accepted Answer

"Huffing" is a term used to describe the inhalation of chemical vapors found in a variety of common household products, such as glue, paint, and cleaning solvents.

Question 18

Who has a higher risk of developing Internet gaming disorder?

Accepted Answer

Asian adolescent males have been identified in research as having a higher risk of developing Internet gaming disorder compared to other demographic groups. This is due to a combination of cultural, social, and possibly access-related factors that make online gaming particularly appealing and potentially problematic among this group.

Question 19

Stanley has entered a rehabilitation facility for treatment of his addiction to barbiturates. He is immediately prevented from using the drugs and experiences agitation, restlessness, increased respiration, and insomnia. This phase of treatment is called ____.

Accepted Answer

Detoxification is the process of allowing the body to rid itself of a drug while managing the symptoms of withdrawal. In Stanley's case, the symptoms he experiences are indicative of withdrawal from barbiturates, which is part of the detoxification process.

Question 20

Research on the Alcoholics Anonymous program suggests that it is ____

Accepted Answer

Research on Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) has shown that participation in the program can lead to increased feelings of self-efficacy, active coping, and the motivation to stop drinking. These factors are important predictors of a positive outcome in the treatment of alcoholism. While AA has been found beneficial for many, claims of superiority to individual psychotherapy or hospitalization, and the specific effectiveness rate of 95% for those who remain in the program for two years, are not supported by the broad consensus of research literature.

Quiz 11: Substance-Related and Other Addictive Disorders