Question 1

Joseph, a student in the abnormal psychology class, says, "Why are we studying Freud? All he ever talked about was sex and his theory is totally outdated!" A valid response from his professor would be ____.

Accepted Answer

Freud's theories, despite being controversial, laid the foundation for many aspects of modern psychology and psychotherapy, including the importance of early childhood experiences, the unconscious mind, and therapeutic insight.

Question 2

Constance was instructed by her therapist to say whatever came to mind, even if it was illogical or embarrassing. Her therapist was using which psychodynamic technique?

Accepted Answer

Free association is a technique used in psychoanalysis where the patient is encouraged to share thoughts, words, and anything else that comes to mind without censorship. This process aims to uncover unconscious thoughts and feelings.

Question 3

Patients in psychoanalysis unconsciously attempt to impede their treatment by preventing exposure of repressed material. This process is referred to as ____.

Accepted Answer

Resistance is the term used in psychoanalysis to describe patients' unconscious attempts to block the revelation of repressed memories and emotions.

Question 4

According to the psychodynamic model, people use unconscious strategies to protect their egos from anxieties. These strategies are called ____.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies brought into play by the unconscious mind to manipulate, deny, or distort reality in order to defend against feelings of anxiety and unacceptable impulses and to maintain one's self-schema.

Question 5

Two characters on the "Star Trek" television series, Mr. Spock and Commander Data, are completely logical. They make their decisions on the basis of realistic considerations, not emotions or moral judgment. From a psychodynamic perspective, their personalities are entirely ____.

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective involves different aspects of personality, including the id, ego, and superego. The ego is responsible for dealing with reality, making rational decisions, and mediating between the desires of the id and the morals of the superego. Since Mr. Spock and Commander Data make decisions based on realistic considerations and logic, their personalities align with the functions of the ego.

Question 6

After three sessions, Molly decides she is madly in love with Dr. Arnold. As a psychoanalyst, Dr. Arnold will most likely ____.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as transference, where a patient redirects emotions and feelings, often from their past, onto the therapist. It's a common occurrence in psychoanalytic therapy, and Dr. Arnold would likely interpret Molly's feelings as reflective of deeper issues in her relationships, rather than reciprocating or dismissing these feelings outright.

Question 7

Of the following, which client would be most likely to benefit from psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis typically involves extensive verbal interaction and exploration of the unconscious mind, which may not be suitable for individuals with limited verbal skills, those in immediate crisis needing quick intervention, or individuals with severe psychotic symptoms. A rich anxious young woman is more likely to have the resources, stability, and capacity for the introspective and communicative demands of psychoanalysis.

Question 8

Dr. Al-Suwaidi explains his clients' psychological problems by considering biological, psychological, social, and sociocultural explanations. He is using what the text refers to as the ____ model.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr. Al-Suwaidi explains his clients' psychological problems...

Question 9

Thuy is faced with a dilemma. She lives in a war-torn country in which for years, the economy has been severely disrupted. In order to feed herself and her children, she steals food, but she feels a great sense of guilt when she does. According to Freud, the personality structure involved in stealing food is the ____, whereas the one involved in the associated guilt is the ____.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of the psyche, the ego is the component that deals with reality and tries to meet the needs of the id in a socially acceptable way. In Thuy's case, the ego is involved in the decision to steal food as a means of survival. The superego, on the other hand, is the part of the personality that holds moral standards, ideals, and conscience. It is responsible for the guilt Thuy feels after stealing, as it judges her actions against her internalized sense of right and wrong.

Question 10

Unlike traditional psychoanalysts, post-Freudians tend to ____.

Accepted Answer

Post-Freudians often move away from Freud's heavy emphasis on sexual motivation as the primary driver of behavior, instead considering other factors such as social and cultural influences.

Question 11

Dr. Young says, "My client faced such severe traumas in her first five years of life that she blocked the memories from conscious recall. The result is that although she is 29 years old, and cannot remember her childhood." Dr. Young is describing the psychodynamic concept of ____.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Young is describing repression, a psychodynamic concept where traumatic memories are unconsciously blocked from conscious recall as a defense mechanism.

Question 12

Dr. O'Brien says, "Psychodynamic theory has had a significant impact on psychology because it is based largely on observations in controlled conditions. Further, the theory emphasizes freedom of choice, and the therapy is effective with all disorders." Which part of Dr. O'Brien's statement is accurate ?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis, a precursor to psychodynamic theory, has indeed had a significant impact on the field of psychology, influencing various aspects of psychological theory, therapy, and research.

Question 13

Which statement about interpersonal therapy is accurate ?

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal therapy focuses on the patient's current relationships and social interactions, rather than delving into past experiences. However, it does involve the exploration of past interpersonal relationships to understand and improve current interpersonal functioning, aligning it with psychodynamic ideas.

Question 14

Defense mechanisms ____.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are unconscious processes that protect individuals from anxiety and the awareness of internal or external dangers or stressors. They do not operate consciously (A), are used by all people not just those who are neurotic (C), and often distort reality rather than providing a realistic perspective (D).

Question 15

According to Freud, the two most important instincts in people are ____.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that the two primary drives or instincts in humans are sex (Eros or the life instinct) and aggression (Thanatos or the death instinct). These instincts are fundamental in his theory of psychoanalysis, influencing behavior and the dynamics of the psyche.

Question 16

A psychologist who sees a client's problems as caused by a lack of useful, productive behaviors and lack of consequences following inappropriate actions probably supports which model of psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

The behavioral model of psychopathology suggests that psychological problems are the result of learned behaviors that are maladaptive. This model emphasizes the role of learning, particularly through reinforcement and punishment, in the development and maintenance of both adaptive and maladaptive behaviors. The description given aligns with this perspective, focusing on the lack of productive behaviors and consequences for inappropriate actions.

Question 17

Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler were all considered ____.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler were all considered psychodynamic theorists. They each developed theories that expanded upon or diverged from Freud's original psychoanalytic perspective, focusing on the influence of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences on personality and behavior.

Question 18

Which model of psychopathology considers unconscious influences to be the motivation for behavior?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic model, rooted in the theories of Freud, emphasizes unconscious influences and childhood experiences as the primary motivators for behavior.

Question 19

Jason exploits other people and never feels guilty about it. He rarely helps other people and feels no pride when he does. According to psychodynamic thinking, Jason has ____.

Accepted Answer

Jason's behaviors suggest an underdeveloped superego, which in psychodynamic theory is responsible for moral standards and ideals. His lack of guilt and indifference to helping others indicate a weak superego.

Question 20

Psychodynamic theory ____.

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic theory uses insight on motivations to resolve childhood conflicts.

Quiz 2: Understanding and Treating Mental Disorders