Question 1

Research has shown that young infants do not see detail at a distance as well as adults do and need more contrast than adults in order to see well. According to the text, what research method was used? ​

Accepted Answer

The research method described involves measuring the amount of time a baby spends viewing a pattern, which aligns with studying visual attention and preference, indicating how well infants can see detail and contrast.

Question 2

Ava is almost 1 month old. What does she spend most of her day doing? ​

Accepted Answer

Newborns, like Ava, typically spend most of their day sleeping, often up to 16-17 hours a day, as it is crucial for their growth and development.

Question 3

Newborns show an innate preference for looking at faces. This preference ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The innate preference for looking at faces provides advantages that are important in social relationships. This has been observed not only in humans, but also in various primate species and other animals. The preference does not recede or disappear completely after the first months, but becomes more refined and specific over time.

Question 4

We produce many more synapses than we need, and then retain only those that are used in a "use it or lose it" fashion. What does this demonstrate?  ​

Accepted Answer

This demonstrates the important role of experience in wiring the brain, as synapses that are used are retained, while those that are not used are pruned away.

Question 5

Ethan is just 2 weeks old. His mother strokes his cheek and he turns toward the touch and opens his mouth. This is called the ____ reflex. ​

Accepted Answer

The rooting reflex is an automatic response in newborns where they turn their head and open their mouth toward a touch on their cheek, helping them find a nipple for feeding.

Question 6

Sofia was 6 pounds at birth. She is a healthy baby. How much does she likely weigh now that she is 1 year old? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sofia was 6 pounds at birth. She...

Question 7

The average age at which each motor milestone is met ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The age at which each motor milestone is met falls within a wide range of normal development. While there may be an average age range, it is important to note that every child is unique and may reach these milestones at different times. Therefore, it is not a precise measure of how each child is likely to develop, and cultural factors may also influence the timing of these milestones.

Question 8

Bree is HIV-positive and is managing her infection with antiretroviral drugs. She just learned that she is pregnant. To avoid passing the virus to her baby, her doctor may advise her to ________. ​

Accepted Answer

Delivering the baby by cesarean section can reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, especially if the viral load is not well controlled.

Question 9

During what time period does the human brain show rapid growth in gray matter? ​

Accepted Answer

The human brain shows rapid growth in gray matter during the latter months of pregnancy and continues to grow rapidly for the first 18 months of life.

Question 10

Amy loves to eat swordfish in any preparation but decides to avoid it during her pregnancy. Why might she choose to reduce her consumption of this oily fish? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amy loves to eat swordfish in any...

Question 11

Madelyn has increased salmon, an oily fish, in her diet during her pregnancy in accordance with her doctor's instructions. Her doctor says that this is one of the "safer" oily fish for pregnant women to consume. Why is Madelyn eating more salmon? ​

Accepted Answer

Salmon is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are important for the brain and eye development of the fetus during pregnancy.

Question 12

To which of the following tastes will a newborn react most favorably? ​

Accepted Answer

Newborns have a natural preference for sweet tastes, which is thought to be an evolutionary trait to encourage the consumption of mother's milk.

Question 13

In what order do the following steps of development occur? ​

Accepted Answer

The typical developmental sequence for infants is to first raise their head, then roll over, sit up, crawl, walk, and finally hop.

Question 14

Penelope has decided to nurse her newborn daughter instead of using bottles and formula. She noticed that her daughter nurses for different amounts of time based on what Penelope has eaten that day. Which of the following snacks would be likely to lead the baby to breastfeed for the longest amount of time? ​

Accepted Answer

Sweet flavors are generally more appealing to infants, which may lead the baby to nurse for a longer period when Penelope consumes sweet pastries.

Question 15

According to research (Fox, Hershberger, & Bouchard, 1996), who is most likely to reach milestones in motor development at the same time? ​

Accepted Answer

Identical twins are most likely to reach milestones in motor development at the same time due to their genetic similarities.

Question 16

Lucas is in first grade and works hard to print his alphabet letters on the lines on his notebook paper. In which direction is this motor development proceeding? ​

Accepted Answer

Motor development in children typically proceeds from the midline of the body to the extremities, which means control develops from the center of the body outward. This is known as proximodistal development.

Question 17

What role does habituation play in evaluating a baby's sensory capacities? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of What role does habituation play in evaluating...

Question 18

A spurt in myelination occurs between the ages of 6 and 13 years in parts of the brain associated with ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The myelination spurt occurs in parts of the brain associated with language and spatial relations, which corresponds to the period when children typically develop these skills.

Question 19

Because babies cannot talk, researchers must rely on which of the following to assess their sensory capabilities? ​

Accepted Answer

Researchers use physiological and behavioral measures such as heart rate, facial expressions, and head movements to assess sensory capabilities in babies, as they cannot communicate verbally.

Question 20

What is the likely purpose of the palmar reflex? ​

Accepted Answer

The palmar reflex is thought to be an evolutionary remnant that allowed primate infants to cling to their mother's fur for safety and mobility.

Quiz 11: The Feeling Mind: Motivation and Emotion

Research has shown that young infants do not see detail at a distance as well as adults do and need more contrast than adults in order to see well. According to the text, what research method was used?

Ava is almost 1 month old. What does she spend most of her day doing?

Newborns show an innate preference for looking at faces. This preference ____.

We produce many more synapses than we need, and then retain only those that are used in a "use it or lose it" fashion. What does this demonstrate?

Ethan is just 2 weeks old. His mother strokes his cheek and he turns toward the touch and opens his mouth. This is called the ____ reflex.

Sofia was 6 pounds at birth. She is a healthy baby. How much does she likely weigh now that she is 1 year old?

The average age at which each motor milestone is met ____.

Bree is HIV-positive and is managing her infection with antiretroviral drugs. She just learned that she is pregnant. To avoid passing the virus to her baby, her doctor may advise her to ________.

During what time period does the human brain show rapid growth in gray matter?

Amy loves to eat swordfish in any preparation but decides to avoid it during her pregnancy. Why might she choose to reduce her consumption of this oily fish?

Madelyn has increased salmon, an oily fish, in her diet during her pregnancy in accordance with her doctor's instructions. Her doctor says that this is one of the "safer" oily fish for pregnant women to consume. Why is Madelyn eating more salmon?

To which of the following tastes will a newborn react most favorably?

In what order do the following steps of development occur?

According to research (Fox, Hershberger, & Bouchard, 1996) , who is most likely to reach milestones in motor development at the same time?

Lucas is in first grade and works hard to print his alphabet letters on the lines on his notebook paper. In which direction is this motor development proceeding?

What role does habituation play in evaluating a baby's sensory capacities?

A spurt in myelination occurs between the ages of 6 and 13 years in parts of the brain associated with ____.

Because babies cannot talk, researchers must rely on which of the following to assess their sensory capabilities?

What is the likely purpose of the palmar reflex?