Question 1

The author argues that unlike a number of other academic disciplines,ethnography is both a social science and an art.Provide a concrete example of how ethnography is scientific,as well as a concrete example of why Guest considers it an art.

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Question 2

Explain how ethnographers can explore global phenomena by conducting fieldwork at the local level.

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Question 3

Define three fieldwork strategies anthropologists use to research their ethnographies,and describe the context in which each is used.

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Question 4

In writing about her findings in a Brazilian shantytown,Nancy Scheper-Hughes's account of Alto do Cruzeiro provides a window into the terrible toll of nonconsensual organ harvesting among the poor,as well as how she herself changed over time.How might an anthropologist justify the publication of this ethnographic research when considering the problem of ethnographic authority?

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Anthropologists have a responsibility to be reflexive and acknowledge how their perspectives and experiences shape their ethnographic research. Scheper-Hughes changes over time and her own subjectivity is an important aspect of the ethnographic account. By being transparent about her own biases and perspectives, she is able to provide a more nuanced and critical analysis of the issue of nonconsensual organ harvesting in the shantytown. This reflexivity is a key aspect of ethnographic authority.

Question 5

Consider an assembly of thousands of people,all screaming,yelling,and drinking,while a smaller group in the center of the assembly area fights over the remains of a dead pig.Why might this be seen as significant in anthropological terms if it were part of the research described in Horace Miner's interpretations of Nacirema culture?

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It helps to understand how to avoid judgment about cultural beliefs and practices.

Question 6

One consequence of increased migration is that anthropologists conduct ________ ethnography,collecting data in two or more locations.

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Multi-sited ethnography involves conducting research in two or more locations, which is particularly relevant in the context of increased migration. Options A, B, and C do not capture this aspect of anthropological research.

Question 7

What are the core moral and ethical concerns of anthropological research? Why are they necessary?

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Question 8

Compare Nancy Scheper-Hughes's early ethnographic fieldwork in Alto do Cruzeiro with her current research and work with Organs Watch.How has globalization affected her fieldwork?

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Question 9

Evaluate the merits of the long-term participant observation advocated by Bronislaw Malinowski relative to merits of the methods of "armchair" anthropology.

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Question 10

How did early twentieth-century anthropology differ from the anthropology practiced in nineteenth-century Europe?

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Question 11

In an age of intensifying globalization,ethnographic research continues to provide deep insight and understanding of the myriad parts of our informants' everyday lives and cultures,due in large part to the continued use of

Accepted Answer

Participant observation is the best choice as it involves immersing oneself in the culture and daily life of the informants, thereby providing rich and detailed insights. While conducting surveys, videotaping rituals, and recording field notes can also be useful, they do not offer the same level of understanding as participant observation.

Question 12

In his study of everyday "Body Rituals among the Nacirema," Horace Miner

Accepted Answer

Horace Miner's study of "Body Rituals among the Nacirema" makes the familiar seem strange by describing mundane activities such as brushing teeth, visiting the dentist, and taking medicine as complex rituals with hidden meanings. He does not argue that the Nacirema view the body as healthy and beautiful, nor does he focus on courts as the most important institution in society. Additionally, he examines both public and private rituals in his study.

Question 13

A multi-sited ethnography might be used to understand the nature of an urban legend-a repeated variation of some bizarre event around the world-by visiting many different countries and conducting interviews with participants.An anthropologist seeking a similar answer,but lacking the resources to move about easily,might also conduct a multi-sited ethnography through the use of

Accepted Answer

Conducting a multi-sited ethnography through the use of the internet would allow an anthropologist with limited resources to still gather information from different locations and interview participants remotely. The internet provides access to various sources of information and allows for communication and interaction with people from different parts of the globe.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a reason for ethnographers to conduct long-term fieldwork?

Accepted Answer

Long-term fieldwork is conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the culture and social practices of a community. One of the main reasons for conducting long-term fieldwork is to gain insight into complex systems of power and meaning, establish rapport with community members, and to understand connections between local and global processes. However, reinforcing ethnocentric attitudes about cultural superiority is not a reason for ethnographers to conduct long-term fieldwork.

Question 15

Evaluate the El Dorado controversy around anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon.You must demonstrate that you know when and where the contested activities occurred and how the population was allegedly affected.Conclude by stating why this might have been seen to violate ethical standards and what the American Anthropological Association ultimately found upon review of the evidence presented.

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Question 16

Anthropologists make great efforts to protect informants' anonymity

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Anthropologists make great efforts to protect informants' anonymity when referring to individuals in both research notes and publications. This is important to ensure that the privacy and welfare of the informant is respected, and to avoid any negative consequences that may arise from disclosing their identity. It is a key ethical principle in anthropological research.

Question 17

Define zeros and explain their significance for ethnographers.

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Question 18

It is essential that ethnographers map communities because this

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Mapping communities helps ethnographers understand how the use of space affects social interactions within that community. It allows them to document the physical layout and organization of the community as well as observe how people move through and interact with their surroundings. This can provide valuable insights into the cultural practices and social norms of the community being studied. While learning the local language and experiencing the rhythms of daily life are important aspects of ethnographic research, they are not directly related to the benefits of mapping communities. Randomness of the built environment may also be documented, but it is not the main reason for mapping communities.

Question 19

Explain why ethnography is considered both a science and an art.

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Question 20

Discuss Horace Miner's ethnography "Body Rituals among the Nacirema." What is the content of the ethnography? What was Miner's purpose in writing it,and how did he approach that purpose?

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Quiz 3: Fieldwork and Ethnography