Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: Point at which the double helix begins unwinding
The strand synthesized in the opposite direction to the movement of the replication fork
The strand synthesized in the direction the replication fork moves
Forms as a result of two replication forks being produced at the origin of replication
Y-shape produced by the unwinding of the DNA double-helix
The structure of DNA
Complex of DNA replication enzymes

Accepted Answer

The Answer of lagging strand and replication fork and replication is...

Question 2

Match between columns
                        Premises: Tethers DNA polymerase to the template DNA
Main enzyme that extends RNA primer by adding DNA nucleotides to it
Unwinds DNA helix
Stabilizes single-stranded DNA
Relieves over-winding of DNA ahead of the replication fork
Synthesizes short RNA segment to initiate new DNA strand
Contains 5' ->3' exonuclease activity to remove RNA preceding previous Okazaki fragment and uses its 5' ->3' polymerization activity to replace RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides
Seals nicks between adjacent DNA segments

Accepted Answer

The Answer of DNA polymerase I and DNA ligase and is...

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: Showed that DNA replication in Escherichia coli is semiconservative
Showed that a transforming principle from heat-killed S strain Streptococcus pneumoniae could be used to make the R strain virulent
Showed that the genetic material of bacteriophage T2 is DNA
Worked out the double helix model for DNA structure
Showed that DNA is the transforming principle responsible for transforming nonvirulent Streptococcus pneumoniae into a virulent strain

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Meselson and Stahl and Griffith and Watson is...

Question 4

Match between columns
                        Premises: primase
DNA polymerase III
topoisomerase
helicase
single-stranded binding protein

Accepted Answer

The Answer of B and A and D and E is...

Question 5

Although Watson and Crick are credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA, they based this discovery on the bench work of many other scientists of the time. Name at least three different pieces of knowledge that Watson and Crick used in their discovery that was based on work from other scientists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although Watson and Crick are credited with...

Question 6

Cancer treatments may specifically target rapidly dividing cells by using drugs or chemicals that ____.

Accepted Answer

Cancer treatments often target rapidly dividing cells by using drugs or chemicals that inhibit processes crucial for cell division. Inhibiting DNA replication prevents the cell from making copies of its DNA, necessary for cell division. Inhibiting DNA repair enzymes prevents the cell from repairing any damage to its DNA, which can lead to cell death. Both strategies are used to target cancer cells, which divide more rapidly than most normal cells.

Question 7

Variability in offspring is largely a result of ____.

Accepted Answer

Variability in offspring is largely a result of mutations, which introduce new genetic variations into a population. These variations can lead to differences in traits among offspring.

Question 8

The steps of DNA replication and the enzymes involved are largely conserved amongst bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. How can this evolutionary conservation be explained?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The steps of DNA replication and the...

Question 9

Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty showed that DNA was the transforming principle by demonstrating that mice survived when injected with a mixture of dead virulent bacteria and live nonvirulent bacteria that were treated with a DNA degrading enzyme. If RNA was the genetic material, what would have been the effect on the mice? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty showed that DNA...

Question 10

In many cancers, the cancerous cells have fully active telomerase enzymes. Explain how this might play a role in enabling cancer cells to keep rapidly dividing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In many cancers, the cancerous cells have...

Question 11

In Hershey and Chase's experiment, why would it not have been suitable to use radioactive nitrogen to label DNA?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Hershey and Chase's experiment, why would...

Question 12

Describe what happens to the nucleosome during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what happens to the nucleosome during...

Question 13

Some research has indicated that increased exercise is linked to increased telomere length in renewable tissues, like blood. Assuming that telomerase levels are not increased by exercise, what might explain the increase in telomere length?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some research has indicated that increased exercise...

Question 14

Describe the roles of the following enzymes during DNA replication: ligase, single-stranded binding proteins (SSBs), DNA polymerase III, primase, DNA helicase.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the roles of the following enzymes...

Question 15

Suppose a DNA replication error is not corrected. After two cell divisions, how many of the four daughter cells contain this mutation (assuming that the mistake was never corrected)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose a DNA replication error is not...

Question 16

Cancer cells ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cancer cells ____.
...

Question 17

What are two main reasons why DNA mutations are so rare?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are two main reasons why DNA...

Question 18

What is the function of the sliding clamp in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the function of the sliding...

Question 19

What is unlikely to happen if the sliding clamp is nonfunctional?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is unlikely to happen if the...

Quiz 14: Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Identification For the following questions, match the feature of DNA replication with its description.

Classification For the following questions, match the enzyme involved in DNA replication with its function.

Classification For the following question(s), identify the researcher(s) associated with the discovery or experiment from the following list.

Labeling Examine the accompanying figure. Match each letter of the figure with the appropriate DNA replication protein or enzyme. Figure 14.2