Question 1

In humans, brown adipose tissue is used for ____.

Accepted Answer

Brown adipose tissue is primarily involved in nonshivering thermogenesis, which is the process of heat production in organisms without the act of shivering. This type of tissue is especially important in newborns and hibernating mammals for maintaining body temperature.

Question 2

Match between columns
                        Premises: renal pelvis
renal vein
renal medulla
renal cortex
ureter

Accepted Answer

The Answer of D and E and B and C is...

Question 3

Match between columns Premises: may start in the medulla and end in the cortex site of over half of the water reabsorption from the filtrate tubule segment that usually has the largest increase in osmolarity surrounds the glomerulus site where water and small substances are first passed into the nephron may start in the cortex and end in the medulla empties into a collecting duct Na⁺and Cl^-are actively transported out here, but water and urea are not moved across the membrane tubule segment that usually has the largest decrease in osmolarity site of reabsorption of nearly all glucose

Accepted Answer

The Answer of descending segment of the loop of Henle is...

Question 4

Physiological changes that occur in ectotherms in response to seasonal temperature shifts are called ____.

Accepted Answer

Thermal acclimatization refers to the physiological adjustments ectotherms make in response to changes in their thermal environment, allowing them to maintain performance across a range of temperatures. This can include changes in enzyme activities, membrane fluidity, and heat shock protein levels, among other adaptations, to cope with seasonal temperature shifts.

Question 5

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by ____.

Accepted Answer

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by large amounts of protein in the urine (proteinuria), along with edema, hyperlipidemia, and hypoalbuminemia.

Question 6

An extended period of torpor entered by an animal during the winter when the environment is too cold and food is scarce is called ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An extended period of torpor entered by...

Question 7

Mammals may ____ as a response to cold in order to limit the amount of heat lost to the surroundings.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mammals may ____ as a response to...

Question 8

Describe the different types of torpor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the different types of torpor....

Question 9

Considering solutions on either side of a selectively permeable membrane, a solution of higher osmolarity is said to be hyperosmotic to a solution of lower osmolarity

Accepted Answer

Osmolarity refers to the total concentration of solute particles in a solution. A solution with higher osmolarity (more solute particles per unit volume) is indeed considered hyperosmotic relative to a solution with lower osmolarity, indicating it has a greater concentration of solutes.

Question 10

Flatworms and mussels have cellular and extracellular fluids with osmolarity lower than that of the external environment

Accepted Answer

Flatworms and mussels are osmoconformers, meaning their body fluids' osmolarity matches that of their external environment to minimize the need for active regulation of water and solute levels.

Question 11

The human temperature set point typically ____.

Accepted Answer

The human body temperature set point varies among individuals but generally ranges from about 96.0 °F to about 99.9 °F. This range accounts for normal fluctuations throughout the day and differences between individuals.

Question 12

If a scientist wants to study kidney disease in humans, why might she use human subjects instead of animal models?

Accepted Answer

Human subjects allow for the direct examination of renal phenotypes and the analysis of genetic factors specific to humans, which is crucial for understanding kidney disease in the context of human biology.

Question 13

An example of an ectotherm is a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

Lizards are ectotherms, meaning they rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temperature. Unlike endotherms (such as mammals and birds), ectotherms do not generate sufficient internal heat to maintain a constant body temperature.

Question 14

How do ectotherms control their body temperature?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do ectotherms control their body temperature?...

Question 15

Elevated blood pressure stimulates specialized cells in the heart to release antidiuretic hormone , a peptide hormone that inhibits renin release.

Accepted Answer

Elevated blood pressure stimulates the release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from the heart, not antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to low blood volume or high blood osmolarity, not directly by the heart.

Question 16

A marine fish's kidney plays little role in nitrogenous-waste removal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A marine fish's kidney plays little role...

Question 17

An example of an endotherm is a ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example of an endotherm is a...

Question 18

In humans, an increase of body temperature a few degrees above normal for a prolonged period produces a state called ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In humans, an increase of body temperature...

Question 19

Winged arthropods rely solely on behavioral mechanisms for thermoregulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Winged arthropods rely solely on behavioral mechanisms...

Question 20

Many terrestrial ectotherms regulate their temperature by ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many terrestrial ectotherms regulate their temperature by...

Quiz 48: Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation