Question 1

Little Tara is having lots of fun exploring her aunt's home while her mom and aunt are talking. She crawls into other rooms for brief periods and then makes her way back to her mom. Tara may climb into her mom's lap for a while, but it isn't long until she is off exploring some other room. Tara is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

Tara's behavior of exploring and then returning to her mom for comfort and security indicates a secure attachment. This is a positive attachment style in which the child feels comfortable exploring their environment while also seeking out their caregiver for reassurance and safety. The other options are not applicable in this scenario.

Question 2

Andrei's family just got a new dog, Codie. Although Andrei was wary of Codie at first, now he loves to play with his new puppy. Andrei is most likely to be classified as having a(n)__________ temperament.

Accepted Answer

Andrei was initially wary of Codie but eventually warmed up to playing with the puppy, which aligns with a "slow-to-warm-up" temperament.

Question 3

Korean and Chinese children can do arithmetic with three-digit numbers with greater skill than American children. According to research, one of the most important factors explaining this difference is

Accepted Answer

Asian languages have more logical and consistent number-naming systems, which makes it easier for children to learn and understand arithmetic concepts.

Question 4

Psychologists who study children's cognitive development in a range of environments have found that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychologists who study children's cognitive development in...

Question 5

Devin is a cheerful nine-month-old infant who wakes up every day at 5:30 a.m., eats lunch every day at noon, and goes to bed at 9 p.m. He gets fussy in the afternoon but can usually be lulled to sleep. Like most babies classified by temperament pattern, he would most likely be classified as

Accepted Answer

Devin's regular sleep and eating schedule, cheerful disposition, and ability to be soothed easily suggest he fits the "easy" temperament pattern, characterized by regularity, adaptability, and a generally positive mood.

Question 6

Three-year-old Celeste cries and tries to cling to her mother when her mother leaves the house. When Celeste's mother returns and tries to give Celeste a hug, Celeste pushes her away and yells, "Bad mommy!" Celeste's attachment to her mother would be described as

Accepted Answer

Celeste's behavior of crying and clinging to her mother when she leaves suggests an attachment to her mother, but her behavior of pushing her away and calling her a "bad mommy" upon her return suggests a sense of ambivalence towards their relationship.

Question 7

What was the name of the child who had severe language impairments due to a terribly neglectful childhood where she was kept as a virtual prisoner in her own home?

Accepted Answer

Genie was a child who suffered severe language impairments due to extreme neglect and isolation during her early years, which left her with significant developmental issues.

Question 8

Harlow's studies with the two artificial mothers concluded that

Accepted Answer

Harlow's studies demonstrated that infant monkeys preferred spending time with the cloth mother that provided comfort over the wire mother that provided food, indicating the importance of contact and comfort in attachment.

Question 9

Harriet, the monkey, has been socially isolated since birth. Based on what we know from Harlow's research, which of the following symptoms is not likely to be seen in Harriet?

Accepted Answer

Harlow's research on socially isolated monkeys showed symptoms like huddling, rocking, difficulty with sexual relations, and abusive behavior towards offspring, but refusal to eat was not a typical symptom observed.

Question 10

Kyle is described by his parents as a very happy baby. "He's always smiling, he eats and sleeps at the same time every day, and he's just a pleasure to be around," his mother says. Kyle appears to have a(n)________ temperament.

Accepted Answer

Kyle's regular eating and sleeping patterns, along with his generally happy demeanor, are characteristic of an "easy" temperament.

Question 11

Jalayna's baby is always ready to eat when it is time for her to be fed, always falls asleep at her nap time, and wakes up relatively easily. The baby also likes to try new things and is not too wary of new situations. Jalayna's baby has a(n)__________ temperament.

Accepted Answer

Jalayna's baby exhibits characteristics of an "easy" temperament, which includes regular eating and sleeping patterns, adaptability to new experiences, and a generally positive mood.

Question 12

Abby is a gurgling, even-tempered, happy baby. Austin is a fussy, irregular, and irritable baby. These characteristics describe each infant's basic, natural disposition-her or his

Accepted Answer

Temperament refers to an individual's innate tendencies or personality traits, such as being easy-going or irritable. Abby exhibiting a gurgling, even-tempered and happy demeanor implies that she has a different temperament compared to Austin, described as fussy, irregular, and irritable. Therefore, A is the correct option as it relates to natural disposition or temperament.

Question 13

Baby Megan has been described as irritable and irregular in her sleeping and eating habits. Megan's temperament is most likely

Accepted Answer

Babies who are described as irritable and irregular in their sleeping and eating habits are typically classified as having a difficult temperament. This means they may be easily frustrated, have intense reactions to stimuli, and struggle with routine and adaptation.

Question 14

A school board educational committee in a rural community is contemplating how to help deprived children improve their academic performance. Which elements do they need to emphasize outside of the classroom, according to developmental psychologists?

Accepted Answer

The presence of a supportive and stimulating adult at home is an important factor in helping deprived children improve their academic performance.

Question 15

Maria's cognitive development seems to be slower than the rest of her classmates'. Many things in her environment might be impairing her cognitive development. Which of the following factors has not been shown to impair cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Having a pet at home has not been shown to impair cognitive development; in fact, it can have positive effects on social and emotional development.

Question 16

"When Myoung heard the music outside, she ran to her piggy bank." Most people realize that Myoung is going to get money to buy ice cream from a vendor. This is due to the correct use of

Accepted Answer

Scripts are mental structures that represent a sequence of actions or events, such as going to buy ice cream from a vendor when hearing music outside.

Question 17

According to the text, Harlow's research on attachment showed that monkeys who were socially isolated displayed an inability to

Accepted Answer

Harlow's research demonstrated that socially isolated monkeys had difficulties in forming bonds and nurturing their offspring, highlighting the importance of social interactions in developing these abilities.

Question 18

Kimmy becomes extremely upset and cries every time her mother leaves her at preschool. However, when Kimmy's mom returns for her, Kimmy becomes angry and squirms out of her mom's arms. Kimmy can best be characterized as having a(n)__________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Kimmy's behavior of crying when her mother leaves and becoming angry when her mother returns suggests a contradictory behavior, which is characteristic of an ambivalent attachment style. Children with an ambivalent attachment style tend to be extremely distressed when separated from their caregiver, but when they are reunited, they may display resistant or angry behavior.

Question 19

Chun-Sun is going to kindergarten and is very shy. She acts very inhibited and does not play much with the other kids. Her teachers encourage her parents to be patient and to wait to see how things go over the first month of school, even though they are tempted to withdrawn Chun-Sun from the class. After a couple of weeks she begins to play with other kids and the rest of the school year proceeds with no problems, as all of the kids play together as friends. Based on what we know about temperament, she most likely was a(n)__________ baby when she was younger.

Accepted Answer

Chun-Sun's initial shyness and eventual adaptation to the kindergarten environment suggest she was a "slow-to-warm-up" baby, characterized by cautiousness in new situations but eventual adjustment over time.

Question 20

Two-year-old Aviva and her father are separated in the grocery store for a few minutes. When Aviva sees that her father is gone, she becomes distressed. When Aviva's father returns, Aviva smiles happily and gives him a hug. What kind of attachment does Aviva most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Aviva's reaction of distress when separated and happiness upon reunion indicates a secure attachment, where the child feels safe and comforted by the presence of the caregiver.

Quiz 9: Human Development

Andrei's family just got a new dog, Codie. Although Andrei was wary of Codie at first, now he loves to play with his new puppy. Andrei is most likely to be classified as having a(n) __________ temperament.