Question 1

Nate and Brenda argue about the usefulness of the humanistic approach to personality. "It's not practical," Nate exclaims. "Not true," says Brenda. "Some of the best-known applications of the humanistic approach have been

Accepted Answer

Humanistic psychology has significantly influenced psychotherapy methods, emphasizing personal growth, self-actualization, and the therapeutic relationship.

Question 2

Carl Rogers contends that a child's self-concept develops as she receives __________ from parents and teachers, has a congruent experience, and feels good about what she is doing.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers believed that a child's self-concept develops primarily through receiving positive regard from parents and teachers, which means they express acceptance and love towards the child as they are, regardless of their behavior or achievements. This creates congruence between the child's self-concept and their actual experiences, and helps to build a positive self-image. Conditions of worth, on the other hand, are external standards or expectations that a child feels she must meet in order to receive positive regard, and can lead to a discrepancy between the child's self-concept and her actual experiences. Self-efficacy refers to a person's belief in their ability to achieve specific goals or outcomes, and is not directly related to the development of self-concept.

Question 3

When she was in high school, Suvarna constantly longed to own her own car so that she could go out and have fun without asking her parents for permission. When she was in college, she couldn't wait to have her own apartment so that she didn't have to live with roommates. Now that she is out of school, she constantly watches "home improvement" shows on television and longs for a big beautiful house of her own. Suvarna has a pattern of displaying

Accepted Answer

Suvarna displays a deficiency orientation, which is characterized by focusing on what one lacks rather than appreciating what one has.

Question 4

Elias has an independent self-system. As a result, we can expect that he associates well-being and satisfaction with

Accepted Answer

Elias's independent self-system is characterized by a focus on achieving personal goals and individual autonomy. Therefore, it is likely that he associates well-being and satisfaction with possessing positive attributes that align with his personal values and goals.

Question 5

Rolo is dissatisfied with his life because his career is going nowhere and he is struggling to avoid bankruptcy. If Rolo had a growth orientation, he would

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rolo is dissatisfied with his life because...

Question 6

Meghan completes her chores on time and minds her manners because she likes to be helpful. Whenever her parents thank her for what she does, Meghan feels good about herself. Her parents' praises have become part of her

Accepted Answer

Meghan's self-concept includes her beliefs about herself, her abilities, and her values. Her parents' praises have helped shape her positive self-concept, which motivates her to continue being helpful and well-mannered. The other options are not relevant to the scenario.

Question 7

Sanji sees himself as a fraction of the whole-an entity having little or no meaningful definition without reference to the group. He probably comes from a(n)__________ self-system.

Accepted Answer

Sanji's view of himself as being defined in relation to the group suggests that he comes from an interdependent self-system. Interdependent self-construals are commonly found in collectivistic cultures, where individuals prioritize the well-being of the group over their own individual goals and desires. This type of self-construal emphasizes the importance of social connections and interdependence, and individuals who adhere to this view of the self are likely to see themselves as part of a larger whole rather than as autonomous individuals.

Question 8

Which of the following individuals is most likely to develop a sense of self-actualization, according to Carl Rogers's self theory of personality?

Accepted Answer

According to Carl Rogers's self theory, self-actualization occurs when an individual experiences themselves fully and lives in congruence with their true self, free from conditions of worth and external expectations. Dori, who experiences herself fully, aligns with this concept.

Question 9

Hank is conducting research on cross-cultural differences in personality. He is investigating personality in Eastern cultures where the group is valued more than the individual. Which of the following aspects of personality is not likely stressed in these cultures?

Accepted Answer

Eastern cultures that value the group over the individual are less likely to stress a sense of independence, as they prioritize community and interdependence over individual autonomy.

Question 10

Yaveen is writing a paper criticizing the humanistic approach to personality. What is the best title for his paper?

Accepted Answer

The title "How Naïve, Romantic, and Unrealistic! Is Everyone Really Innately Good?" directly addresses the core beliefs of the humanistic approach, which emphasizes the positive potential of individuals and their innate goodness. The title suggests that the humanistic approach is overly simplistic and fails to acknowledge the complexity of human nature. It also uses strong language that suggests a critical perspective, which is appropriate for a paper criticizing a particular theory or approach.

Question 11

Glinda the Good Witch does not worry about what is wrong with her life, like the Wicked Witch of the West does. Instead Glinda is happy with what she already has. According to Maslow's theory, Glinda has a(n)

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's theory, individuals with a growth orientation focus on fulfilling their potential and achieving self-actualization, rather than worrying about deficiencies or what is wrong with their life. Glinda's contentment with what she already has demonstrates a growth orientation.

Question 12

The humanistic psychology approach to personality has been criticized for

Accepted Answer

Humanistic psychology has been criticized for its concepts being too vague and subjective, making them difficult to test empirically.

Question 13

Carl Rogers would posit that the self-concept is an important aspect of personality because

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers believed that the self-concept is shaped by our own experiences and the approval or disapproval we receive from others, which influences our personality development.

Question 14

Matilde is driven by her perceived need to acquire material things and therefore does not focus on the skills and experiences she does have. Maslow's growth theory of personality would suggest that she is controlled by

Accepted Answer

Maslow's growth theory of personality suggests that a deficiency orientation is when a person is focused on what they lack, such as material possessions, rather than appreciating what they have, including their skills and experiences.

Question 15

The results of a personality test indicate to Ben that he is aggressive, alienated, negative, and hostile. According to research on temperament and personality, Ben can be best described as having a(n)__________ temperament.

Accepted Answer

The traits of aggression, alienation, negative affect, and hostility are indicative of an undercontrolled temperament, which is characterized by impulsivity, difficulty regulating emotions, and a tendency towards behavior that goes against social norms.

Question 16

Paulo lives in a culture that values social approval and harmonious relations with others. He strives to do his best but remains modest about his personal success. In Paulo's culture, satisfaction and a sense of well-being are most likely associated with

Accepted Answer

The answer of Paulo lives in a culture that values...

Question 17

Mrs. Saylor, a fifth-grade teacher, shows approval for her students, both in praising their successes and helping them to not be discouraged with failures. In this way, Mrs. Saylor is displaying __________ toward her students.

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Saylor is showing positive regard, which means treating the student with respect, acceptance, and empathy, regardless of their performance or behavior. This helps to build a positive relationship between the teacher and the students, which in turn creates a more conducive learning environment. The other options are not applicable in this scenario - incongruence refers to a person's inner conflict between their actual self and ideal self, self-efficacy is an individual's belief in their ability to achieve success, and conditions of worth refer to the expectations placed on an individual by others.

Question 18

Carl Rogers suggested that personality is the expression of __________ as it unfolds in each person's uniquely perceived reality.

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers proposed that personality is the expression of the actualizing tendency, which is the innate drive in every individual to grow, develop, and realize their full potential within their unique perception of reality.

Question 19

Stan and Cartman are talking about their lives. Stan says that he enjoys his life and that he is happy with the friends that he has. Cartman says that he won't be happy until he has a big bag of cheesy poofs and a new Trapper Keeper. Stan has a(n)__________ orientation and Cartman has a(n)__________ orientation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stan and Cartman are talking about their...

Question 20

Miroslav is a first grade student whose teachers describe him as eager to perform in class and responsible to the questions he is asked. Based on this information you can interpret that Miroslav has a(n)________ temperament.

Accepted Answer

Miroslav is eager to perform in class and responsible to the questions he is asked, which suggests that he is confident.

Quiz 11: Personality